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Section 1

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Cache Design Problems

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iOS Dev

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6 years ago

Date created

Mar 14, 2020

Cards (31)

Section 1

(31 cards)

Cache Design Problems

Front

Cache size and replacement policy Cache Size: How much do you have to hold? How much $ do you have? How long to retrieve information? How much energy/power do you have?

Back

SaaS

Front

Network hosted application; consumers purchase the ability to access and use the application; consumer cannot manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure

Back

Single Threaded Process

Front

A single-threaded process has one program counter specifying the next instruction to execute

Back

Trap

Front

Software Interrupt

Back

Virtual Memory

Front

a technique that allows the execution of a process that is not completely in memory

Back

Symmetric Multiprocessing Architecture

Front

-All processors are peers -All work on the same tasks

Back

Multiprocessor Advantages

Front

-Increased throughput -Economy of scale -Increased reliability

Back

Kernel Mode

Front

It is desirable to distinguish when the OS is running user code versus kernel code. Some instructions are designated as privileged, only to be executable when the OS is in kernel mode. Therefore, the user code must do a system call that changes the mode to kernel mode. In this way, the OS controls what code can be executed (in user mode?/ by the user???)

Back

Direct Memory Access

Front

Direct memory access is when a device transfers a block of data to or from its own buffer to memory without the help of the CPU

Back

Device-status Table

Front

contains entry for each I/O device indicating its type, address, and state

Back

Bootstrap Program

Front

-loaded at power-up or reboot -Known as firmware (stored on ROM) -Initializes all aspects of system -Loads the OS kernel and starts execution

Back

Real Time OS Requirements

Front

-Fixed time constraints -Process Sensor Inputs -Control devices

Back

Operating System Goals

Front

-Execute user programs and make solving user problems easier -Make the computer system convenient to use -Use the computer hardware in an efficient manner

Back

Bit, Byte, Word, ....

Front

Back

Asymmetric Clustering

Front

one machine is in hot-standby mode while the other is running the applications. The hot-standby host machine does nothing but monitor the active server. If that server fails, the hot-standby host becomes the active server

Back

System View

Front

-Maximize utilization -Protect the system from malicious or non-malicious users

Back

Symmetric Clustering

Front

two or more hosts are running applications and are monitoring each other

Back

Interrupt Vector

Front

contains the addresses of all the service routines

Back

System Call

Front

request to the operating system to allow user to wait for I/O completion

Back

Process

Front

A program loaded into memory and executing

Back

Iaas

Front

(Infrastructure as a Service) Consumers has the ability to provision processing, storage, networks, and other fundamental computing resources; consumer cannot manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure but can control the operating systems, storage and deployed applications

Back

Asymmetric Multiprocessing

Front

-Each processor is assigned a specific task -A boss professor controls the system telling the others what to do

Back

Swapping

Front

Moving programs in and out of memory

Back

PaaS

Front

Consumer has the ability to deploy their own applications onto the cloud infrastructure; consumer cannot manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure

Back

Multiprogramming

Front

organizes jobs (code and data) so CPU always has one to execute

Back

Interrupt

Front

Signal of the occurrence of an event

Back

Multi-Threaded Process

Front

has one program counter per thread

Back

User View

Front

-Ease of use -Does not care about utilization

Back

Kernel

Front

The one program running at all times on the computer

Back

OS Process Management Activities

Front

-Creating and deleting both user and system processes -Suspending and resuming processes -Providing mechanisms for process synchronization -Providing mechanisms for process communication -Providing mechanisms for deadlock handling

Back

Interpretation

Front

When computer language not compiled to native code

Back