Section 1
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intuitive
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Date created
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Cards (383)
Section 1
(50 cards)
intuitive
using or based on what one feels to be true even without conscious reasoning; instinctive.
incline
feel willing or favorable disposed toward
straphanger
A standing subway or bus passenger
insincere
disingenuous
glamor
the attractive or exciting quality that makes certain people or things seem appealing or special.
quirk
(n.) a peculiar way of acting; a sudden twist or turn
decrepit
(adj.) old and feeble; worn-out, ruined
perch
a thing on which a bird alights or roosts
dash
run
substantiate
(v.) to establish by evidence, prove; to give concrete or substantial form to
ambivalent
Uncertain; unable to decide, or wanting to do two contradictory things at once
sneer
To look down on with scorn; to mock or insult by words or manner.
herd
a group or animals
considerable
many
account for
explain
dilemma
a difficult or perplexing situation or problem
to wit
that is to say; namely
anthropologist
A scientist who studies human development and culture
egocentrism
Inability to perceive a situation or event except in relation to oneself; also know as self-centeredness
incredulous
Disbelieving, skeptical
analogy
A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them. An analogy can explain something unfamiliar by associating it with or pointing out its similarity to something more familiar. Analogies can also make writing more vivid, imaginative, or intellectually engaging.
conception
n. formation of an idea in the mind; the start of pregnancy
assumption
A belief or statement taken for granted without proof.
settle on
decide on
aerodynamic
relating to objects moving through the air
glide
to move smoothly and easily
relish
to enjoy
calibrate
(v.) to set, standardize (The mechanic calibrated the car's transmission to make the motor run most efficiently.)
squalid
(adj.) filthy, wretched, debased
hay
grass that has been mown and dried for use as fodder
assist
help someone, typically by doing a share of the work
hop
move by jumping on one foot
occasion
the time and place a speech is given or a piece is written
ramp
a slope or inclined plane
ingenious
(adj.) clever, resourceful (Her ingenious use of walnuts instead of the peanuts called for by the recipe was lauded by the other garden club members who found her cake delicious.)
extensive
covering a large area
phony
(adj.) fake, counterfeit; insincere, not genuine
expenditure
payment or expense; expending; something expended; output; Ex. receipt for the expenditure; Ex. expenditure of all the energy
firmly
solid
self-interested
selfish
whereby
by which; because of which
indeed
in fact;
anniversary
the date on which an event occurs every year; every year an event turns a year older
scramble
make one's quickly move
recipient
one who receives
retail
A business that sells goods or services directly to the public.
unfounded
not based on fact or reason
utilize
to use
rancher
a person who owns or works on a ranch
ascend
go up or climb
Section 2
(50 cards)
crank out
Produce a lot of something fast.
industrial
A series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods.
urgency
sensation of the need to void immediately
viable
capable of working successfully
convene
(v.) to call together (Jason convened his entire extended family for a discussion.)
shortcoming
drawback
harvest
The gathering of ripe crops for a season
procession
A group that moves together
agency
a business or organization established to provide a particular service, typically one that involves organizing transactions between two other parties
extract
to remove, with effort
prone
Lying face down
agitate
make (someone) troubled or nervous; shake
apprehension
anxiety or fear that something bad or unpleasant will happen
hive
box for bees;
collapse
fall down
intermittent
(adj.) stopping and beginning again, sporadic
astonishment
Great surprise or amazement
prospect
the possibility or likelihood of some future event occurring
solemn
Not cheerful or smiling; serious; gloomy
esthetic
adj. Pertaining to beauty, taste, or the fine arts.
frontier
A zone separating two states in which neither state exercises political control.
descend
to go down
susceptibility
the state or fact of bing likely or liable to be influenced or harmed by a particular thing
nestle
settle or lie comfortably within or against something
insecticide
substance that kills insects
solidarity
unity or agreement of feeling or action, especially among individuals with a common interest
commodity
something useful that can be used for financial advantage; a product or service that is indistinguishable from the same thing from competing sellers
institution
a society or organization founded for a religious, educational, social, or similar purpose
administer
to manage or direct
close at hand
If something is close at hand, it is nearby or conveniently located.
on the heels of
following closely after
humble
having or showing a modest or low estimate of one's own importance
venerable
accorded a great deal of respect, especially because of age, wisdom, or character
bouncer
doorman
scenario
a written outline of a movie, novel, or stage work giving details or the plot and individual scenes.
deficiency
a lack of shortage
spring up
suddenly arise, emerge
secondary
coming after, less important than, or resulting from someone or something else that is primary
potent
having great power, influence, or effect
fresco
a painting done on plaster
dosage
Amount and frequency of a medicinal drug that may be taken safely
contradict
deny the truth of (a statement), especially by asserting the opposite
forum
(n.) a medium for lecture or discussion (Some radio talk-shows provide a good forum for political debate.)
envision
to imagine; to foresee
enterprise
a project or undertaking, typically one that is difficult or requires effort
postulate
hypothesize; propose
save that
only
inherent
existing in something as a permanent, essential or characteristic attribute
topical
of a subject of immediate relevance, interest, or importance owing to its relation to current events
transform
make a thorough or dramatic change in the form
Section 3
(50 cards)
stiff
regulatory
mildly
gently, with little force, slightly
portray
diversification
framework
stewardship
the job of supervising or taking care of something
implicit
sweep
savvy
obsolete
(adj.) out-of-date, no longer in use
merit
(adj.) worthy, deserving recognition and praise
refute
absurdity
specialists
portrait
feline
glut
an oversupply
preserve
maintain (something) in its original or existing state.
pristine
fresh and clean; uncorrupted
tilt
homage
advisor
grip
barren
(adj.) not productive, bare
scarlet
concrete
existing in a material or physical form; real or solid
commission
desolation
a state of complete emptiness or destruction
cherish
plea
please
consensus
authorize
despoil
v. to deprive something of value
coastal
irrelevant
flurry
a small swirling mass of something, especially snow or leaves, moved by sudden gusts of wind
format
restrain
prevent (someone or something) from doing something; keep under control or within limits
appoint
fire up
start, become angry
iconic
explicit
aristocratic
reluctant
Unwilling, holding back
proposal
A plan or offer that is usually put down in writing
yield
produce or provide (a natural, agricultural, or industrial product); give way to arguments, demands, or pressure.
withstand
patron
1 a person who gives financial or other support to a person, organization, cause, or activity: Charles became a patron of Rubens and van Dyck | a celebrated patron of the arts. 2 a customer, especially a regular one, of a store, restaurant, or theater: we surveyed the plushness of the hotel and its sleek, well-dressed patrons.
spare
additional to what is required for ordinary use
Section 4
(50 cards)
adversarial
eagerly
aboriginal
interact
tremendous
cling
brilliant
tundra
reluctantly
cusp
veg
cognitive
adj. dealing with how we know the world around us through our senses; mental
saturate
plain
monitoring
humble
trifling
detox
stimulate
cease
seek
cite
dismay
noun consternation and distress, typically that caused by something unexpected: to his dismay, she left him. verb [with object] cause (someone) to feel consternation and distress: they were dismayed by the U-turn in policy.
media
site
critique
endeavor
peril
unfettered
triumph
cyberbully
tact
cliff
cluster
A number of similar things grouped together
dreary
adj. depressing and boring
gadget
proposal
muskox
tragedy
inferior
privilege
fundamental
prominent
boost
retain
urgent
heritage
caribou
antipathy
knit
Section 5
(50 cards)
irksome
irritating; annoying
commit
carry out or perpetrate (a mistake, crime, or immoral act); pledge or bind (a person or an organization) to a certain course or policy.
merely
simply, only
delicate
very fine in texture or structure; of intricate workmanship or quality.
provoke
to anger, arouse, bring to action
correctitude
especially conscious correctness in one's behavior.
