meaning; prior knowledge; connecting one's background knowledge with spoken or written language to construct meaning
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orthography
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a method of representing the sounds of a language by written or printed symbols; spelling patterns (correct spelling)
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phonemic awareness
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awareness of phonemes in spoken words, including alphabet sounds, The ability to hear, identify,and manipulate the individual sounds, phonemes, in oral language.
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Phonology
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refers to sounds in speech, including speaking with expression, individual sounds, syllables, and words
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Prosody
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expressive spoken language
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syntax
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how words are combined into larger language structures; the rules of the language;
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morphology
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breaking words apart in order to study structures that create meaning; morphemes can be free or bound; Example bathroom, pancake include free morphemes; Biology, democracy include bound morphemes