Go on. Explore!

lvl 0 • 0 xp

lvl 1

Home Market Decks Interests

Biology I - The Heart

memorize.ai (lvl 286)

(0)

20 cards

()

Section 1

Preview this deck

What separates the ventricles from the vasculature?

Front

1 / 20

0.0

0 reviews

5			0
4			0
3			0
2			0
1			0

Active users

All-time users

Favorites

Last updated

6 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (20)

Section 1

(20 cards)

What separates the ventricles from the vasculature?

Front

Semilunar valves Right - pulmonary valve (separates from pulmonary circulation) Left - aortic valve (separates from aorta)

Back

What is the function of the left chambers of the heart (specifically the ventricle) being much more muscular than the right side?

Front

This side has to pump and maintain BP throughout the entire circulatory system, so it must be very strong.

Back

The heart has myogenic activity. What does this mean?

Front

Neurological input is not necessary for heart contraction, though it can speed it up or slow it down (ANS).

Back

Each heartbeat is composed of two phases, the systole and diastole. What are these parts?

Front

Systole - contraction and blood pumped out of the ventricles Diastole - relaxation and blood fills the ventricles.

Back

The heart is a four-chambered muscle composed of two different pumps. What is the function of the right side of the heart? What is another name for this system?

Front

Accept deoxygenated blood and returns it to the lungs via the pulmonary arteries. Pulmonary circulation

Back

T/F The walls of the capillaries are thick

Front

F The walls are thin and delicate, allowing diffusion of gases and wastes.

Back

Which blood vessel contains more smooth muscle?

Front

Arteries, increasing resistance

Back

What is the function of arteries? What do they branch into?

Front

Carry blood away from the heart Arteries→arterioles→capillaries→perfusion into tissue

Back

The heart is a four-chambered muscle composed of two different pumps. What is the function of the left side of the heart? What is another name for this system?

Front

Received oxygenated blood and forces it out into the body through the aorta. Systemic circulation

Back

Why must physicians be wary of deep vein thrombosis in patients sitting for a long time (post-op, for instance)?

Front

Skeletal muscle in the leg helps push blood through the veins up to the venae cavae of the right heart chambers (force of gravity is large to overcome), so immobilization does not allow this blood to move. This can increase the potential for blood clot formation. This has the potential to then travel to the heart and cause pulmonary embolus.

Back

Each side of the heart consists of what? What is the role of each of these structures?

Front

An atrium and ventricle. The atrium receives blood from either the venae cavae (right) or pulmonary veins (left). The atria then contract to send blood to the ventricles, large, muscular chambers that send the blood onward to the lungs (right) or systemic circulation (left).

Back

Muscle cells in the heart contain many intercalated discs. What is unique about this property and what is its function?

Front

These are gap junctions, which allow for coordinated ventricular contraction.

Back

Describe the route of electrical conduction within the heart from beginning to end.

Front

SA node (initiation, generates 60-100 signals per minute) AV node (junction of atria and ventricles) Bundle of His Purkinje fibers

Back

T/F In most cases, blood travels through one capillary bed before returning to the heart. If T, what are the exceptions?

Front

T Hepatic portal system (gut and liver) Hypophyseal portal system (hypothalamus) Renal portal system (kidney)

Back

What is the function of veins? What branches to create a vein?

Front

Carries blood for entry into the venae cavae for entry into the right side of the heart Capillaries→venules→veins

Back

In order to prevent back flow and push blood forward, veins contain what unique structure?

Front

Valves

Back

What is the formula for cardiac output?

Front

CO=HR*SV

Back

What separates the atria from the ventricles? What are the names of these two valves? Think LAB RAT

Front

Atrioventricular valves Left - bicuspid Right - tricuspid

Back

All blood vessels are lined with what type of cell? Why is this important?

Front

Endothelial cell, as these allow vasodilation/constriction chemical release in addition to white blood cell movement during an inflammatory response.

Back

A typical blood pressure is given as 120 mm Hg / 80 mm Hg. Why is the bottom number always lower?

Front

This number is lower because the diastolic pressure decreases due to the relaxing of the ventricles. If not for the elasticity of the walls of the large arteries, which allows pressure to be maintained during this phase, diastolic blood pressure would be zero.

Back