involuntary
done without will or conscious control; done without someone's will
javelin
a light spear thrown in a competitive sport or as a weapon
intolerable
(adj.) unbearable
plentiful
existing in or yielding great quantities; abundant
behalf
benefit; support
baffle
to frustrate, as by confusing
perspective
admonition
an act or action of admonishing; authoritative counsel or warning
ignominiously
Shamefully; humiliatingly
discomfiture
anxious embarrassment
intimate
closely acquainted; familiar, close
philosophy
industry
diligence; economic activity concerned with the processing of raw materials and manufacture of goods in factories.
inventory
A list of possessions or goods on hand.
quirk
(n.) a peculiar way of acting; a sudden twist or turn
inwardly
registered or existing in the mind but not expressed to others
parody
A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule.
accuracy
the quality or state of being correct or precise
prolong
extend the duration
acquaintance
a person's knowledge or experience of something; a person one knows slightly, but who is not a close friend.
inevitable
Unavoidable
faculty
an inherent mental or physical power; school
evince
reveal the presence of (a quality or feeling)
apparition
a ghost or ghostlike image of a person
queasy
sick to one's stomach; nauseated
monotonous
dull, tedious, and repetitious; lacking in variety and interest
meek
quiet, gentle, and easily imposed on; submissive.
punctuality
being on time
mansion
large, stately house
empathize
devaluation
emerge
come out into view, as from concealment
inexorable
Impossible to stop or prevent
autocratic
(adj.) absolute in power or authority
allude
To refer to casually or indirectly
doctrine
(n.) a belief, principle, or teaching; a system of such beliefs or principles; a formulation of such beliefs or principles
virtue
interfere
involve yourself to something you do not belong
thrust
the reaction force that propels a rocket forward
governess
A woman entrusted with the care of a child
padlock
a lock that can be put on and removed
slumber
sleep
malice
Desire to harm others
colloquial
(of language) used in ordinary of familiar conversation; not formal or literary
Section 6
(50 cards)
territory
(1)an area of land under the jurisdiction of a ruler or state. (2)(especially in the US, Canada, or Australia) an organized division of a country that is not yet admitted to the full rights of a state. (3)an area of knowledge, activity, or experience.
dilution
the action of making a liquid more dilute; making something weaker by force
feminine
having qualities or appearance traditionally associated with women, especially delicacy and prettiness
falsehood
the state of being untrue
suffrage
the right to vote in political elections
urge
(n.) the desire (v.) pushing somebody to do something
consent
n. permission for something to happen or agreement to do something. v. give permission for something to happen.
prominent
important; famous. projecting from something; protuberant.
analogy
A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them.
untempered
not moderated or lessened by anything
prosperous
wealthy
exalt
hold (someone or something) in very high regard; think or speak very highly of.
prejudice
(n.)preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience (v.) give rise to prejudice in (someone); make biased
ambition
a strong desire to do or to achieve something, typically requiring determination and hard work
trustworthiness
the ability to be relied on as honest or truthful
boost
(n.)a source of help or encouragement leading to increase or improvement. (v.)help or encourage (something) to increase or improve.
diviner
of, from, or like God or a god.
dire
(of a situation or event) extremely serious or urgent.
enfranchisement
the giving of a right or privilege, especially the right to vote
usher
n. (1)a person who shows people to their seats, especially in a theater or at a wedding.
appall
(v.) to fill with dismay or horror
acquisition
an asset or object bought or obtained, typically by a library or museum. the learning or developing of a skill, habit, or quality.
inquisition
a period of prolonged and intensive questioning or investigation
persecution
hostility and ill-treatment, especially because of race or political or religious beliefs
scarce
insufficient for the demand
contamination
the process of becoming unclean
relish
(v.) to enjoy (Pete always relished his bedtime snack.)
pioneer
(n.)a person who is among the first to explore or settle a new country or area. (v.)develop or be the first to use or apply (a new method, area of knowledge, or activity).
rigid
unable to bend or be forced out of shape; not flexible. not able to be changed or adapted.
conquest
the subjugation and assumption of control of a place or people by use of military force
malleable
capable of being shaped
disenfranchise
deprive (someone) of the right to vote
slaughter
defeat; kill (animals) for food
sculptural
relating to or resembling sculpture
imprisonment
the state of being imprisoned
lament
(n.) a passionate expression of grief or sorrow. (v.) mourn (a person's loss or death).
purity
freedom from adulteration or contamination
sophisticate
(n.)a person with much worldly experience and knowledge of fashion and culture. (v.) to make someone or something complex
coordination
the ability to use different parts of the body together smoothly and efficiently.
affair
an event or sequence of events of a specified kind or that has previously been referred to.
temper
(v.)improve the hardness and elasticity of (steel or other metal) by reheating and then cooling it. serve as a neutralizing or counterbalancing force to (something). tune (a piano or other instrument) so as to adjust the note intervals correctly.
prosperity
the state of being prosperous
critic
a person who expresses an unfavorable opinion of something. a person who judges the merits of literary, artistic, or musical works, especially one who does so professionally.
inalienable
Not able to be taken or given away
aggrandize
increase the power, status, or wealth of.
primitive
(adj.)relating to, denoting, or preserving the character of an early stage in the evolutionary or historical development of something; not developed or derived from anything else. (n.)a person belonging to a preliterate, nonindustrial society or culture.
spatial
relating to space
conservator
a person responsible for the repair and preservation of works of art, buildings, or other things of cultural or environmental interest.
masculine
(adj.) having qualities or appearance traditionally associated with men, especially strength and aggressiveness.
realm
(n.) a kingdom; a region or field of study
Section 7
(50 cards)
patriot
a person who vigorously supports their country and is prepared to defend it against enemies or detractors.
combustion
A rapid reaction between oxygen and fuel that results in fire
inconsistent
not staying the same throughout.
incontestable
not able to be disputed
continent
adj. (1)able to control movements of the bowels and bladder. (2)exercising self-restraint, especially sexually. n. any of the world's main continuous expanses of land (Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, South America).
subjugate
(v.) to conquer by force, bring under complete control
repressed
restrained, inhibited, or oppressed
onerous
(adj.) burdensome; involving hardship or difficulty
commuter
(n) a person who travels into a city to work each day, usually from quite far away
persistence
firm or obstinate continuance in a course of action in spite of difficulty or opposition
inefficacious
(adj.) Not effective; unable to produce a desired result
inclination
a person's natural tendency or urge to act or feel in a particular way; a disposition or propensity. a slope or slant. he angle at which a straight line or plane is inclined to another.
apparently
as far as one knows or can see
parity
the state or condition of being equal, especially regarding status or pay
demand
(n.)an insistent and peremptory request, made as if by right. (v.)ask authoritatively or brusquely.
demographer
person who studies growth, density, and other characteristics of the population
contend
struggle to surmount (a difficulty or danger). assert something as a position in an argument.
premiums
n. (1)an amount to be paid for an insurance policy. (2)a sum added to an ordinary price or charge. (3)something given as a reward, prize, or incentive.
dedicate
devote (time, effort, or oneself) to a particular task or purpose.
deduct
subtract or take away from a total
companion
(n.)a person or animal with whom one spends a lot of time or with whom one travels. one of a pair of things intended to complement or match each other. (v.)accompany
dispassionately
in an unemotional, rational, and impartial manner
abysmal
extremely bad; appalling
sufficient
enough
suburb
A residential district located on the outskirts of a city.
legislator
a person who makes laws
constitution
a body of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is acknowledged to be governed. the composition of something. a person's physical state with regard to vitality, health, and strength.
impartial
treating all rivals or disputants equally
elevate
(v) raise, lift up; lift the spirits of; move up to a higher rank or status or raise up to a higher spiritual or intellectual plane
strenuous
(adj.) requiring tremendous energy or stamina (Running a marathon is quite a strenuous task. So is watching an entire Star Trek marathon.)
morale
the confidence, enthusiasm, and discipline of a person or group at a particular time
comprehend
grasp mentally; understand. include, comprise, or encompass.
decree
(n.) an order having the force of law; (v.) to issue such an order; to command firmly or forcefully
harmony
the combination of simultaneously sounded musical notes to produce chords and chord progressions having a pleasing effect. agreement or concord.
