Section 1
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glomerular filtration rate
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Last updated
6 years ago
Date created
Mar 1, 2020
Cards (57)
Section 1
(50 cards)
glomerular filtration rate
-volume of fluid filtered into bowman's space per unit time
homeostasis
internal environment is maintained at relatively constant composition
what is mainly found in medulla
loop of henle
renal corpuscle is made of
glomerulus + bowman's capsule
renal capillary beds
glomerulus (filtration) and peritubular capillaries (reabsorption) or vasa recta
what are the two parts of the kidney
cortex and medulla
what is normal glomerular filtration rate
125ml/min = 180L/day
what is equation of excretion
X = Xu * Urine flow rate
clearance of what is used to calculate GFR
insulin and creatinine
T/F there is net filtration along entire length of glomerular capillaries
true
what happens when you constrict afferent flow
decrease Pgc decrease GFR
what happens when excreted = filtered load
neither reabsorbed nor secreted
what are different uses of secretion
-endocrine glands secrete hormones into blood -exocrine glands secrete enzymes and buffers into duct and GI tract -GI tract and kidneys secrete substances from blood and cells into lumen of tract
what is the units of filtered load
gram/day
filtration define
plasma like fluid occurs at renal corpuscle net filtration pressure is high
what is the internal environment
extracellular fluid
after glomerular filtration what happens
after transporter or channel mediated reabsorption from tubule into ISF, there is net osmotic reabsorption from ISF into peritubular capillaries due to lower Pcap and higher cal in the peritubular capillaries
what is extracellular fluid made of?
interstitial fluid and plasma
what is the functional unit of the kidney
nephron
in glomerular filtration, what is reabsorbed?
salts and water
renal arterioles
1 afferent and 1 efferent
secretion is
solutes from the peritubular capillaries into tubular lumen
what direction is reabsorption
tubular lumen --> peritubular capillary
how many nephron in kidney
1 million per kidney
what is purpose of nephrons in juxtamedullary area
establish hypertonic medullary ISF
insulin
exogenous substance that is neither reabsorbed nor secreted
filtration
bulk flow and occurs from the glomerular capillaries into bowman's space
what direction is secretion
peritubular capillary --> tubular lumen
what is the basic renal process
excreted = filtered + secreted - reabsorbed
what happens when you constrict efferent flow
increase Pgc increase GFR
where are the nephrons located
80-85% in cortical = reabsorption and secretion 15-20% in juxtamedullary = establish hypertonic medullary ISK
what allows for filtration into bowman's capsle
glomerular capillary blood pressure (Pgc)
what is equation of filtered load
X = Xp * GFR
where is filtration
glomerulus - bowman's space
what happens when excreted<filtered load
net reabsoprtion
osmotic reabsorption
of solutes and H2O from ISF into peritubular and vasa recta capillaries occurs due to net re absorptive pressure (capillary pressure is low and oncotic pressure is higher after filtration)
where is the collecting duct
passes through the medulla carrying tubular fluid to the renal pelvis for excretion
what happens when you dilate afferent flow
increase Pgc Increase GFR
what is mainly found in cortex
renal corpuscle
filtered load
amount of substance filtered per unit time
renal clearance
clearance of a substance is defined as the rate of removal of that substance X from the plasma compartment, or the volume of plasma cleared of the substance per unit time
what is the balance equation
ingestion + production = excretion + consumption
what happens when excreted>filtered load
net secretion
amount excreted
amount of a substance excreted per unit time
what does the kidney do?
1. maintains salt and water balance = regulating ECF volume and osmolarity 2. eliminates metabolic waste and foreign substance 3. regulates pH of internal environment 4. Secretes hormones: erythropoeitin, renin, vitD 5. gluconeogenesis
can GFR be regulated?
yes
what is the flow of the fluid
proximal tubule --> loop of henle --> distal tubule --> collecting duct
if X is freely filtered, not reabsorbed, not secreted...
then filtered load = amount excreted
what happens when you dilate efferent flow
decrease PGc decrease GFR
reabsorption
up to 99% of filtered solutes and water occurs from renal tubular fluid into renal ISF by active transport or diffusion across apical and basolateral membrane
Section 2
(7 cards)