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memorize.ai (lvl 286)

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why doesn't character displacement occur in regions of allopatry?

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6 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

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Section 1

(20 cards)

why doesn't character displacement occur in regions of allopatry?

Front

It does not occur because there isn't competition in an allopatry (occupying different geographical area) scenario. if no competition= no stress

Back

what process is (probably) responsible for character displacement? and is this process going on now? (why/why not)

Front

Process responsible - Natural selection, specifically directional selection no it is not going on now as before because both the species are in sympatric relation, therefore due to competition either one has to die or they have to acquire different habitat. if competed in past they do not compete anymore.

Back

Define character displacement.

Front

Character displacement differences among similar species whose distributions overlap geographically are accentuated in regions where the species co-occur, but are minimized or lost where the species' distributions do not overlap (Character displacement is the evolution of niche divergence in the presence of competition)

Back

Differentiate between the fundamental and realized niche in terms of abiotic and biotic factors. a. which is larger and why?

Front

--Fundamental niche: defined by abiotic conditions --Realized niche: measured (actual) conditions of existence (both biotic and abiotic) a) Fundamental niche is larger than realized due to interspecific interaction in realized niche.

Back

Differentiate between interspecific and intraspecific competition, and explain how intraspecific competition forms the basis of both population size fluctuations and evolutionary change

Front

-------Intraspecific competition : members of the same species compete for the same resources -----Interspecific competition : members of different species compete for the same resources

Back

What risks are we taking in southern Nevada by importing the beetle from China that specializes on tamarisk, in order to control the spread of the invasive tamarisk?

Front

the risk is the bettels from China might out compete the native species for their niche resources and reduce the population of native species.

Back

What effect has the tilapia had on rare fish species in southern Nevada?

Front

They spread to Muddy River, The Tilapia fish which is a mouth brooder that carries it's baby in mouth, has depressed Virgin River chub and dace species of native fish

Back

Define resource, and explain why food, water, space, and light are considered resources (within the framework of competition theory); and what is a "limiting resource"?

Front

Resource - source of supply, support or aid which can be readily drawn upon when needed - food, water, space, and light are considered resources as they can be drawn when needed and are limited Limiting resource - limited supply which are scarce thus organisms need to compete for it

Back

interpret fig. 13.25.

Front

top figure - sympatric because only one species present middle figure - allopatric

Back

Evolution

Front

The gradual change in a species over time

Back

are all accidentally imported species invasive? explain.

Front

If invasive species is not as capable of gathering resources as the native species it will die

Back

Define commensalism.

Front

an association between two organisms in which one benefits and the other derives neither benefit nor harm

Back

genetic bottleneck effect

Front

random/sudden reduction in population size; random loss of allelic variance due to random population decline

Back

genetic drift

Front

random change in allele frequencies that occurs in small populations

Back

Using fig. 13.27, comment on the competitive ability of invasive species.

Front

The invading snail species grew faster in either of the density therefore better competitor

Back

how is it possible to have no niche overlap and yet be sympatric?

Front

If the organism are not fighting/avoidance of competition

Back

Explain the difference between direct and indirect competition, and how a resource may be involved in each.

Front

direct (interference between resources and another species/individual) indirect (exploitation of another species to take advantage)

Back

sympatric speciation

Front

The formation of a new species as a result of a genetic change that produces a reproductive barrier between the changed population (mutants) and the parent population. No geographic barrier is present.

Back

What is a niche?

Front

The role of an organism in its habitat all of the factors (abiotic and biotic) necessary for the existence of a species -- n-dimensional, niches often defined by just a few environmental factors.

Back

allopatric speciation

Front

The formation of a new species as a result of an ancestral population's becoming isolated by a geographic barrier.

Back