frustrate
prevent (a plan or attempted action) from progressing, succeeding, or being fulfilled
dwelling
a place where people live
wrestle
n. (1)a wrestling bout or contest. (2)a hard struggle. v. (1)take part in a fight, either as a sport or in earnest, that involves grappling with one's opponent and trying to throw or force them to the ground. (2)struggle with a difficulty or problem.
patriotism
love of one's country
inapplicable
not relevant or appropriate
in vain
without success or a result
credit
v. publicly acknowledge someone as a participant in the production of (something published or broadcast).
sinister
(adj.) appearing evil or dangerous; threatening evil or harm
prevail
(v.) to triumph over; to succeed; to exist widely, be in general use; to get someone to do something by urging
cobblestones
occupation
a job or profession. the action, state, or period of occupying or being occupied by military force. the action or fact of living in or using a building or other place.
conserve
(v.)protect (something, especially an environmentally or culturally important place or thing) from harm or destruction. (n.)a sweet food made by preserving fruit with sugar; jam.
insulation
the state of being separated and protected; material that protects against heat or electricity
exclude
deny (someone) access to or bar (someone) from a place, group, or privilege.
endow
(v.) to furnish, equip, provide with funds or some other desirable thing or quality
shrink
(v.) 1. become or make smaller in size or amount; 2. move back or away, especially because of fear or disgust. (n.) a clinical psychologist, psychiatrist, or psychotherapist.
Section 8
(50 cards)
volition
the faculty or power of using one's will
throne
a ceremonial chair for a sovereign, bishop or similar figure
precisely
in exact terms; without vagueness.
hostile
1. unfriendly 2. belonging to a military enemy 3. opposed
contradict
deny the truth of (a statement), especially by asserting the opposite
sustenance
1. food and drink regarded as a source of strength 2. the maintaining of someone or something in life
perish
1. suffer death, typically in a violent, sudden, or untimely way 2. suffer complete ruin or destruction
assert
state a fact or belief confidently and forcefully.
wreck
(noun) the destruction of a ship at sea; a shipwreck. (verb)cause the destruction of (a ship) by sinking or breaking up.
verifiable
possible to determine either that a result is correct or that a procedure or sequence of operations has been performed
declare
say something in a solemn and emphatic manner
consummation
the action of making a marriage or relationship complete by having sexual intercourse
self-portrait
a picture that you make of yourself
genuine
real
peculiar
1. strange or odd; unusual 2. special
popularize
to make something become known or liked by many people
absurd
ridiculous
foreseeable
able to be predicted
empirical
based on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic
depict
(v.) to portray; to represent or show in the form of a picture
immure
(v.) to enclose or confine within walls; to imprison; to seclude or isolate
eternal
a term that describes existing without a beginning and forever
interpret
to explain the meaning of
albeit
Although, even though
simultaneously
at the same time
condemn
1.express complete disapproval of, typically in public; censure. 2.sentence (someone) to a particular punishment, especially death.
substantial
1. of considerable importance, size, or worth. 2.concerning the essentials of something. 3.real and tangible rather than imaginary.
gallery
place for art exhibitions
crush
(noun.) a brief but intense infatuation for someone, especially someone unattainable or inappropriate. (verb)1. deform, pulverize, or force inwards by compressing forcefully. 2. (of a government or state) violently subdue (opposition or a rebellion).
featureless
lacking distinguishing characteristics
blunt
(adj) 1. (of a knife, pencil, etc.) having a worn-down edge or point; not sharp. 2. (of a person or remark) uncompromisingly forthright. (verb) make or become less sharp. (noun) a hollowed-out cigar filled with marijuana.
witness
(noun) 1. a person who sees an event, typically a crime or accident, take place. 2. spectator, viewer, watcher, bystander, passerby evidence; proof. 3. a member of the Jehovah's Witnesses. (verb) 1.see (an event, typically a crime or accident) take place. 2. be present at, attend, behold, get a look at give or serve as evidence of; testify to. 3. (of a person) openly profess one's religious faith.
disdain
(noun) the feeling that someone or something is unworthy of one's consideration or respect; contempt. (verb) consider to be unworthy of one's consideration.
hazardous
involving risk or danger
promote
1. further the progress of (something, especially a cause, venture, or aim); support or actively encourage. 2.advance or raise (someone) to a higher position or rank.
authenticate
prove genuine
grope
(v.) to feel about hesitantly with the hands; to search blindly and uncertainly
decade
a period of ten years
stampede
(noun) a sudden panicked rush of a number of horses, cattle, or other animals. (verb) (of horses, cattle, or other animals) rush wildly in a sudden mass panic.
yearn
(v.) to have a strong and earnest desire
chilled
1. (of food or drink) cooled in a refrigerator. 2. relaxed
vague
of uncertain, indefinite, or unclear character or meaning
enterprise
A business organization in such areas as shipping, mining, railroads, or factories.
tyrant
a cruel and oppressive ruler.
benefactor
a person who gives money or other help to a person or cause
ephemeral
Lasting a short time
brink
1. an extreme edge of land before a steep or vertical slope 2. a point at which something, typically something unwelcome, is about to happen
usurp
(v.) to seize by force, take possession of without right (The rogue army general tried to usurp control of the government, but he failed because most of the army backed the legally elected president.)
velocity
Speed in a given direction
denomination
1. a recognized autonomous branch of the Christian Church. 2. the face value of a banknote, coin, or postage stamp. 3. a name or designation, especially one serving to classify a set of things.
Section 9
(50 cards)
dispatch
(noun) 1.the sending of someone or something to a destination or for a purpose. 2.in his battle dispatch he described the gunner's bravery (verb) send off to a destination or for a purpose.
heritage
1. property that is or may be inherited; an inheritance. 2. a special or individual possession; an allotted portion.
introspection
causality
dwell
the ability to move or be moved freely and easily.
devour
1. eat (food or prey) hungrily or quickly: he devoured half of his burger in one bite. 2.(of fire, disease, or other forces) consume (someone or something) destructively: the hungry flames devoured the old house. 3. read (something) quickly and eagerly: she spent her evenings devouring the classics. 4. (be devoured) (of a person) be totally absorbed by an unpleasant feeling: she was devoured by need.
instinct
(adjective) imbued or filled with (a quality, especially a desirable one). (noun) an innate, typically fixed pattern of behavior in animals in response to certain stimuli. birds have an instinct to build nests
revenue
Income
overindulge
1. have too much of something enjoyable, especially food or drink: it is easy to overindulge in these kinds of foods. 2. [with object] gratify the wishes of (someone) to an excessive extent: his mother had overindulged him.
nab
demanding
1.(of a task) requiring much skill or effort: she has a busy and demanding job. 2.(of a person) making others work hard or meet high standards.
brawl
a noisy quarrel or fight
spouse
perception
the ability to see, hear, or become aware of something through the senses.
pay off
(phr v) to be successful and bring good results
submerge
cause to be under water.
interpret
spacious
having ample space
confide
tell someone about a secret or private matter while trusting them not to repeat it to others.
impart
1.make (information) known; communicate 2. bestow
crisis
a time of intense difficulty, trouble, or danger.
mobility
1. the ability to move or be moved freely and easily 2. the ability to move between different levels in society or employment
obligation
an act or course of action to which a person is morally or legally bound; a duty or commitment.
accumulate
gather together or acquire an increasing number or quantity of.
residential
designed for people to live in
scarcely
only just; almost not.
mural
wall painting
rook
scrutiny
critical observation or examination.
oppress
keep (someone) in subservience and hardship, especially by the unjust exercise of authority.
legacy
(noun) an amount of money or property left to someone in a will. (adjective) denoting software or hardware that has been superseded but is difficult to replace because of its wide use.
infrastructure
the basic physical and organizational structures and facilities (e.g., buildings, roads, and power supplies) needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.
collision
1. an instance of one moving object or person striking violently against another. 2. an event of two or more records being assigned the same identifier or location in memory.
depict
(v.) to portray; to represent or show in the form of a picture
unveil
1. remove a veil or covering from, especially uncover a new moment or work of art 2. show or announce publicly for the first time
affluent
1.(especially of a group or area) having a great deal of money; wealthy. 2.(of water) flowing freely or in great quantity.
