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Section 1

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How does multiprogramming increase CPU utilization?

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6 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (47)

Section 1

(47 cards)

How does multiprogramming increase CPU utilization?

Front

By organizing jobs (code and data) so the CPU always has one to execute

Back

multiprocessor systems

Front

increased throughput, economy of scale, increased reliability

Back

security

Front

defense of a system against attacks

Back

single-threaded processes

Front

one program counter

Back

process

Front

a program that has been loaded and is executing

Back

What is the mode of the system at boot time?

Front

Kernel mode

Back

system call

Front

request to the operating system to allow user to wait for I/O completion

Back

multicore

Front

a multiprocessor system that uses multiple computing cores

Back

Name at least two activities the operating system is responsible for in connection with file management

Front

Creating and deleting files and directories Supporting primitives for manipulating files and directories Mapping files onto secondary storage Backing up files on stable storage media

Back

dual-mode

Front

operation allows OS to protect itself and other system components - user mode and kernel mode

Back

volatile

Front

loses its contents when power to the battery is removed

Back

four elements of a computer system

Front

hardware, OS, applications, users

Back

multiprogramming

Front

provides efficiency via job scheduling when OS has to wait (ex. for I/O or user), it switches to another job

Back

Name at least two activities the operating system is responsible for in connection with process management

Front

Scheduling processes and threads on the CPUs Creating and deleting user and system processes Suspending and resuming processes Providing mechanisms for process synchronization Providing mechanisms for process communication

Back

middleware

Front

a set of software frameworks that provide additional services to application developers such as the support of databases, multimedia, and graphics used in mobile operating systems in addition to the core kernel

Back

clustered system

Front

composed of two or more individual systems - or nodes - joined togeter

Back

What is another term for a multiprocessor system?

Front

Parallel system

Back

device-status table

Front

contains entry for each I/O device indicating its type, address, and state OS indexes into the I/O device table to determine device status and to modify the table entry to include interrupt

Back

True of False? A bitmap of length N can be used to represent the status of 2N items

Front

False, it represents the status of N items

Back

Name at least two activities the operating system is responsible for in connection with memory management

Front

Keeping track of which parts of memory are being used and who is using them Deciding which process and data to move in and out of memory Allocating and deallocating memory space as needed

Back

interrupt

Front

a signal from the hardware or the software that signals the occurance of an event

Back

List at least four common kernel data structures

Front

Lists Stacks Queues Hash functions Maps Bitmaps

Back

interrupt vector

Front

interrupt transfers control to the interrupt service routine through this, which contains the addresses of all the service routines

Back

multi-threaded processes

Front

one program counter per thread

Back

caching

Front

copying information into faster storage system

Back

kernel

Front

the one program running at all times on the computer

Back

True or False? Main memory is nonvolatile

Front

False, main memory is volatile

Back

open source operating system

Front

those available in source-code format rather than as compiled binary code (Linux)

Back

What is the mode of the system when a user program is running?

Front

User mode

Back

clustered systems

Front

linked multiprocessor systems

Back

True or False? The most common multiple-processor system uses asymmetric multiprocessing

Front

False Most common systems use symmetric multiprocessing because asymmetric is hard af

Back

trap

Front

a software generated interrupt caused by error or user request

Back

protection

Front

mechanism for controlling access of processes or users to resources defined by the OS

Back

bootstrap program

Front

loaded at power-up or reboot stored in ROM, initializes all aspects of system, loads OS kernel and starts execution

Back

timesharing

Front

CPU switches jobs so frequently that each user can interact with each job while it is running (interactive computing)

Back

Name the three volatile forms of storage

Front

Registers Cache Main memory

Back

nonvolatile

Front

keeps its contents even in an absence of power

Back

What is one advantage of using a solid state disk over a magnetic disk?

Front

solid state disks are in general faster compared to a magnetic disk

Back

Of the following 5 forms of storage, rank them from fastest to slowest in terms of access time: main memory, magnetic disk, registers, solid state disk, cache

Front

Registers Cache Main memory Solid state disk Magnetic disk

Back

What is the mode of the system when the operating system gains control?

Front

Kernel mode

Back

Name at least two activities the operating system is responsible for in connection with disk management

Front

Free space management Storage allocation Disk scheduling

Back

True or False? Managing files is one of the most visible aspects of an operating system

Front

True

Back

True or False? An OS is a resource allocator and a control program

Front

True

Back

operating system

Front

a program that acts as an intermediary between a user of a computer and the computer hardware; executes user programs, makes the computer system easy to use, utilizes hardware efficiently

Back

Name the four nonvolatile forms of storage

Front

Solid state disk Magnetic disk Optical disk Magnetic tapes

Back

True or False? Secondary storage is nonvolatile

Front

True

Back

Provide at least three resources the operating system allocates

Front

CPU time memory space file-storage space I/O devices

Back