Section 1
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Cards (106)
Section 1
(50 cards)
domain
All possibles input values ( x values )
Integers
(..... -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, ....)
Associtive property
Sum or product of terms has the same value, regardless of how the terms are grouped. Example:2x+(3+y)=(2x+3)+y
equation of a vertical line
the equation of a vertical line is always x = a number such as x = -5
inequality
A mathematical statement containing one of the symbols <,>,_<,_> etc... to indicate the relationship between two quantities.
Equation
A mathematical statement with variables and contains an equal sign
Coefficient
The numerical factor of a term in a polynomial. Example: 14 is the coefficient in the term 14x
Solution to a system of inequalities
Shaded region where two inequalities intersect
Horizontal shift of a function
f(x - h) or f(x + h)
Exponential Decay
An amount is multiplied by a number less than one every period time. Represented by y = a(b^X) where a is the initial value and b is the rate.
correlation coefficient
"r value"; between -1 and 1. The further away from Zero, the stronger the relationship between the two variables
Base
The number that is going to be raised to a power.
Histogram
A type of graph for 1 variable quantitative data. The horizontal axis is a number line that displays the data in equal intervals. The frequency of each bar is shown on the vertical axis
Distributive Property
A property of real numbers that states that the product of a number and the sum or difference of two numbers is the same as the sum or difference of their products. Example: 2(3 + x) = 2(x)
axis of symmetry
x=-b/2a; Axis of symmetry is ALWAYS on equation x= _________ The x value in a vertex of a parabola
Hypotenuse
The side of a right triangle opposite the right angle; the longest side of a right triangle.
interquartile range
the difference between Q1 and Q3
absolute value function
a function written in the form y = /x/, and the graph is always in the shape of a v
cubic
a function with x raised to a power of 3
Factor form
y= (x - r)(x -s); shows the roots of a parabola
Closure
An operation is said to be closed if the output is the same type as the input. Example: Positive numbers are closed under addition because when you add two positive numbers the result is a positive number
Absolute Value
InI is the distance from 0 to a number n on a number line. Ex I-3I=3 and I5I=5
expression
A mathematical statement with variables and constants but which does not contain any relation symbol (<,>,=,....) FActor completely Make sure to look for GCF's to factor! Use slide divide bottoms up if the leading coefficient is still not equal to one after factoring out a GCF
Definition of "to solve"
To find the value of a variable that makes an equation true. For example you solve x - 2 + 4
Dot Plot
number line with a dot for each data point above it
exponential growth
An amount is multiplied by a number greater than one every period of time. Represented by y = a(x^x) where a is the initial value and b is the rate
casual relationship
Does one variable CAUSE the other variable. Remember, correlation doesn't mean causation!
cumulative frequency table
A table that shows how often each item, number, or range of numbers occurs in a set of data. This table displays the total number of scores that fall into each of several cumulative intervals. The cumulative intervals are created by adding the preceding tallies (of lower scores) to the new tallies for each interval
function
each input can only have on output! Formally: A rule that assigns to each number x in the function's domain a unique number f(x).
degree of a polynomial
The highest exponent value in the polynomial
difference of perfect squares
A binomial of the form a ^ 2 - b ^ @ which can be factored into (a - b)(a + b)
average rate of change
Change in y over changes in x; make a table using your graphing calculator to help!
frequency table
A table that shows how often each item, number, or range of numbers occurs in a data set.
factor(verb)
Break an expression into it's multiplicative parts. "unmultiply"
Correlation
A measure of the relationship between two variables
bivariate data
Data involving two seperate things being measured (Ex:height and age of the group of students)
five number summary
Minimum, 1st quartile , median, 3rd quartile, and maximum
arithmetic sequence
a sequence in which each term is found by adding the same number to the previous term
exponent
a number that tells how many times the base should be multiplied by itself
algebraic solution
This means you need to solve the problem using variables and equations. Guess and check, graphing calculators, or other solution methods will earn partial credit
Binomial
A polynomial with two terms Ex:(x+4)
exponential function
An function with a variable in the exponent. Has a multiplicative rate of change
identities
equations that are true for all values they contain. Example x + 2 = 2 + x
coordinate pair
(x,y)
Elimination
Method for solving a system of equations. Add the equations together to get a variable to cancel out.
equation of a horizontal line
the equation of a vertical line is always y = a number such as y = -5
Commutative Property
The property that says that two or more numbers can be added or multiplied in any order without changing the result.