intuitive
clash
(noun) 1.a violent confrontation. 2.a mismatch of colors. 3.a loud jarring sound made by or resembling that (verb) 1. meet and come into violent conflict. 2. (of colors) appear discordant or ugly when placed close to each other. 3. strike (cymbals) together, producing a loud discordant sound.
executive
fiscal
relating to government revenue, especially taxes
mock
proxy
1.the authority to represent someone else, especially in voting. 2.a figure that can be used to represent the value of something in a calculation.
pension
1.dismiss someone from employment, typically because of age or ill health, and pay them a pension. (noun) a regular payment made during a person's retirement from an investment fund to which that person or their employer has contributed during their working life.
treacherous
1.guilty of or involving betrayal or deception. 2.(of ground, water, conditions, etc.) hazardous because of presenting hidden or unpredictable dangers
prior
existing or coming before in time, order, or importance.
promulgate
promote or make widely known (an idea or cause).
systematic
recession
A slowdown in economic activity over a period of time.
degradation
the condition or process of degrading or being degraded.
dreary
adj. depressing and boring
Section 10
(50 cards)
crush
(noun.) a brief but intense infatuation for someone, especially someone unattainable or inappropriate. (verb)1. deform, pulverize, or force inwards by compressing forcefully. 2. (of a government or state) violently subdue (opposition or a rebellion).
imperious
(adj.) overbearing, arrogant; seeking to dominate; pressing, compelling
arrogant
(adj.) haughty, too convinced of one's own importance
intellect
contend
struggle to surmount (a difficulty or danger). assert something as a position in an argument.
substantive
1 having a firm basis in reality and therefore important, meaningful, or considerable: there is no substantive evidence for the efficacy of these drugs. 2 having a separate and independent existence. • (of a dye) not needing a mordant. 3 (of law) defining rights and duties as opposed to giving the rules by which such things are established.
subordinate
(adjective) lower in rank or position. (verb) treat or regard as of lesser importance than something else. (noun) a person under the authority or control of another within an organization.
sanity
elaborate
adjective involving many carefully arranged parts or details; detailed and complicated in design and planning: elaborate security precautions | elaborate wrought-iron gates. • (of an action) lengthy and exaggerated: he made an elaborate pretense of yawning. verb 1 [with object] develop or present (a theory, policy, or system) in detail: the key idea of the book is expressed in the title and elaborated in the text. • [no object] add more detail concerning what has already been said: he would not elaborate on his news. 2 [with object] Biology (of a natural agency) produce (a substance) from its elements or simpler constituents.
proposal
prescription
sanction
prosecute
invoke
redemption
an act of redeeming or atoning for a fault or mistake, or the state of being redeemed.
companion
(n.)a person or animal with whom one spends a lot of time or with whom one travels. one of a pair of things intended to complement or match each other. (v.)accompany
chronologically
in order according to time
spiteful
full of spite or malice; malicious; malevolent
pinnacle
(n.) a high peak or point
desert
1. abandon (a person, cause, or organization) in a way considered disloyal or treacherous: he deserted his wife and daughter and went back to England. 2.(of a number of people) leave (a place), causing it to appear empty: good weather came after the summer hordes had deserted the beaches. 3. (of a quality or ability) fail (someone), especially at a crucial moment when most needed: her luck deserted her. 4.[no object] Military (of a soldier) illegally run away from military service.
persecute
assert
state a fact or belief confidently and forcefully.
apathetic
(adj.) lacking concern, emotion (Uninterested in politics, Bruno was apathetic about whether he lived under a capitalist or communist regime.)
indulgent
triumph
？
reversal
desperate
1.feeling, showing, or involving a hopeless sense that a situation is so bad as to be impossible to deal with: a desperate sadness enveloped Ruth. 2. (of an act or attempt) tried in despair or when everything else has failed; having little hope of success: drugs used in a desperate attempt to save his life. 3. (of a situation) extremely bad, serious, or dangerous: there is a desperate shortage of teachers. 4. [predicative] (of a person) having a great need or desire for something: I am desperate for a cigarette | [with infinitive] : the government is desperate to clean up Rio's streets. 5. (of a person or fight) violent or dangerous: a desperate criminal | a desperate struggle.
rival
exacerbate
To make worse or more severe
conversely
on the other hand
culmination
1.the highest or climactic point of something, especially as attained after a long time: the product was the culmination of 13 years of research. 2.Astronomy & Astrology the reaching of the meridian by a celestial body.
combative
eager to fight
flawed
partake
prevail
(v.) to triumph over; to succeed; to exist widely, be in general use; to get someone to do something by urging
rivalry
usurp
(v.) to seize by force, take possession of without right (The rogue army general tried to usurp control of the government, but he failed because most of the army backed the legally elected president.)
shriveled
Shrunken and wrinkled especially due to loss of moisture or old age
coarse
acquisition
an asset or object bought or obtained, typically by a library or museum. the learning or developing of a skill, habit, or quality.
wilful
1. having or showing a stubborn and determined intention to do as one wants, regardless of the consequences 2. intentional bad behavior by a person or group in a position of authority
assertion
obstinate
(adj.) stubborn or hard to control
declaration
genial
(adj.) cordial, pleasantly cheerful or warm
undermine
1 erode the base or foundation of (a rock formation). 2 damage or weaken (someone or something), especially gradually or insidiously: this could undermine years of hard work.
take on
(phr v) to agree to do or be responsible for sth
validate
(v.) to confirm, support, corroborate (Yoko's chemistry lab partner was asleep during the experiment and could not validate the accuracy of her methods.)
innovative
1. (of a product, idea, etc.) featuring new methods; advanced and original: innovative designs | innovative ways to help unemployed people. 2. (of a person) introducing new ideas; original and creative in thinking: an innovative thinker.
aging
(noun) the process of growing old (adjective) (of a person) growing old; elderly.
Section 11
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interval
1. an intervening time or space: after his departure, there was an interval of many years without any meetings | the intervals between meals were very short. 2. a pause; a break in activity: an interval of mourning. • British an intermission separating parts of a theatrical or musical performance. • British a break between the parts of an athletic contest: leading 3-0 at the interval. 3. a space between two things; a gap. • the difference in pitch between two musical sounds. 4. a component of activity in interval training: use one day a week for short, sprint intervals.
modest
1. unassuming or moderate in the estimation of one's abilities or achievements: he was a very modest man, refusing to take any credit for the enterprise. 2. (of an amount, rate, or level of something) relatively moderate, limited, or small: drink modest amounts of alcohol | employment growth was relatively modest. • (of a place in which one lives, eats, or stays) not excessively large, elaborate, or expensive: we had bought a modest house. 3 (of a woman) dressing or behaving so as to avoid impropriety or indecency, especially to avoid attracting sexual attention.
pitiable
deserving or inciting pity
panel
1. a flat or curved component, typically rectangular, that forms or is set into the surface of a door, wall, or ceiling. 2. a small group of people brought together to discuss, investigate, or decide on a particular matter, especially in the context of business or government.
oddity
a strange or peculiar person , thing, or trait
reinforce
1. strengthen or support (an object or substance), especially with additional material: the helmet has been reinforced with a double layer of cork. 2. strengthen (an existing feeling, idea, or habit): various actions of the leaders so reinforced fears and suspicions that war became unavoidable. 3. strengthen (a military force) with additional personnel or equipment: paratroopers were sent to reinforce the troops already in the area.
distinctive
clearly different from others of the same kind
abrupt
1. sudden and unexpected: I was surprised by the abrupt change of subject | our round of golf came to an abrupt end on the 13th hole. 2. brief to the point of rudeness; curt: you were rather abrupt with that young man. • (of a style of speech or writing) not flowing smoothly; disjointed. 3. steep; precipitous: the abrupt double peak of the mountain.
repudiate
1 refuse to accept or be associated with: she has repudiated policies associated with previous party leaders. 2 deny the truth or validity of: the minister repudiated allegations of human rights abuses. 3 chiefly Law refuse to fulfill or discharge (an agreement, obligation, or debt): breach of a condition gives the other party the right to repudiate a contract.
