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AP Physics 1 - Electric Circuits

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Section 1

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Bulbs in circuit

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Date created

Mar 14, 2020

Cards (19)

Section 1

(19 cards)

Bulbs in circuit

Front

Get hot b/c light produced by heat Current decreases

Back

conductor

Front

allows charges to easily flow through it (most metals)

Back

Parallel

Front

Resistors that are in multiple pathways. Adding resistors in parallel decreases resistance and current (if voltage is constant). Current adds up (I total = I1 + I2) Voltage is constant (V total = V1 = V2) Resistance always adds up (1/R total = 1/R1 + 1/R2)

Back

Power

Front

= VI Measured in Watts V= voltage (v) I= current (A)

Back

Terminal emf/ Internal emf

Front

Voltage that is used by moving the charge through the circuit and across the terminals of the battery (ideally minimum)

Back

Resistance

Front

how easily charges can flow through a circuit increases with temperature

Back

Ohm's law

Front

When temperature is constant, v= IR V= voltage (v) I= current (A) R= resistor (omh's) light bulbs and semiconductors don't obey ohms law.

Back

Resistor

Front

A device that uses up voltage

Back

Potential Difference

Front

Voltage! negative charges flow from higher concentration to lower concentration. Also called electromotive force (emf) measured in Volts or (J/c) energy per coulomb

Back

insulator

Front

DOES NOT allow charges to easily flow through it (plastic, rubber, glass)

Back

Ammeter

Front

Measures current, connected in series

Back

Series

Front

Resistors in a circuit sequentially placed one after the other so only ONE path As more resistors are added in series the current decreases and resistance increases (if voltage is constant). Current is constant (I total = I1 = I2) Voltage adds up (V total = V1 + V2) Resistance always adds up (R total = R1 + R2)

Back

Voltmeter

Front

Measures voltage, connected parallel

Back

The Junction Rule

Front

Conservation of Charge Total current coming into a junction is equal to the total current coming out (Junction --> when one path forks into multiple visa versa)

Back

The Loop Rule

Front

Energy is conserved Total voltage drops and gains equal zero as you travel around a closed circuit loop. Traveling against a resistor results in a voltage drop (subtraction) and with a resistor results in a voltage gain (addition). Traveling across a battery from negative to positive is a voltage gain (addition) and traveling across a battery from positive to negative is a voltage drop (subtraction)

Back

Resistivity

Front

How much resistance a segment of a resistor has R = (pL) / (A) R = resistance (ohm's) p = resistivity (ohm's*m) L = length of segment (m) A = pi(r)^2 (m^2)

Back

Battery

Front

Acts as an elevator, raising electrons from the positive side up to the negative side

Back

Energy (electrical)

Front

= Pt Measured in J P = Power (watts) T = time (s)

Back

Current

Front

amount of charge passing a given point per second (C/s) goes from positive terminal of battery to negative terminal = (difference in charge) / (difference in time)

Back