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AP Chemistry: Equilibrium

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Section 1

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Is equilibrium static or dynamic?

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Chemistry Science

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Mar 1, 2020

Cards (26)

Section 1

(26 cards)

Is equilibrium static or dynamic?

Front

Dynamic: the reaction keeps going in the forward and reverse directions

Back

Chemical Equlibrium

Front

occurs when the rate of the forward rxn is equal to the rate of the reverse rxn

Back

Potential Energy Diagram

Front

shows how the energy stored in the bonds of reactants and products changes throughout the process of a chemical reaction

Back

Equilibrium Position

Front

Any combination of reactant and product concentrations that equal the experimentally determined Keq for a given reaction

Back

Activated Complex

Front

the temporary, unstable substance that forms during the transition state that is neither reactant nor product

Back

Reversible Reaction

Front

one in which the products can regenerate the original reactants

Back

Equilibrium Lies to the Left

Front

At equilibrium, [reactants] is higher than [products]; Keq<1

Back

Reaction Quotient (Q)

Front

a single number that represents the ratio of reactants and products measured at some time BEFORE the system reaches equilibrium

Back

Transition State

Front

the brief moment in which reactants are in the process of turning into products

Back

Catalyst

Front

increase the rate of rxn by decreasing its activation energy

Back

Equilibrium Lies to the Right

Front

At equilibrium, [products] is higher than [reactants]; Keq>1 http://o.quizlet.com/EsPdi5rX-iE.Z3NF2D.vbw.jpg

Back

What happens to K when the reaction is written in reverse?

Front

K becomes 1/K

Back

Keq changes with:

Front

temperature

Back

What happens to K when the reaction is multiplied by a factor?

Front

K is also multiplied by that factor

Back

When K > 1

Front

Equilibrium lies to the right (products are favored)

Back

Le Chatelier's Principle

Front

states that changing a factor such as concentration, temperature, or pressure of a rxn at equilibrium will cause the reaction to shift in the direction that counteracts the effect of that change

Back

Heterogeneous Equilibria

Front

equilibrium system in which all reactants and products are NOT in the same phase/state of matter

Back

Equilibrium Shifts Right

Front

the reaction will proceed in the direction that causes more products to be created

Back

Equilibrium Shifts Left

Front

the reaction will proceed in the direction that causes more reactants to be created

Back

Activation Energy

Front

the difference between the starting energy of the reactants and the energy at the peak of the transition state

Back

Definition of equilibrium

Front

When the rate of the forward reaction = rate of the reverse reaction

Back

How to calculate delta n in Kp equation

Front

delta n = # moles of gaseous product - # moles gaseous reactant

Back

Enzyme

Front

large protein molecules that serve as catalysts for biological rxns

Back

Which species are NOT included in the equilibrium expression?

Front

pure liquids and solids, including liquid water

Back

Equilibrium Constant (Keq)

Front

a single number that represents the equilibrium ratio of reactants and products

Back

When K<1

Front

Equilibrium lies to the left (reactants are favored)

Back