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What three basic forms of government can result depending on how governmental power is distributed geographically, between local and central government within a state

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6 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (19)

Section 1

(19 cards)

What three basic forms of government can result depending on how governmental power is distributed geographically, between local and central government within a state

Front

1) unitary government; 2) federal government; and 3) confederation

Back

Republic

Front

In a republic the sovereign power is held by those eligible to vote, while the political power is exercised by representatives chosen by and held responsible to those citizens

Back

What are the 3 basic forms of government classified based on who can participate in the government

Front

1) Democracies (either direct or indirect where the supreme political authority rest with the people; the people are sovereign); 2) Autocracies; 3)Oligarchies

Back

List characteristics of a dictatorship

Front

1) The government is not accountable for its policies or how they are carried out; 2) all dictatorships are authoritarian - those in control have absolute, unchallengable authority over people; 3) modern dictatorhips are also totalitarian - their power embraces all matters of human concern. Examples: Facist Italy, Nazi Germany, Soviet Union, China

Back

What is the major difference between the Parliamentary and Presidential forms of government

Front

Presidential governments divide power among several branches of government, while parliamentary governments focus power in one dominant branch. Parliamentary government avoids one of the major problems of the presidential form of government: prolonged conflict and sometime deadlock between the executive and legislative branches. Presidential has checks and balances and Parliamentary does not.

Back

What is a majority of the government systems in the world today

Front

Parliamentary by a wide margin.

Back

Confederation

Front

An alliance of independent states where a central organization (the confederate government) handles only those matters that member states assign to it, typcially limited to the fields of defense and trade. A confederate government allower several states to cooperate in matters of common concern but retain separate identities. Ex., European Union

Back

Indirect or Representative Democracy

Front

Indirect democracy is government by popular consent. A small group of people, chosen by the people to act as their representatives, expresses the popular will. These representatives are responsible for daily actions of government and are accountable to the people through elections.

Back

Dictatorship

Front

Exists where those who rule cannot be held responsible to the will of the people. Dictatorship is probably the oldest and most common form of government known to history. Today many dictatorships are run by the military.

Back

Parliamentary Governmnet

Front

The executive is made up of the prime minister or premier, and that official's cabinet. The prime minister and his cabinet are members of the legislative branch called the parliament. Voters elect the legislature. The Chief executive (prime minister) is chosen by the Legislature, is a part of the legislature, and is subject to its direct control. The prime minister chooses his own cabinet.

Back

Federal Government

Front

One in which the powers of government are divided between a central government and several local governments. An authority superior to the central and local governments makes this division of powers on a geographic basis. Both levels of government act directly on the people through their own sets of laws, officials, and agencies. Ex., USA, Australia, Canada, Mexico, Swizterland, Germany, India

Back

Presidential Government

Front

The executive and legislative branches are separate, independent of one another, and coequal. Voters elect the Legislature and the Chief Executive who is part of the Executive Branch. The legislature and executive are independent and coequal.

Back

Oligarchy

Front

Form of government in which the power to rule is held by a small, usually self-appointed elite.

Back

Autocracy

Front

Form of dictatorship government in which a single person holds unlimited political power.

Back

How is power distributed in a presidential government

Front

The chief excutive (president) is chosen independently of the legislature, holds office for a fixed term, and has broad powers not subject to the direct control of the legislative branch. The two branches have powers that allow them to block actions by the other branch.

Back

Unitary Government

Front

Often described as a centralized government where all powers belong to a single, central agency. The central (national) government creates local government units with limited powers. Most governments in the world are Unitary. Ex. Great Britain

Back

How is a Unitary Government different from a Dictatorship

Front

In a unitary form of government, all of the powers held by the government are concentrated in a central government. A dictatorship has a central government that also has all of the power and is controlled by one ruler.

Back

What two forms of government are based on the relationship or distribution of power between the legislative and executive branches

Front

1) presidential; and 2) parlimentary

Back

Direct or Pure Democracy

Front

Direct democracy exists where the will of the people is turned into public policy (law) directly by the people themselves, in mass meetings (example: town hall meetings). Only works in very small communities where people can meet in a central place and problems of government are few and simple. Direct democracy does not exist at the national level anywhere in the world today.

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