Section 1
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Liberty
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Last updated
6 years ago
Date created
Mar 14, 2020
Cards (125)
Section 1
(50 cards)
Liberty
Political value that cherishes freedom from arbitrary exercise of power that constricts individual choice
Lame duck
Term-limited official in his or her last term in office
Veto
Authority of the president to block legislation passed by congress
Pocket Veto
Automatic veto that occurs when congress goes out of session within ten days of submitting a bill to the president and the president has not signed it
Efficacy
Extent to which people believe their actions can affect public affairs and the actions of government
Anarchy
A state in which everyone does as he/she chooses with no regard for others
Block grant
Money from the government that can be used for a wide range of services
State action
Action by a state, as opposed to a private person, that constitutes discrimination
Citizenship
Full-fledged membership in a nation
Infringe
To wrongly limit, restrict or violate something
Categorical grant
Money granted by the government that can only be used for very specific purposes
Oligarchy
Government in which the power to govern is concentrated in the hands of a powerful few, usually wealthy, individuals
Tyranny
Cruel or oppressive rule or government
Appropriate
Congress' power to allocate a set amount of federal dollars for a specific program or agency
Rescind
To take away, void or end
Omnibus Bill
One very large bill that encompasses many separate bills
Polarization
Condition in which differences between parties and/or the public are so stark that disagreement breaks out, fueling attacks and controversy
Autocracy
Government in which the power to govern is concentrated in the hands of an individual ruler
Unfunded mandate
Legal requirements imposed by the government without supplying the resources to accomplish those activities
Exit poll
Poll that surveys a sample of voters immediately after exiting the voting booth to predict the outcome of an election before the ballot are officially counted
Secular
Non-religious
Nation
When people in a country have a sense of common identity due to common origin, history, or ancestry
Espionage
Spying
Monarchy
System of government that assigns power to a single person who inherits the position and rules for life
Socialization
Impact & influence of one's social environment on the views and attitudes one carries in life
Earmark
Federal dollars devoted specifically to a local project in a congressional district or state
Sedition
Creating or encouraging revolt against lawful authority
Order
Political value in which the rule of law is followed and does not permit actions that infringe on the well-being of others
Watchdog
Role of the press in monitoring government actions
Suffrage
the right to vote
Poll tax
Tax on voting
Cohabitation
Living together (as a married couple)
Faction
Any group that places its own interests above the aggregate interests of society
Override
Congress' power to overturn a presidential veto with a two-thirds vote in each chamber
Appeal
Legal proceeding whereby the decision of a lower court on a question of law can be challenged and reviewed by a higher court
Ad hoc
"For this," put together for a specific and temporary purpose
Self-interest
Concern for one's own advantage and well-being
Tracking Poll
Poll that seeks to gauge changes of opinion of the same sample size over a period of time
Ex post facto
"After the fact," law making something illegal after it has happened
Millennials
Generation born between 1982 and 2003
Impeach
To bring charges against
Partisan
Biased in favor of a particular cause; taking a side
Discrimination
The unjust or prejudiced treatment of different categories of people
Filibuster
Tactic of extended speech designed to delay or block passage of a bill in the Senate
Push Poll
Poll that is designed to manipulate the opinions of those being polled
Rationality
Acting in a way that is consistent with one's self-interest
Plea Bargain
Agreement by a criminal defendant to plead guilty in return for a reduced sentence
Boycott
A refusal to buy from
Muckraking
Journalistic practice the investigative reporting that seeks to uncover corruption and wrongdoing
Secede
To formally withdraw from a nation state
Section 2
(50 cards)
14th
The potential for the application of the Bill of Rights to the states began with the passage of the ____ Amendment in 1868, which adds several restrictions on what the states can do.
Socioeconomic Status
_______ is a combined measure of occupation, education, income, wealth, and relative social standing of lifestyle.
Political Identity
The psychological attachment that a person feels to a political party is called ______
Anarchy
Too much freedom can lead to ________, a state in which everyone does as he or she chooses without regard to others.