authenticity
the quality or condition of being authentic, trustworthy, or genuine
mob
(noun) a large crowd of people, especially one that is disorderly and intent on causing trouble or violence (verb) crowd around (someone) in an unruly and excitable way in order to admire or attack them
becoming
1. appropriate 2. flaterring
dismay
noun consternation and distress, typically that caused by something unexpected: to his dismay, she left him. verb [with object] cause (someone) to feel consternation and distress: they were dismayed by the U-turn in policy.
excusable
able to be justified or forgiven; forgivable
undermine
1 erode the base or foundation of (a rock formation). 2 damage or weaken (someone or something), especially gradually or insidiously: this could undermine years of hard work.
alienate
1. cause (someone) to feel isolated or estranged: an urban environment that would alienate its inhabitants | (as adjective alienated) : an alienated angst-ridden 22-year-old. 2. cause (someone) to become unsympathetic or hostile: the association does not wish to alienate its members.
imperishable
(adj.) enduring forever
dabble
1. immerse (one's hands or feet) partially in water and move them around gently. 2. take part in an activity in a casual or superficial way.
preoccupied
concentrate
obsolete
(adj.) out-of-date, no longer in use
enumerate
mention ( a number of things) one by one
contemplate
To consider carefully and thoughtfully
subtle
(especially of a change or distinction) so delicate or precise as to be difficult to analyze or describe: his language expresses rich and subtle meanings.
scrutinize
To examine in detail with careful or critical attention
articulate
(adjective) 1 (of a person or a person's words) having or showing the ability to speak fluently and coherently: an articulate account of their experiences. 2 having joints or jointed segments. (verb) 1 [with object] express (an idea or feeling) fluently and coherently 2 [no object] form a joint: the mandible is a solid piece articulating with the head.
warrant
(noun) 1 a document issued by a legal or government official authorizing the police or some other body to make an arrest, search premises, or carry out some other action relating to the administration of justice 2 an official certificate of appointment issued to an officer of lower rank than a commissioned officer. (verb) justify or necessitate (a certain course of action)
menacing
suggesting the presence of danger
deviation
1 the action of departing from an established course or accepted standard: deviation from a norm | sexual deviation | deviations from standard English. 2 Statistics the amount by which a single measurement differs from a fixed value such as the mean. 3 the deflection of a vessel's compass needle caused by iron in the vessel, which varies with the vessel's heading.
drastic
extreme
hobbyist
someone who does something as a hobby
hasten
hurry; accelerate; rush
nevertheless
however
peculiar
1. strange or odd; unusual 2. special
wield
1.hold and use (a weapon or tool): a masked raider wielding a handgun. 2.have and be able to use (power or influence): faction leaders wielded enormous influence within the party.
cognitive
adj. dealing with how we know the world around us through our senses; mental
inevitable
Unavoidable
abnormality
anomaly
advocate doing
indeed
in fact
sheer
adjective 1. [attributive] nothing other than; unmitigated (used for emphasis): she giggled with sheer delight | marriage is sheer hard work. 2. (especially of a cliff or wall) perpendicular or nearly so: the sheer ice walls. 3. (of a fabric) very thin; diaphanous: sheer white silk chiffon. adverb 1. perpendicularly: the ridge fell sheer, in steep crags. 2. archaic completely; right: she went sheer forward when the door was open. noun a very fine or diaphanous fabric or article.
unadorned
plain, not decorated
convey
1. transport or carry to a place: pipes were laid to convey water to the house. 2. make (an idea, impression, or feeling) known or understandable to someone: the real virtues and diversity of America had never been conveyed in the movies | it's impossible to convey how lost I felt. 3. communicate (a message or information): Mr. Harvey and his daughter have asked me to convey their very kind regards
superficial
existing or occurring at or on the surface: the building suffered only superficial damage. • situated or occurring on the skin or immediately beneath it: the superficial muscle groups. • appearing to be true or real only until examined more closely: the resemblance between the breeds is superficial. • not thorough, deep, or complete; cursory: he had only the most superficial knowledge of foreign countries. • not having or showing any depth of character or understanding: perhaps I was a superficial person.
transparent
1. (of a material or article) allowing light to pass through so that objects behind can be distinctly seen: transparent blue water. 2. easy to perceive or detect: the residents will see through any transparent attempt to buy their votes | the meaning of the poem is by no means transparent. 3. having thoughts, feelings, or motives that are easily perceived: you'd be no good at poker—you're too transparent. 4. (of an organization or its activities) open to public scrutiny: if you had transparent government procurement, corruption would go away.
steep
?
repeal
To cancel, usually a law
keep pace
(v) to move at the same speed as something else; to keep up with someone/something
inexorably
impossible to stop or prevent
icon
1 (also ikon) a painting of Jesus Christ or another holy figure, typically in a traditional style on wood, venerated and used as an aid to devotion in the Byzantine and other Eastern Churches. 2 a person or thing regarded as a representative symbol of something: this iron-jawed icon of American manhood. 3 Computing a symbol or graphic representation on a screen of a program, option, or window, especially one of several for selection. 4 Linguistics a sign whose form directly reflects the thing it signifies, for example, the word snarl pronounced in a snarling way.
eccentric
(adj.) 1. (of a person or their behavior) unconventional and slightly strange: my favorite aunt is very eccentric. 2. technical (of a thing) not placed centrally or not having its axis or other part placed centrally. (noun) 1. a person of unconventional and slightly strange views or behavior: he enjoys a colorful reputation as an engaging eccentric.
Section 12
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perception
the ability to see, hear, or become aware of something through the senses.
at odds with
go against
boundless
unlimited
brevity
concise and exact use of words in writing or speech.
facility
1 a place, amenity, or piece of equipment provided for a particular purpose: cooking facilities | facilities for picnicking, camping, and hiking | a manufacturing facility. • (the facilities) a public restroom. • an option or service that gives the opportunity to do or benefit from something: the program includes a help facility and interactive windows. 2 [usually in singular] an ability to do or learn something well and easily; a natural aptitude: he had a facility for languages. • absence of difficulty or effort: the pianist played with great facility.
vulnerability
the quality or state of being exposed to the possibility of being attacked or harmed, either physically or emotionally
self-sufficiency
The ability to fulfill all of one's needs without assistance.
bolster
to support or strengthen; prop up
tempo
Relating to time
amp up
to increase
arouse
1 evoke or awaken (a feeling, emotion, or response): something about the man aroused the guard's suspicions | the letter aroused in him a sense of urgency. 2 awaken (someone) from sleep: she had been aroused by the telephone.
get in line
To conform or cause to conform or agree
vitality
(n.) strength, energy, liveliness; the capacity to live and develop; the power to endure or survive
fluctuate
rise and fall irregularly in number or amount
scope
noun 1 the extent of the area or subject matter that something deals with or to which it is relevant: we widened the scope of our investigation | such questions go well beyond the scope of this book. 2 the opportunity or possibility to do or deal with something: the scope for major change is always limited by political realities. 3 informal a telescope, microscope, or other device having a name ending in -scope: infrared night scopes. 4 Nautical the length of cable extended when a ship rides at anchor. 5 Linguistics & Logic the range of the effect of an operator such as a quantifier or conjunction. verb 1 assess or investigate (something): they'd scoped out their market.、 2 North American informal look at carefully; scan: they watched him scoping the room, looking for Michael.
former
1 having previously filled a particular role or been a particular thing: her former boyfriend. • of or occurring in the past or an earlier period: in former times. 2 (the former) denoting the first or first mentioned of two people or things: those who take the former view | [as noun] : the powers of the former are more comprehensive than those of the latter.
charm
noun 1 the power or quality of giving delight or arousing admiration: he was captivated by her youthful charm. • (usually charms) an attractive or alluring characteristic: the hidden charms of the city. 2 a small ornament worn on a necklace or bracelet. 3 an object, act, or saying believed to have magic power: the dreamcatcher is a charm used to prevent bad dreams. • an object kept or worn to ward off evil and bring good luck: a good luck charm. 4 Physics one of six flavors of quark. verb 1 delight greatly: the books have charmed children the world over. • gain or influence by charm: he charmed her into going out. 2 control or achieve by or as if by magic: pretending to charm a cobra | [with adverbial] : she will charm your warts away.
