Section 1
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swim bladder (accept: air bag Wink Wink)
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Date created
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Cards (65)
Section 1
(50 cards)
swim bladder (accept: air bag Wink Wink)
To prove this is made by a teenager, (which it is) what device do many Osteichthyes use to keep buoyant? (you'll figure out why this is so funny when you answer!!!)
Rydberg constant (accept: Rydberg)
PHYSICS Short Answer What is the name of the universal constant that relates atomic spectra of elements to that of hydrogen?
12.5 (accept -12.5) (Solution: (1000 J/kg.K)(0.25 Kg)(-50K) = -12,500 joules = -12.5 kJ)
PHYSICS Short Answer How many kilojoules of thermal energy, rounded to the first decimal place, must be lost from a 250-gram block of Teflon with a specific heat of 1 kilojoule per kilogram kelvin, to lower the block's temperature from 125º C to 75º C?
X) a proton changes to a neutron
PHYSICS Multiple Choice During positron emission, which of the following most likely occurs: W) a proton changes to an electron X) a proton changes to a neutron Y) a neutron changes to an electron Z) a neutron changes to a proton
½ (Solution: muons are fermions which have a spin of ½)
PHYSICS Short Answer What is the spin of the muon, in quantum units?
electrons and antineutrinos
PHYSICS Short Answer Name all the leptons that are produced during beta minus decay?
Z) through experimentation
PHYSICS Multiple Choice Which of the following BEST describes how the most accurate value for the gravitational constant has been determined: W) through theoretical calculations from General Relativity X) through theoretical calculations using the masses and motions of certain celestial bodies Y) through theoretical calculations from quantum electrodynamics Z) through experimentation
X) light follows the path of least time between two points
PHYSICS Multiple Choice Which of the following BEST describes Fermat's principle: W) light disperses in a specific medium depending on the medium's refractive index X) light follows the path of least time between two points Y) the angle of incidence can be greater than the angle of reflection Z) light always travels in the same medium at the same speed
beta minus decay
When a neutron turns into a proton, an electron, and an antineutrino, what type of radioactive decay is it?
tevatron (accept: Fermilab accelerator)
PHYSICS Short Answer Until the Large Hadron Collider came on-line at CERN, what accelerator was generally believed to be the only one energetic enough to produce top quarks?
2
PHYSICS Short Answer By words or numbers, identify all of the following 4 choices that MUST be true for 2 objects in thermal equilibrium: 1) they both must radiate no energy in any direction 2) they must be at the same temperature 3) they both must have the same thermal expansion coefficients 4) they must have the same internal energy
X) a capacitor
PHYSICS Multiple Choice Which of the following would a Leyden jar most likely be considered: W) an electroscope X) a capacitor Y) a resistor Z) a Tesla cage
W) superconductors
PHYSICS Multiple Choice The Meissner effect is most directly associated with which of the following: W) superconductors X) rare earth magnets Y) very strong electromagnets Z) Tesla coils
lead
PHYSICS Short Answer In the radioactive decay scheme of uranium, what is the final stable element produced?
338 meters per second (must give units) (Solution: 0.6 × 12 + 331 = 338.2 m/s)
PHYSICS Short Answer Given that the speed of sound at 0ºC at sea level in dry air is 331 meters per second, what is the speed of sound through dry air at sea level, giving your answer in proper SI units rounded to the nearest whole number, if the temperature of the air is 12°C?
cloud chamber (accept: Wilson cloud chamber)
PHYSICS Short Answer What is the name of the instrument invented by Charles Wilson and used in the early 1900's in many experiments to show the tracks of charged particles passing through a chamber?
Paschen series
Which hydrogen spectral series is n' = 3?
235 (Solution: 0.2 × 120 kg × 9.8m/s² = 235.2 N)
PHYSICS Short Answer Rounding g to the first decimal place, how many newtons are required to keep a 120-kilogram sled moving at a constant velocity across a pond if there is a frictional coefficient of 0.20 between the sled and the pond's surface? Round your answer to the nearest whole number.
Rydberg formula
What formula is used to calculate the hydrogen spectral series emission wavelength?
Faraday constant
PHYSICS Short Answer What constant is given as the amount of electric charge per mole of electrons?
100 (Solution: mechanical advantage, radius of wheel/radius of axle = 250 cm/2.5 cm = 100)
PHYSICS Short Answer What is the ideal mechanical advantage of a wheel and axle, if the diameter of the wheel is 500 centimeters and the radius of the axle is 2.5 centimeters?
W) to switch on and off or amplify electronic signals
PHYSICS Multiple Choice Which of the following BEST describes the most common functions for which most transistors are used: W) to switch on and off or amplify electronic signals X) to allow electric current to pass in only one direction while increasing or decreasing the voltage Y) to store electrical energy Z) to regulate the frequency of electrical sine waves
quarks
PHYSICS Short Answer Name all of the following 4 sub-atomic particles that are never found in isolation: electrons; protons; quarks; positrons
Humphreys series
Which hydrogen spectral series is n' = 6?
20 (Solution: Τ = v/r = 50m/s/2.5m = 20 rad/s)
PHYSICS Short Answer What is the angular velocity, in radians per second, of a wheel with a radius of 250 centimeters and a surface velocity of 50 meters per second?