Liberals
Individuals who fall on the left of the political spectrum
Checks and balances
Each branch has some power over the other two branches
Judicial
The branch of government charged with interpreting the laws
Conservatives
On the right end of the political spectrum, believe that lower taxes will prompt greater economic growth that will ultimately benefit everyone, including the poor
Censorship
___________ is the government's ability to restrict the publication of sensitive material.
Affirmative Action
Policies that grant racial or gender preferences in hiring, education, or contracting are called ______________ programs.
Necessary and Proper
In McCulloch v. Maryland, the Supreme Court ruled that Congress had the power to create a bank due to the ________ clause.
Fire
In a WWI speech case, Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes wrote that speech was not absolute, such as a person does not have the right to falsely shout ________ in a crowded theater.
Fighting Words
__________ are phrases that might lead the individual to whom they are directed to respond with a punch.
3/5 Compromise
Under the _____, states were granted extra representation in the House based on the number of slaves they held.
decreased
Political trust has _______ over the past fifty years.
tyranny
Too much order can lead to ______, a state in which people are not free to make decisions about the private aspects of their lives.
Referendum
________ is a process that allows legislatures to put certain issues on the ballot for citizen approval, such as proposals to borrow money or increase taxes.
Moderates
Most Americans do not see themselves as either conservatives or liberal, but somewhere in the middle of the spectrum
Confederal system
In a _______, independent states grant powers to a national government.
Self-interest
The reason that people tend to vote Republican as their income rises is due to the fact that most people act based on _______.
Separate-but-equal
SCOTUS's ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson established the doctrine of __________
Precedent
Practice of reaching decisions based on the previous decisions of other judges
Civil liberties
Those rights that are so fundamental that they are outside the authority of government to regulate are known as ________
Watergate
The __________ scandal, uncovered by two reporters from the Washington Post, revealed questionable activities in Richard Nixon's administration.
Cloture
Vote that can stop a filibuster and bring debate on a bill to an end
1st
Which amendment to the Constitution protects the freedom of the press?
Symbolic Speech
Nonverbal, activities that convey a political message are referred to as ________
Liberal
In general, women are more _________ than men.
Populist
When someone opposes concentrated wealth and adheres to traditional moral values
Thomas Paine
Who wrote the influential pamphlet Common Sense, calling for independence from Britain?
Federalism
The constitution divides power between the national government and the state governments
Habeas Corpus
The writ of ______ protects the right of individuals who have been arrested and jailed to go before a judge who determines if their imprisonment is legal.
Democracy
_______ is rule by the people
Equality of outcome
The expectation that incomes will level out & standards of living will be the same for all citizens
Unitary system
In a ________, virtually all power goes to the national government.
Legislative
The branch of government that makes laws
Jim Crow
_________ laws were used by southern states to enforce segregation of whites and blacks in public place.
Supremacy
The _______ clause makes the Constitution of the United States, plus all laws and treaties made under the Constitution, superior to state law.
Random sample
___________ is a method of selection that gives everyone who might be selected to participate in a poll an equal chance to be included.
Election of Senators and Electoral College
The Framers did not trust the people, so they created which two important gates against popular influence?
Stonewall Inn
The modern homosexual civil rights movement began when police raided the ________
Political Ideology
A set of coherent beliefs that offers a philosophy for thinking about the scope of government is called _______
Recall
Organizers opposed Wisconsin Governor Walker's agenda, particularly his limiting of collective bargaining rights for state employees, and they collected over 900,000 signatures to get him out of office. This process is called _____
Civil Rights
_______ are rights related to the duties of citizenship and the opportunities for participation in civic life that the government is obliged to protect.
10th
All powers not granted to Congress remain with the states, as made explicit in the _____ Amendment.
Discrimination
Businesses refusing to serve or hire people on the basis on their race, sex, sexual orientation, or national origin is an example of ________
concurrent powers
Powers held by both the national and state governments in a federal system are called ____
federal system
A system of government in which sovereignty is constitutionally divided between the national and state governments is known as
1944
In ________, SCOTUS endorse President F.D. Roosevelt's plan that sent 110,000 people of Japanese ancestry to relocation camps.
Equality of opportunity
The expectation that all citizens are treated equally before the law and have a chance to participate in government.
Section 3
(25 cards)