undulate
move with a smooth wavelike motion
geriatric
(noun) an aged person (adjective) relating to old people, especially with regard to their health care
unmistakable
not able to be mistaken for anything else; very distinctive clear
garner
verb [with object] gather or collect (something, especially information or approval): the police struggled to garner sufficient evidence. • archaic store; deposit: the crop was ready to be reaped and garnered.
deficiency
a lack of shortage
compensate
1 [with object] give (someone) something, typically money, in recognition of loss, suffering, or injury incurred; recompense: payments were made to farmers to compensate them for cuts in subsidies. 2 [no object] (compensate for) make up for (something unwelcome or unpleasant) by exerting an opposite force or effect: officials have boosted levies to compensate for huge deficits. 3 [with object] Mechanics provide (a pendulum) with extra or less weight to neutralize the effects of temperature, etc.
rev up
speed up
renounce
(v.) to give up or resign something
ornate
made in an intricate shape or decorated with complex patterns: an ornate wrought-iron railing. • (of literary style) using unusual words and complex constructions: peculiarly ornate and metaphorical language. • (of musical composition or performance) using many ornaments such as grace notes and trills.
resistant
1 offering resistance to something or someone: some of the old churches are resistant to change | [in combination] : a water-resistant adhesive. 2 denoting starch that is not easily broken down by enzymes within the body and is therefore minimally absorbed during digestion: cooked rice, like bread, contains a useful amount of resistant starch, which acts like fiber in the digestive system.
elaborate
adjective involving many carefully arranged parts or details; detailed and complicated in design and planning: elaborate security precautions | elaborate wrought-iron gates. • (of an action) lengthy and exaggerated: he made an elaborate pretense of yawning. verb 1 [with object] develop or present (a theory, policy, or system) in detail: the key idea of the book is expressed in the title and elaborated in the text. • [no object] add more detail concerning what has already been said: he would not elaborate on his news. 2 [with object] Biology (of a natural agency) produce (a substance) from its elements or simpler constituents.
keen
1 sharp or penetrating, in particular: • (of a sense) highly developed: I have keen eyesight. • (of mental faculties) quick to understand or function: her keen intellect. • (of the air or wind) extremely cold; biting. • (of the edge or point of a blade) sharp. • literary (of a smell, light, or sound) penetrating; clear. 2 having or showing eagerness or enthusiasm: keen believers in the monetary system | a keen desire to learn. • [predicative] (keen on) interested in or attracted by (someone or something): Bob makes it obvious he's keen on her.
materialistic
excessively concerned with material possessions; money-oriented: we're living in a highly materialistic society.
Accordingly
1 in a way that is appropriate to the particular circumstances: we have to discover what his plans are and act accordingly. 2 [sentence adverb] consequently; therefore: There was no breach of the rules. Accordingly, there will be no disciplinary inquiry.
draw criticism
acquaint
make someone aware of or familiar with
antisocial
1 contrary to the laws and customs of society; devoid of or antagonistic to sociable instincts or practices: a dangerous, unprincipled, antisocial type of man. 2 not sociable; not wanting the company of others.
By the same token
in the same way
squadron
group/ team (military word)
leisurely
(adj.), Unhurried, Taking plenty of time; (adv.) in an easygoing or unhurried way
insatiable
(of an appetite or desire) impossible to satisfy: an insatiable hunger for success. • (of a person) having an insatiable appetite or desire for something, especially sex.
contrasting
(adj) different
obsession
1.the state of being obsessed with someone or something: she cared for him with a devotion bordering on obsession. 2.an idea or thought that continually preoccupies or intrudes on a person's mind: he was in the grip of an obsession he was powerless to resist.
restorative
having the ability to restore health, strength, or a feeling of well-being
obsolete
(adj.) out-of-date, no longer in use
Nonetheless
in spite of that
To these ends
for the same purpose
Regardless
(adv) without paying attention to the present situation
spawn
release or deposit eggs
durability
the ability to withstand wear, pressure, or damage
engagement
1 a formal agreement to get married. • the duration of an agreement to get married: a good long engagement to give you time to be sure. 2 an arrangement to do something or go somewhere at a fixed time: a dinner engagement. 3 the action of engaging or being engaged: Britain's continued engagement in open trading | the engagement of the gears. 4 a fight or battle between armed forces.
blur
verb make or become unclear or less distinct: [with object] : tears blurred her vision | his novels blur the boundaries between criticism and fiction | [no object] : as daylight waned, the pages blurred. noun a thing that cannot be seen or heard clearly: the pale blur of her face | the words were a blur. • an indistinct memory or impression of events, typically because they happened very fast: the day before was a blur.
proportion
a part, share, or number considered in comparative relation to a whole
Section 13
(50 cards)
render
1 provide or give (a service, help, etc.): money serves as a reward for services rendered | Mrs. Evans would render assistance to those she thought were in real need. 2 [with object and complement] cause to be or become; make: the rains rendered his escape impossible. 3 represent or depict artistically: the eyes and the cheeks are exceptionally well rendered. 4 covertly send (a foreign criminal or terrorist suspect) for interrogation abroad; subject to extraordinary rendition. 5 melt down (fat): the fat was being cut up and rendered for lard. 6 cover (stone or brick) with a coat of plaster: external walls will be rendered and tiled.
empirical
based on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic
autobiographical
the story of a person's own life written by the person
recount
verb. tell someone about something; give an account of an event or experience noun. an act or instance of giving an account of an event or experience
statistical significance
a statistical statement of how likely it is that an obtained result occurred by chance
supremacy
the sate or condition of being superior to all others in authority, power, or status
unilaterally
1 used to indicate that something is done by only one person, group, or country involved in a situation, without the agreement of others: in 1996 the region unilaterally declared independence | would Britain dare to act unilaterally in the face of world opinion? 2 in a way that affects only one side of an organ, the body, or another structure: TB can involve the pleura unilaterally or bilaterally | unilaterally deaf dogs.
nurture
care for and encourage the growth or development of
commerce
1 the activity of buying and selling, especially on a large scale: the possible increase of commerce by a great railroad. 2 (dated) social dealings between people: outside the normal commerce of civilized life.
reconcile
restore friendly relations between: she wanted to be reconciled with her father | the news reconciled us. • cause to coexist in harmony; make or show to be compatible: a landscape in which inner and outer vision were reconciled | you may have to adjust your ideal to reconcile it with reality. • make (one account) consistent with another, especially by allowing for transactions begun but not yet completed: it is not necessary to reconcile the cost accounts to the financial accounts. • settle (a disagreement): advice on how to reconcile the conflict. • (reconcile someone to) make someone accept (a disagreeable or unwelcome thing): he could not reconcile himself to the thought of his mother stocking shelves | he was reconciled to leaving.
implement
1. (n.) an instrument, utensil, tool (Do you have a knife or some other sort of implement that I could use to pry the lid off of this jar?) 2. (v.) to put into effect, to institute (After the first town curfew failed to stop the graffiti problem, the mayor implemented a new policy to use security cameras to catch perpetrators in the act.)
reexamine
examine again or further
ambiguity
the quality of being open to more than one interpretation; inexactness: we can detect no ambiguity in this section of the Act | ambiguities in such questions are potentially very dangerous.
validate
(v.) to confirm, support, corroborate (Yoko's chemistry lab partner was asleep during the experiment and could not validate the accuracy of her methods.)
exertion
1 physical or mental effort: she was panting with the exertion | a well-earned rest after their mental exertions. 2 the application of a force, influence, or quality
distorted
1 pulled or twisted out of shape; contorted. 2 giving a misleading or false account or impression; misrepresented: his report gives a distorted view of the meeting. 3 affected by electrical distortion: distorted guitars.
restrain
prevent (someone or something) from doing something; keep under control or within limits
ingredient
any of the foods or substances that are combined to make a particular dish: pork is an important ingredient in many stir-fried dishes.