Definition of "to factor"
To break a number or expression down into its multiplicative parts. For example you factor x ^ 2 + 5X + 6 as (x+2)(x+3)
geometric sequence
Sequence where the rate of changes is multiplicative; Look on your formula sheet for the general form Greatest common factor (GCF) The greatest number, polynomial, or quantity divides two or more numbers or algebraic expressions evenly
box and whisker plot
Section 2
(50 cards)
Pythagorean triple
Whole numbers that satisfy the pythagorean theorem
vertex form of a quadratic equation
y=a(x-h)^2 + k; (h,k) is the vertex
product
The result of multiplication
mode
The most frequent number in a data set
Scatter plot
A solution to an equation of the form f(x) = 0; find an a graph by looking at the y-intercepts OR by using factoring to solve OR by using the quadratic formula
right triangle
These are the domain values that would make a function undefined. Ex f(x) = 1/x x would be restricted so that x can't be equal to zero
Quantitative
Descriptions using word categories such as favorite color, type of eye color, or name
Restriction on the domain of a graph
Actual value- predicted value; A linear model is a good fit if the graph of these is random
measures of central tendency
A summary statistic that indicates the typical vale or center of an organized data set. The three most common measures of central tendency are the mean, an organized data set. The three most common measures of central tendency are the mean, mode, and median
simplest radical form
Displays the relationship between two variables. Do NOT connect the lines
leading coefficient
"The coefficient of the first term of a polynomial when the the polynomial is in standard form. % is the leading coefficient of 5x ^ 2- 9x + 7
irrational numbers
numbers that can't be written as a fraction
recursive function
All the numbers on the number line
perimeter
Add up all the sides to find the length around a shape
Substitution
Method for solving systems of equations. Get a variable by itself and plug it into the other equation
polynomial
A sum of monomials (2 or more terms)
range
Breaks a data set into 4 equal bins each with 25%
monominal
A polynomial with one term (it has a coefficient and a variable)
system of equations/inequalities
(x , y) that satisfy all equations or inequalities
standard form of a quadratic
y = ax ^ 2 + bx + c; shows the y intercept of a parabola
solution of a system of equations
All solutions written in curly brackets Ex if x = 0 or x = -3 the solution set is x = {0, -3}
linear function
A function with a constant rate of change; often in the form y = mx + b
Median
Middle value in a data set
RANGE of a data set
All possible output values (y values)
What does the graph of an absolute value function look like
V or down V
Parabola
U shaped made by a quadratic function
vertex
The maximum or minimum point of a parabola
real numbers
Maximum # - Minimum #
What does a Quadratic Graph Look like
PARABOLA - The U shaped graph with a point (vertex) at the bottom or top
literal equation
An equation that contains more than one variable. Ex: 2a + 3y = c
residual
Function that goes step by step. Start with f(1) then find f(2)
mean
Another name for average. Add all the numbers and divide by how many there are (or get your calculator to do it for you!)
proportional
Two variables are proportional if they maintain a constant rate of change and include the point (0,0)
slope
Use factors tree to find the most simplified version of a square root
square root function
function with a square root; use graphing calculator to visualize
Vertical shift of a function
f(x) + k or f(x) - k
Trinomial
A polynomial with three terms
Multiplication Property of zero
For every number a, 0 ~ a = 0 and a ~ 0 = 0
line of best fit
A line used to approximate and generalize the linear relationship between the independent and dependent variables for a set of data.
parallel lines
Sme slope differently y intercept
Univariate
A data set involving one variable
roots of an equation
Go to your formula sheet and use the pythagorean theorem
turning point
Another name for the vertex of a parabola
standard form of a quadratic equation
y = ax ^ 2 + bx + c; a tells you weather the parabola opens up or down
Sum
The result of addition
Quartile
Descriptions using numerical measures such as quantity, height, or age
solution of a system of linear inequalities
Point(s) where two equations intersect
solution set
Constant rate of change: changes in y over change in x Slope intercept form a of a line
Point slope form of a line
y - y1 = m(x - x1) where m is the slope and (x1, y1) is a point on the graph
Qualitative
A function with an x ^ 2 term
Section 3
(6 cards)