Data definition language - involves instructing the DBMS software on what tables will be in the database, what attributes will be in the tables, which attributes will be indexed, and so forth. Create, drop, alter, truncate, comment, rename,
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DCL
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Data control language -- Used to control ACCESS to data stored in a database.
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TCL
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Transaction Control Language: COMMIT, ROLLBACK, SAVEPOINT
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DML
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Data Manipulation Language -- Used to query and update data stored in the tables. Select, update, insert, delete.
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SQL
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Structured Query Language - a formal setup for building queries