Section 1
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How is testosterone regulated?
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Last updated
6 years ago
Date created
Mar 1, 2020
Cards (63)
Section 1
(50 cards)
How is testosterone regulated?
THe hypothalamus and pituitary gland control how much testosterone the testes produce.
How is Aldosterone regulated?
Through negative feedback. When blood pressure falls, the Aldosterone is produced to keep in more water.
Target Cell
cells that have receptors for a particular hormone
What is Luteinizing hormone?
hormone released from the pituitary along with FSH to stimulate the production of testosterone (and estrogen in women)
Where is TSH released?
From the Anterior Pituitary
What does Insulin do?
Assists sugar to go from bloodstream into tissue
What makes cortisol?
adrenal cortex
Where is glucagon made?
alpha cells of pancreas
What type of hormone is oxytocin?
Peptide
Where is testosterone made?
The interstitial cells of Leydig in testicles
What is the function of TSH?
this is a hormone that stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine (T4), and then triiodothyronine (T3
What type of hormone is ADH?
Peptide
What does ADH do?
Regulates the osomolarity of your blood by increasing or decreasing the amount of Na+ in your blood. Facilitates reabsorption of water in nephron of kidney
How is glucagon regulated?
Through negative feedback with insulin (antagonistic)
What type of hormone is insulin?
Peptide
Negative Feedback Loop
A feedback loop that causes a system to change in the opposite direction from which it is moving
What is testosterone?
a steroid hormone, male sex hormone
Homeostasis
process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment
What are the Thryoid Hormones?
triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4).
What does Oxytocin do?
increases contractility of the uterus and causes milk ejection in the breasts -Stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth.
Autocrine
term for hormones that act on same cells that secrete them
How is Insulin regulated?
Through negative feedback and inhibited by glucagon
Where is Insulin made?
In the pancreas by the beta-cells
Synergistic Hormones
Amplifying effect; Opposite of a the antagonistic effect of the hormones
Where is oxytocin made?
hypothalamus and released in the posterior pituitary (peptide hormone)
Temperature Control
Any factor that causes temperature to vary from place to place and from time to time
Paracrine
Referring to a secreted molecule that acts on a neighboring cell.
What does Aldosterone do?
Stimulates the absorption of Na+ in the kidneys
Positive feedback loop
Causes a system to change further in the same direction.
What is the function of T3 and T4?
controls how quickly the body uses energy, makes proteins, and controls how sensitive the body is to other hormones
How is ADH regulated?
Through negative feedback.
What does glucagon do?
Increases blood sugar via lipolysis and glycogenolysis
Thyroid System
Hypothalamus releases TRH ==> releases TSH to the Thyroid <==(Negative Feedback)==>T3/t4
What type of hormone is glucagon?
Peptide
Antagonistic hormones
Effects of one hormone are counteracted by an opposing hormone ex. Insulin and Glucagon
How is oxytocin regulated?
Positive feedback mechanism to oxytocin in the blood (for the uterine contractions)
How is cortisol regulated?
CRH (cortisol releasing hormone) (hypothalamus) - (+) - ACTH (anterior pituitary) - (+) - cortisol (adrenal cortex)
Aldosterone?
a corticosteroid hormone that stimulates absorption of sodium by the kidneys and so regulates water and salt balance.
What does cortisol do?
Stimulates fat and protein catabolism to use for gluconeogenesis. It also increases glucose levels.
What is cortisol?
The stress hormone.
What type of hormone is cortisol?
steroid
What type of hormones are the Thyroid Hormones?
Anime (With Iodines)
Where is Thyroid Hormone made?
They are produced by the follicular cells of the Thyroid.
What is TSH?
thyroid-stimulating hormone. A glycoprotein hormone and created and releases in the anterior pituitary
Describe the cycle in which testosterone is signaled to be produced.
Hypothalamus sends signal (GnRH - Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone) to pituitary gland to release gonadotrophic hormones (FSH and LH). The LH stimulates the production of testosterone.
Where is cortisol made?
adrenal cortex
Osmolarity
A measure of the total solute concentration per liter of solution
Where is ADH made?
Hypothalamus and released in the posterior pituitary
Receptor location
The location where a hormone is received (peps are received on the outside, sterols on the outside)
Endocrine
any of the glands of the endocrine system that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream
Section 2
(13 cards)