implementation
the process of putting a decision or plan into effect; execution
anticipate
1 regard as probable; expect or predict: she anticipated scorn on her return to the theater | [with clause] : it was anticipated that the rains would slow the military campaign. 2 act as a forerunner or precursor of: he anticipated Bates's theories on mimicry and protective coloration.
clout
noun 1 informal a heavy blow with the hand or a hard object: a clout on the ear. 2 informal influence or power, especially in politics or business: I knew he carried a lot of clout. 3 archaic a piece of cloth or clothing, especially one used as a patch. 4 Archery a target used in long-distance shooting, placed flat on the ground with a flag marking its center. verb [with object] 1 informal hit hard with the hand or a hard object: I clouted him on the head. 2 archaic mend with a patch.
cultivate
1 prepare and use (land) for crops or gardening. 2 try to acquire or develop (a quality, sentiment, or skill): he cultivated an air of indifference.
intentionally
deliberately; on purpose: I didn't do it intentionally | I wasn't sure if it was intentionally funny or not.
elevate
(v) raise, lift up; lift the spirits of; move up to a higher rank or status or raise up to a higher spiritual or intellectual plane
burden
noun 1 a load, especially a heavy one. 2 (the burden) the main theme or gist of a speech, book, or argument: the burden of his views. verb [with object] load heavily: she walked forward burdened with a wooden box.
democracy
a system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives
bulk
noun the mass or magnitude of something large: the sheer bulk of the bags. verb 1 [no object] be or seem to be of great size or importance: territorial questions bulked large in diplomatic relations. 2 [with object] treat (a product) so that its quantity appears greater than it in fact is: traders were bulking up their flour with chalk.
legislative
having the power to make laws
enact
1 make (a bill or other proposal) law: legislation was enacted in 1987 to attract international companies. • put into practice (a belief, idea, or suggestion). 2 act out (a role or play) on stage.
abolition
the action or an act of abolishing a system, practice, or institution: the abolition of child labor.
flawless
perfect
embrace
hug; clasp with the arms; adopt or espouse; accept readily; encircle; include; Ex. embrace the cause/socialism; Ex. all-embracing; CF. brace; CF. bracelet
disputed
controversial
potent
having great power, influence, or effect
grants
verb [with two objects] 1 agree to give or allow (something requested) to: a letter granting them permission to smoke. 2 agree or admit to (someone) that (something) is true: he hasn't made much progress, I'll grant you that. noun 1 a sum of money given by an organization, especially a government, for a particular purpose.
unintentionally
accidentally, casually, unconsciously
omnipotence
the quality of having unlimited or very great power
entrenched
firmly established and difficult or unlikely to change
simplicity
the quality or condition of being easy to understand or do: for the sake of simplicity, this chapter will concentrate on one theory. • the quality or condition of being plain or natural: the grandeur and simplicity of Roman architecture. • a thing that is plain, natural, or easy to understand: the simplicities of pastoral living.
contextualization
place or study in context
guarantees
noun 1 a formal promise or assurance (typically in writing) that certain conditions will be fulfilled, especially that a product will be repaired or replaced if not of a specified quality and durability: we offer a 10-year guarantee against rusting. 2 (also guaranty) Law a formal pledge to pay another person's debt or to perform another person's obligation in the case of default. verb provide a formal assurance or promise, especially that certain conditions shall be fulfilled relating to a product, service, or transaction: [with clause or infinitive] : the con artist guarantees that the dirt pile will yield at least 20 ounces of gold.
federal
having or relating to a system of government in which several states form a unity but remain independent in internal affairs: Russia's federation treaty shares powers among Russia's federal and local governments.
go so far as
what should you do to achieve a goal
panic
noun sudden uncontrollable fear or anxiety, often causing wildly unthinking behavior: she hit him in panic | [in singular] : he ran to the library in a blind panic. • widespread financial or commercial apprehension provoking hasty action: he caused an economic panic by his sudden resignation | [as modifier] : panic selling. • informal a frenzied hurry to do something: a workload of constant panics and rush jobs. verb feel or cause to feel panic: [no object] : the crowd panicked and stampeded for the exit | [with object] : talk of love panicked her.
abstract
adj. existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence: abstract concepts such as love or beauty. verb. 1 consider (something) theoretically or separately from something else: to abstract science and religion from their historical context can lead to anachronism | [no object] : he cannot form a general notion by abstracting from particulars. 2 extract or remove (something): applications to abstract more water from streams. • used euphemistically to say that someone has stolen something: his pockets contained all he had been able to abstract from the apartment. • (abstract oneself) withdraw: as our relationship deepened you seemed to abstract yourself. 3 make a written summary of (an article or book): staff who index and abstract material for an online database.
temperament
1 a person's or animal's nature, especially as it permanently affects their behavior: she had an artistic temperament. • the tendency to behave angrily or emotionally: he had begun to show signs of temperament. 2 the adjustment of intervals in tuning a piano or other musical instrument so as to fit the scale for use in different keys; in equal temperament, the octave consists of twelve equal semitones.
interpretation
the action of explaining the meaning of something: the interpretation of data. • an explanation or way of explaining: this action is open to a number of interpretations. • a stylistic representation of a creative work or dramatic role: two differing interpretations, both bearing the distinctive hallmarks of each writer's perspective.
contrary
adjective 1 opposite in nature, direction, or meaning: he ignored contrary advice and agreed on the deal. 2 perversely inclined to disagree or to do the opposite of what is expected or desired: she is sulky and contrary where her work is concerned. noun 1 (the contrary) the opposite: the magazine has proved that the contrary is true. 2 Logic a contrary proposition.
sturdy
strong and firm (in the body)
sentiment
noun 1 a view of or attitude toward a situation or event; an opinion: I agree with your sentiments regarding the road bridge. 2 a feeling or emotion: an intense sentiment of horror.
Section 14
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tempting
appealing to or attracting someone, even if wrong or inadvisable: a tempting financial offer | [with infinitive] : it is often tempting to bring about change rapidly.
reproach
verb [with object] address (someone) in such a way as to express disapproval or disappointment: critics of the administration reproached the president for his failure to tackle the deficiency | [with direct speech] : "You know that isn't true," he reproached her. noun the expression of disapproval or disappointment: he gave her a look of reproach | a farrago of warnings and pained reproaches.
melodramatic
a sensational dramatic piece with exaggerated characters and exciting events intended to appeal to the emotions.
scrupulous
(of a person or process) diligent, thorough, and extremely attentive to details: the research has been carried out with scrupulous attention to detail. • very concerned to avoid doing wrong: she's too scrupulous to have an affair with a married man.
crystalline
having the structure and form of a crystal; composed of crystals: a crystalline rock.
super-rigorous
no result find
resist
withstand the action or effect of: antibodies help us to resist infection. • try to prevent by action or argument: we will continue to resist changes to the treaty. • succeed in ignoring the attraction of (something wrong or unwise): she resisted his advances | I couldn't resist buying the blouse. • [no object] struggle against someone or something: without giving her time to resist, he dragged her off her feet.
definitive
1 (of a conclusion or agreement) done or reached decisively and with authority: a definitive diagnosis. • (of a book or other text) the most authoritative of its kind: the definitive biography of Harry Truman. 2 (of a postage stamp) for general use and typically of standard design, not special or commemorative.
skim
1 [with object] remove (a substance) from the surface of a liquid: as the scum rises, skim it off. • informal steal or embezzle (money), especially in small amounts over a period of time: she was skimming money from the household kitty. • (often as noun skimming) fraudulently copy (credit or debit card details) with a card swipe or other device. 2 [no object, with adverbial of direction] go or move quickly and lightly over or on a surface or through the air: he let his fingers skim across her shoulders. • [with object] read (something) quickly or cursorily so as to note only the important points: he sat down and skimmed the report | [no object] : she skimmed through the newspaper. • (skim over) deal with or treat (a subject) briefly or superficially.
extract
to remove, with effort
subsequently
after a particular thing has happened; afterward
martial
of or appropriate to war; warlike: martial bravery.
congenitally
(especially of a disease or physical abnormality) present from birth: a congenital malformation of the heart. • (of a person) having a particular trait from birth or by firmly established habit: a congenital liar.