Z) electrons are transferred from the glass tube to the silk
PHYSICS Multiple Choice Which of the following occurs when a glass tube is rubbed with a silk cloth: W) protons are transferred from the silk to the glass tube X) protons are transferred from the glass tube to the silk Y) electrons are transferred from the silk to the glass tube Z) electrons are transferred from the glass tube to the silk
X) 50% less
PHYSICS Multiple Choice If you were using a 50-millimeter camera lens and changed the lens aperture from 8.0 to 5.6, about how much LESS light would the lens be allowing to pass through it: W) 60% less X) 50% less Y) 35% less Z) 22% less
Z) it cannot distinguish between positive and negative particles
17) PHYSICS Multiple Choice Which of the following is NOT true of the Hall effect: W) it can be used to measure the strength of a magnetic field X) it is a consequence of a current carrying wire in a magnetic field Y) it was one of the first direct indications that negative charges are what move in conductors Z) it cannot distinguish between positive and negative particles
neutron
PHYSICS Short Answer During beta minus decay, what nucleon type is reduced by one?
0.8
PHYSICS Short Answer Consider an astronaut on the Moon and g is exactly 1/6th of g on Earth. If he threw an object vertically upwards with an initial velocity of 1.6 meters per second, how many meters up would it be after 1 second, rounding your answer to the first decimal place?
X) 380 to 740 nanometers
GENERAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice Which of the following most accurately represents the complete range of wavelengths to which the human eye is sensitive: W) 320 to 600 nanometers X) 380 to 740 nanometers Y) 450 to 850 nanometers Z) 480 to 950 nanometers
Z) as temperature increases, resistance increases because atoms vibrate more, increasing electron scattering
PHYSICS Multiple Choice Which of the following BEST describes how and why electrical resistance is related to temperature: W) as temperature increases, resistance decreases because electrons move faster X) as temperature increases, resistance decreases because electrons are lost from the conductor Y) as temperature increases, resistance increases because protons move faster Z) as temperature increases, resistance increases because atoms vibrate more, increasing electron scattering
photons and neutrinos
PHYSICS Short Answer Through what two particles is most of the energy released by a star like our Sun?
Pfund series
Which hydrogen spectral series is n' = 5?
electromagnetic
PHYSICS Short Answer Which of the 4 basic forces of the universe is most directly related to the ability of various metals to be hammered and formed into various shapes?
Higgs field
PHYSICS Short Answer What is the most common name for the field, which is believed to act somewhat like a fluid that fills space and endows quarks with mass?
quark
PHYSICS Short Answer Name all of the following 3 sub-atomic particles that interact with all 4 of the fundamental forces: electron; quark; neutrino
W) directing alpha particles at thin metal strips
PHYSICS Multiple Choice Which of the following experimental approaches was used by scientists to discover that the atomic nucleus held most of the atom's mass and a positive charge: W) directing alpha particles at thin metal strips X) finding the amount of magnetic deflection in cathode rays within a well-evacuated tube Y) exposing photographic film to certain radium salts Z) using a crude cyclotron to disintegrate large nuclei
6.67 × 10¹¹ (Solution: F = [(6.67 × 10¹¹)(10)(10)]/10² = 6.67 × 10¹¹ newtons)
24) PHYSICS Short Answer Assuming the universal gravitational constant is 6.67 × 10¹¹ newton-meters squared per kilogram squared, what is the gravitational attraction, in newtons, between two, 10-kilogram perfectly uniform spheres separated by a center-to-center distance of 10 meters?
Balmer series
Which hydrogen spectral series is n' = 2?
Y) all energy levels of atoms are quantized
PHYSICS Multiple Choice Which of the following best describes why the optical spectrum of an atom exists as discrete lines and not as a continuous spectrum: W) atoms have electrons with unit charge X) all atoms when excited emit light Y) all energy levels of atoms are quantized Z) all electrons have spin
40 meters (must include units) (Solution: d = ½ × at² = ½ × 5 × 42 = 40 meters)
PHYSICS Short Answer Consider a planet where g equals 5.0 meters per second squared. Ignoring friction, if an object started from rest, how far would it fall vertically off a cliff in 4.0 seconds, giving your answer in standard SI units?
Lyman series
Which hydrogen spectral series is n' = 1 and in the ultraviolet band?
2 times
PHYSICS Short Answer By what factor will the gravitational attraction between two masses be multiplied, if the distance between their centers of mass remains the same, but the mass of one doubles?
Brackett series
Which hydrogen spectral series is n' = 4?
beta decay
In what type of decay is only an electron emitted?
-392 (must give negative value) (accept: 392 joules less) (Solution: E = mgΔh = 10kg × 9.8 × (-4) = -392 joules)
PHYSICS Short Answer A 10-kilogram hay bale is raised to 5 meters above a barn floor and is then lowered to 4 meters below the floor. Relative to its starting position on the floor, what is the final gravitational potential energy of the bale, in joules, if g is rounded to the first decimal place?
X) The radium is replenished by decay of longer lived radioactive elements
PHYSICS Multiple Choice Which of the following BEST explains how a radium isotope with a half-life of about 1,600 years can be found in the crust of the Earth that was formed millions of years ago: W) its decay is slowed by the pressure of the Earth X) the radium is replenished by decay of longer lived radioactive elements Y) the radium was replenished by meteors and asteroids over the millennia Z) the radium is recycled from the Earth's core where magnetic fields slow the decay
W) orientation of intrinsic angular momenta of electrons
PHYSICS Multiple Choice Which of the following BEST describes spin quantum numbers: W) orientation of intrinsic angular momenta of electrons X) centripetal accelerations of atoms Y) angular momenta of only hadrons Z) centripetal acceleration of electrons
water boils; lead melts; copper freezes; solar corona
PHYSICS Short Answer Order the following 4 choices from the one with the LOWEST temperature to the one with the HIGHEST temperature: copper freezes; water boils; solar corona; lead melts
Section 2
(15 cards)