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AP PHYSICS 1 CONCEPTS

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Section 1

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free-body (or force) diagram

Front

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Physics

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Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (44)

Section 1

(44 cards)

free-body (or force) diagram

Front

Diagram showing all forces acting on an object

Back

kinetic friction

Front

occurs when there is relative motion (when there's sliding)

Back

F (kinetic friction) =

Front

(µ)(N)

Back

uniform circular motion

Front

-speed is constant - velocity is not constant because the direction of velocity is always changing -in order to produce acceleration there must be a force towards the center

Back

displacement

Front

change in position

Back

gravitational force

Front

r is the distance between the two objects F = G (mM)/(r^2)

Back

universal gravitational constant (G)=

Front

6.67 x 10^-11 N (m^2)/(kg^2)

Back

area between the graph and the t axis on a velocity-versus-time graph

Front

object's displacement

Back

slope of velocity-versus-time graph

Front

acceleration

Back

equilibrium

Front

- sum of all forces acting on an object is 0: F net=0

Back

kinetic energy

Front

the energy of an object due to motion KE = (1/2) m v^2

Back

weight (of an object)

Front

the gravitational force exerted on it by the Earth or whatever planet W = mg

Back

friction force

Front

the component of the contact force that's parallel to the surface

Back

static equilibrium

Front

an object is at rest

Back

acceleration

Front

(change in velocity) / (time) △v/△t

Back

position

Front

location in some point in space

Back

vector

Front

quantity that involves both magnitude and direction

Back

inertia

Front

the property of objects to naturally resist changes in their states of motion

Back

newton's law of gravitation

Front

any two objects in the universe exert an attractive force on each other called the gravitational force

Back

F (static friction, max) =

Front

( µ )(N) (coefficient of friction) x (normal force)

Back

elastic potential energy

Front

Us= (1/2) kx^2

Back

potential energy

Front

the energy an object or system has by virtue of its position Ug - gravitational potential energy △Ug= mg△h

Back

kinematics

Front

mathematical tools for describing motion in terms of displacement, velocity, and acceleration

Back

centripetal acceleration

Front

centripetal= towards the center * if a question has circular motion and asks about speed, set up with N2L and use this acceleration * a = (v^2)/r

Back

Newton's third law

Front

for every action there is an equal but opposite reaction (action / reaction pair)

Back

Newton's second law

Front

F = ma

Back

power

Front

the rate at which one does work given by P = (W/t) or P = (Fv)

Back

work at an angle

Front

- only component of force in direction of motion does any work - a force applied perpendicular to direction of motion does ZERO work W = Fdcos ø

Back

average speed formula

Front

(total distance) / (time)

Back

work

Front

-scalar -if a force F acts over a distance d and F is parallel to d, then the work done by F is the product of force and distance W=Fd

Back

average velocity

Front

(displacement) / (time) △x/△t

Back

normal force

Front

component of force that's perpendicular to the surface

Back

law of conservation of total energy

Front

Ki + Ui = Kf +Uf (initial mechanical energy Ei = final mechanical energy Ef)

Back

total mechanical energy

Front

the sum of an object's kinetic and potential energies, denoted by E E = KE + PE

Back

newton

Front

(kg) (m/s^2) unit of force

Back

Newton's first law

Front

an object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will stay in constant velocity unless a net force acts on it (law of inertia)

Back

work energy theorem

Front

Work equals the change in kinetic energy of an object W = ∆ KE

Back

velocity

Front

speed with a direction

Back

slope of position-versus-time graph

Front

velocity

Back

scalar

Front

a quantity that does not involve a direction

Back

µ

Front

coefficient of friction

Back

centripetal force

Front

* this is N2L with centripetal accel substituted in *

Back

static friction

Front

occurs when there is no motion between two objects (friction that holds an object still)

Back

gravity

Front

9.8 (m/s^2)

Back