spot-on
no result find
cast
put somebody in a role
drape
verb [with object] arrange (cloth or clothing) loosely or casually on or around something: she draped a shawl around her shoulders. • adorn, cover, or wrap (someone or something) loosely with folds of cloth: the body was draped in a blanket. • let (oneself or a part of one's body) rest somewhere in a casual or relaxed way: he draped an arm around her shoulders. • [no object] (of fabric) hang or be able to hang in loose, graceful folds: velvet drapes beautifully. noun 1 (drapes) North American long curtains: Katherine pulled back the heavy velvet drapes. • British informal a man's suit consisting of a long jacket and narrow trousers, as worn by a Teddy boy: teds dressed in Edwardian-style drapes and suede shoes. • a cloth for covering parts of a patient's body other than that part on which a surgical operation is being performed. 2 [in singular] the way in which a garment or fabric hangs: by fixing the band lower down you obtain a fuller drape in the fabric.
banner
noun 1 a long strip of cloth bearing a slogan or design, hung in a public place or carried in a demonstration or procession: a banner in the front window announced "Grand Reopening" | students waved banners and chanted slogans. • a flag on a pole used as the standard of a monarch, army, or knight. • an idea or principle used to rally public opinion: the administration is flying the free trade banner. 2 a heading or advertisement appearing on a web page in the form of a bar, column, or box: to get a new banner now, click Step 1 | [as modifier] : a banner ad.
scatter
to cause to separate and go in different directions
modification
the action of modifying something
impediment
a hindrance or obstruction in doing something: a serious impediment to scientific progress. • (also speech impediment) a defect in a person's speech, such as a lisp or stammer.
sincerity
the quality of being free from pretense, deceit, or hypocrisy: the sincerity of his beliefs is unquestionable.
obstruction
the action of obstructing or the state of being obstructed: they faced obstruction in carrying out their research | walkers could proceed with the minimum of obstruction. • a thing that impedes or prevents passage or progress; an obstacle or blockage: the tractor hit an obstruction. • (in various sports) the action of unlawfully obstructing a player on the opposing team. • Medicine blockage of a bodily passageway, as the intestines. • Law the action of deliberately hindering a legal process.
chronically
(in relation to illness) in a persistent and recurring way: families dealing with a chronically ill child. • in a long-lasting or habitual and problematic way: the office is chronically understaffed | a mission to create jobs for the chronically unemployed.
projected
estimated
genetically
1 in a way that relates to genes or genetics: hair color is genetically determined | a genetically inherited condition. 2 in a way that relates to origin or development: language varieties that are genetically related.
prestigious
inspiring respect and admiration; having high status: a prestigious academic post.
tremendously
to a very great extent: costs vary tremendously from area to area | I have been helped tremendously by my family | [as submodifier] : a tremendously exciting opportunity. • informal in an excellent or impressive way; extremely well: Daniel played tremendously throughout.
inconsiderate
thoughtlessly causing hurt or inconvenience to others
graze
1. (of cattle, sheep, etc.) eat grass in a field: cattle graze on the open meadows. 2. scrape the skin of (a part of the body) so as to break the surface but cause little or no bleeding: she fell down and grazed her knees.
predatory
1 relating to or denoting an animal or animals preying naturally on others: predatory birds. 2 seeking to exploit or oppress others: a life destroyed by predatory biographers and yellow journalists.
snare
1 a trap for catching birds or animals, typically one having a noose of wire or cord. • a thing likely to lure or tempt someone into harm or error: the wickedness and snares of the Devil. 2 a length of wire, gut, or hide stretched across a drumhead to produce a rattling sound. • short for snare drum. verb [with object] catch (a bird or mammal) in a snare. • catch or trap (someone): I snared a passing waiter.
elaborate
adjective involving many carefully arranged parts or details; detailed and complicated in design and planning: elaborate security precautions | elaborate wrought-iron gates. • (of an action) lengthy and exaggerated: he made an elaborate pretense of yawning. verb 1 [with object] develop or present (a theory, policy, or system) in detail: the key idea of the book is expressed in the title and elaborated in the text. • [no object] add more detail concerning what has already been said: he would not elaborate on his news. 2 [with object] Biology (of a natural agency) produce (a substance) from its elements or simpler constituents.
strategy
a plan of action or policy designed to achieve a major or overall aim: time to develop a coherent economic strategy | shifts in marketing strategy.
supplant
(v.) to take the place of, supersede
await
(of a person) wait for (an event): we await the proposals with impatience | prisoners awaiting trial | [as adjective, with submodifier] (awaited) : an eagerly awaited debut. • (of an event or circumstance) be in store for (someone): many dangers await them.
indiscriminately
in a random manner; unsystematically: his armies slaughtered men, women, and children indiscriminately. • in a way that does not show care or judgement: people who are sedentary and who eat indiscriminately.
persist
continue firmly or obstinately in an opinion or a course of action in spite of difficulty, opposition, or failure: the minority of drivers who persist in drinking | we are persisting with policies that will create jobs for the future. • continue to exist; be prolonged: if the symptoms persist for more than a few days, contact your doctor.
pursue
1 follow (someone or something) in order to catch or attack them: the officer pursued the van | figurative : a heavily indebted businessman was being pursued by creditors. • seek to form a sexual relationship with (someone) in a persistent way: Sophie was being pursued by a number of men. • seek to attain or accomplish (a goal), especially over a long period: should people pursue their own happiness at the expense of others? • archaic or literary (of something unpleasant) persistently afflict (someone): mercy lasts as long as sin pursues man. 2 (of a person or way) continue or proceed along (a path or route): the road pursued a straight course over the scrubland. • engage in (an activity or course of action): Andrew was determined to pursue a computer career | the council decided not to pursue an appeal. • continue to investigate, explore, or discuss (a topic, idea, or argument): we shall not pursue the matter any further.
deposition
1 the action of deposing someone, especially a monarch: Edward V's deposition. 2 Law the process of giving sworn evidence: the deposition of four expert witnesses. 3 Law a formal, usually written, statement to be used as evidence. 4 the action of depositing something: pebbles formed by the deposition of calcium in solution.
overlook
1 fail to notice (something): he seems to have overlooked one important fact. 2 have a view of from above: the chateau overlooks fields of corn and olive trees.
inspect
look at (someone or something) closely, typically to assess their condition or to discover any shortcomings: they were inspecting my outside paintwork for cracks and flaws. • examine (someone or something) to ensure that they reach an official standard: customs officers came aboard to inspect our documents.
despondent
(adj.) sad, without hope, discouraged
patron
1 a person who gives financial or other support to a person, organization, cause, or activity: Charles became a patron of Rubens and van Dyck | a celebrated patron of the arts. 2 a customer, especially a regular one, of a store, restaurant, or theater: we surveyed the plushness of the hotel and its sleek, well-dressed patrons.
combustible
able to catch fire easily
deformation
the action or process of changing in shape or distorting, especially through the application of pressure: solid rock undergoing slow deformation.
inherently
in a permanent, essential, or characteristic way: the work is inherently dangerous | his theories are inherently flawed | criticism is inherently threatening.
festive
cheerful and jovially celebratory: the somber atmosphere has given way to a festive mood.
acrobat
1 an entertainer who performs gymnastic feats. 2 a person noted for constant change of mind, allegiance, etc.
envelope
1 a flat paper container with a sealable flap, used to enclose a letter or document. 2 a covering or containing structure or layer: the external envelope of the swimming pool. • the outer metal or glass housing of a vacuum tube, electric light, etc. • the structure within a balloon or nonrigid airship containing the gas. • Microbiology a membrane forming the outer layer of certain viruses. • Electronics a curve joining the successive peaks of a modulated wave. • Mathematics a curve or surface tangent to each of a family of curves or surfaces. • Astronomy the nebulous covering of the head of a comet; coma.
hibernator
(of an animal or plant) spend the winter in a dormant state. • (of a person) remain inactive or indoors for an extended period: the pilots who have been hibernating during the winter months get their gliders out again.
Section 15
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