Section 1
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N2: polar covalent bonds or non-polar covalent or ionic?
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Cards (78)
Section 1
(50 cards)
N2: polar covalent bonds or non-polar covalent or ionic?
nonpolar covalent
During the chemical reaction in an electrochemical cell,
oxidation occurs at the anode.
The fact that carbon (C) is less electronegative than nitrogen (N) means that in a C Picture N bond, the
shared electrons are closer to the N atom than to the C atom.
Semiconductors are more effective than metals as converters of solar radiation into electricity because
the energy contained in sunlight gives the valence electrons in the semiconductor atoms the extra energy they need to "flow" throughout the solid.
What is the formula of the ionic compound formed from magnesium, Mg, and chlorine, Cl? MgCl Mg2Cl2 Mg2Cl MgCl2
MgCl2
Sulfur dioxide, the primary product of sulfur combustion, further reacts with oxygen as shown. 2 SO2 + O2 → 2 SO3 What is the final step in the formation of the acidic aerosol?
Reaction of sulfur trioxide with water.
HFCs may be used to replace CFCs. Which compound is a HFC?
CF3CH2F
A 4-L sample of water contains 80 µg of lead. What is this lead concentration, in parts per billion (ppb)?
20
Which correctly describes groundwater?
any water taken from aquifers
The main reason that water supplies are "chlorinated" is
to kill disease-causing organisms in the water.
The "doping" of a semiconductor to improve its performance means
adding small amounts of other elements to the pure semiconductor to change the freedom of electron motion throughout the crystal.
Which color in the rainbow has the shortest wavelength?
Blue
The "ozone layer" is found
in the stratosphere
Which is/are part of the Chapman cycle in the stratosphere? I. Ozone is removed by its reaction with water vapor. II. Ozone is removed by an interaction with UV radiation. III. Ozone reacts with oxygen atoms to form oxygen molecules.
II and III only
"Hard" water in parts of the Midwest may have a calcium ion concentration as high as 400 ppm. What is this calcium ion concentration when expressed as a percentage?
0.04%
What is the molarity of sodium chloride in a solution containing 0.50 mol of sodium chloride in 500 mL of water?
1.0M
When the ________molecules of ethanol, C2H5OH, are added to water, the ethanol molecules ________.
polar; form hydrogen bonds with the polar water molecules.
The pH of lemon juice is approximately 2.40. At this pH, the hydronium ion concentration is closest to which concentration?
4.0 × 10¯3 M
Which is not a consequence of hydrogen bonding between water molecules? Water has a high boiling point. Ice floats on water. Water has a high specific heat. Water is colorless and odorless.
Water is colorless and odorless.
A polar covalent bond is created when
two atoms share their bonding electrons unequally
HCl: polar covalent bonds or non-polar covalent or ionic?
polar covalent
The ozone hole is most prominent on the Earth over
Antarctica.
The hydronium ion concentration in a solution with pH 10 is __________ than the hydronium ion concentration in a solution with pH 13.
1,000 times greater
Sulfur oxides have been implicated as important contributors to the problem of acid rain. What is the principal anthropogenic source of these compounds?
coal fired power plants
CaO: polar covalent bonds or non-polar covalent or ionic?
ionic
A disadvantage of ozonation over chlorination is
the higher cost of ozonation and ozonation does not protect the water after the initial process is complete.
What are the major disadvantages of using ozone instead of chlorine to disinfect water?
Ozone decomposes quickly and does not provide long-term protection against possible contamination as the water is piped through a municipal distribution system.
KF: polar covalent bonds or non-polar covalent or ionic?
ionic
Most polyatomic ions
have a negative charge.
What percentage of Earth's water is in the oceans?
97
In general, hydrogen bonds are
about 1/10 as strong as typical covalent bonds.
Sunlight (solar radiation) may be turned directly into electricity using ______ cells.
photovoltaic
A polar covalent bond is created when
two atoms share their bonding electrons unequally.
Br2: polar covalent bonds or non-polar covalent or ionic?
Nonpolar covalent
O2: polar covalent bonds or non-polar covalent or ionic?
Nonpolar covalent
Why have efforts to reduce sulfur oxide emissions met with greater success than those directed at nitrogen oxide emissions reductions?
Sulfur oxide emissions come from a limited number of point sources.
LiBr: polar covalent bonds or non-polar covalent or ionic?
ionic
Coal is not a pure chemical compound, but its elemental composition can be approximated by the formula C135H96NO9S. What is the approximate percentage by mass of sulfur in coal?
1.68%
Chemical energy is converted directly into electrical energy in
a galvanic cell.
What atmospheric component is responsible for the natural acidity of rain?
carbon dioxide
NaCl: polar covalent bonds or non-polar covalent or ionic?
ionic
What distinguishes the atoms of one element from another?
the number of protons
How many bromide ions can combine with one ion of aluminum to form an ionic compound?
3
Calculate the pH of a solution prepared by dissolving 1.2 g of potassium hydroxide (KOH) in 1,250 mL of water.
12.23
The nucleus of an atom contains
protons and neutrons
HBr: polar covalent bonds or non-polar covalent or ionic?
polar covalent
What is the correct name for (NH4)2CO3?
ammonium carbonate
Wavelength is the
distance between successive peaks in a wave.
Which is the best definition of specific heat?
the quantity of heat energy that must be absorbed to increase the temperature of one gram of a substance one degree Celsius
Electronegativity
is a measure of an atom's attraction for an electron in a chemical bond.
Section 2
(28 cards)