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MaChemGuy F325 Definitions (not Transition Elements)

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Section 1

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STRONG ACID

Front

1 / 33

Physics

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Last updated

6 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (33)

Section 1

(33 cards)

STRONG ACID

Front

An acid which completely dissociates in aqueous solution

Back

STEREOISOMER

Front

Species with the same structural formula but with a different arrangement of the atoms in space

Back

ENTHALPY CHANGE OF FORMATION

Front

The enthalpy change when one mole of a compound is formed from its constituent elements

Back

WEAK ACID

Front

An acid which partially dissociates in aqueous solution

Back

SECOND IONISATION ENERGY

Front

The enthalpy change when one mole of gaseous 2⁺ ions is formed from one mole of gaseous 1⁺ ions

Back

BRØNSTED-LOWRY ACID

Front

A proton (H⁺) donor

Back

ENTHALPY CHANGE OF ATOMISATION

Front

The enthalpy change when one mole of gaseous atoms is formed from its element in its standard state

Back

FIRST IONISATION ENERGY

Front

The enthalpy change when one mole of gaseous 1⁺ ions is formed from gaseous atoms

Back

SPONTANEOUS REACTION

Front

A reaction which can occur at the specified temperature without a constant input of energy (ΔG NEGATIVE)

Back

SALT

Front

Produced when the H⁺ ion of an acid is replace by a metal ion or the ammonium ion

Back

pKa

Front

-logKa

Back

ENTROPY

Front

The measure of disorder of a system

Back

FREE ENERGY (ΔG)

Front

ΔH - TΔS

Back

OVERALL ORDER OF REACTION

Front

The sum of the individual orders in the rate equation

Back

Le CHATELIER'S PRINCIPLE

Front

When a system in dynamic equilibrium is subject to a change, the system shifts to minimise the change

Back

ENTHALPY CHANGE OF NEUTRALISATION

Front

The energy change that accompanies the neutralisation of an aqueous acid by an aqueous base to form 1 mole of water

Back

pH

Front

-log[H⁺(aq)]

Back

ELECTRODE POTENTIAL

Front

The emf of a half cell compared with the standard hydrogen electrode

Back

BRØNSTED-LOWRY BASE

Front

A proton (H⁺) acceptor

Back

BUFFER SOLUTION

Front

A solution which minimises pH change when small amounts of acid or base are added

Back

LATTICE ENTHALPY

Front

The enthalpy change when one mole of a solid ionic lattice is formed from its gaseous ions

Back

HALF-LIFE

Front

The time taken for the concentration of a reactant to decrease by half

Back

Kc

Front

The equilibrium constant measured using equilibrium concentrations

Back

EQUIVALENCE POINT

Front

The point in a titration at which the volume of one solution has reacted exactly with the volume of the second solution

Back

CONJUGATE ACID-BASE PAIR

Front

A pair of two species which transform into each other by gain or loss of a proton

Back

FIRST ELECTRON AFFINITY

Front

The enthalpy change when one mole of gaseous 1- ions is formed from gaseous atoms

Back

HOMOGENEOUS EQUILIBRIUM

Front

An equilibrium where reactants and products are in the same physical state

Back

ORDER OF REACTION

Front

The power to which the concentration of a particular reactant is raised in the rate equation

Back

DYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM

Front

Exists in a closed system when the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction and the concentrations of reactants and products remains constant

Back

INITIAL RATE

Front

The change in concentration of a reactant or product per unit time at the start of a reaction

Back

ENTHALPY CHANGE OF HYDRATION

Front

The enthalpy change when one mole of isolated gaseous ions is dissolved in water forming one mole of aqueous ions

Back

ENTHALPY CHANGE OF SOLUTION

Front

The enthalpy change when one mole of a compound is completely dissolved in water

Back

Kw (IONIC PRODUCT OF WATER)

Front

[H⁺(aq)] x [OH⁻(aq)]

Back