Section 1
Preview this deck
a twisting of the bowel on itself that may lead to obstruction is termed a) intussusception b) colitis c) appendicitis d) volvulus
Front
| 5 | 0 | ||
| 4 | 0 | ||
| 3 | 0 | ||
| 2 | 0 | ||
| 1 | 0 |
Active users
0
All-time users
0
Favorites
0
Last updated
6 years ago
Date created
Mar 14, 2020
Cards (124)
Section 1
(50 cards)
a twisting of the bowel on itself that may lead to obstruction is termed a) intussusception b) colitis c) appendicitis d) volvulus
d) volvulus
A common disorder of intestinal motor activity in which fluid and gas don't progress normally through an unobstructed bowel is called? a) regional enteritis b) adynamic ileus c) intussusception d) ischemic colitis
b) adynamic ileus
What condition most commonly occurs in children who are severely dehydrated? a)nephrolithiasis b) Glomerulonephritis c) pyelonephritis d) Renal vein thrombosis
d) Renal vein thrombosis
what is the most common abdominal neoplasm of infancy and childhood? a) hypernephroma b) wilms' tumor c) polycystic kidneys d) renal cell carcinoma
b) wilm's tumor
what is an ectopic kidney? a) a third rudimentary kidney b) a kidney that is not located in the normal location c) a kidney that is enlarged because it has to do the job of both kidneys d) the most common type of fusion anomaly
b) a kidney hat is not located in the normal location
Rare anomaly in which there is a third, rudimentary kidney is termed: a) an ectopic kidney b) compensatory hypertrophy c) hypoplastic kidney d) supernumerary kidney
d) supernumerary kidney
Varicose eins of the lower end of the rectum that cause symptoms of pain, itching, and bleeding are: a) volvulus b) intussusception c) hemorrhoids d) crohn's disease
c) hemorrhoids
heat and redness associated with inflammation is produced by: a) hyperemia b) scar tissue c) hyperplasia d) infarction
a) hyperemia
where in the colon do most primary cancers arise a) in preexisting polyps b) in diverticula c) in the perianal area d) in the ileocecal valve
a) in preexisting polyps
What is the functional unit of the Kidney? a) lobule b) Nephron c) glomerulus d) ureterocele
b) Nephron
what is the most common unifocal mass of the kidney? a) staghorn calculus b) hypernephroma c) hephroclacinosis d) renal cyst
d) renal cyst
what is the most common type of fusion anomaly? a) horseshoe kidney b) crossed ectopia c) doughnut kidney d) unilateral renal agenesis
a) horseshoe kidney
what is the cause of hydronephrosis a)chronic glomerulonephritis b) blockage above the level of the bladder c) staghorn calculus d) aldosterone deficiency
b) blockage above the level of the bladder
which of these is a common symptom of a renal neoplasm? a)hydronephrosis b)Painless hematuria c)proteinuria d) renal neoplasms are asymptomatic
b) painless hematuria
stone formation in the bladder occurs primarily in _____ with obstruction or infection of the lower urinary tract. a) children b) young adults c) elderly males d) diabetic persons.
c) elderly males
what is intussusception? a) a twisting of the bowel on itself b) a type of inflammatory bowel disease of unknown cause, but with an associated psychogenic element c) acquired herniation of the mucosa and submucosa of the intestinal wall d) the telescoping of one part of the intestinal tract into another
d) the telescoping of one part of the intestinal tract into another
suppurative infection of kidney and renal pelvis
pyelonephritis
acquired tracheoesophageal(TE) fistulas are commonly caused by: a) Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) b) Barrett's esophagus c) Malignancy in the mediastinum d) Portal hypertension
Malignancy in the mediastinum
what term is applied to a renal calculus that completely fills the renal pelvis? a) pelvolithiasis b) staghorn calculus c) pelvocalcinosis d)Nephrocalcinosis
b) staghorn calculus
What is esophageal atresia? a) an abnormal communication between the esophagus and the respiratory system b) dilated, tortuous veins of the esophagus c) functional obstruction causing proximal dilatation d) congenital condition in which the esophagus ends in a blind pouch
d) congenital condition in which the esophagus ends in a blind pouch
A condition of acquired herniations of mucosa and submucosa through muscular layers at points of weaknesses of the bowel wall is known as: a) diverticulosis b) ulcerative colitis c) crohn's colitis d) volvulus
a) diverticulosis
Which condition is most commonly found in children with ureteral duplication? a) Renal cyst b) Ureterocele c) papillary necrosis d) staghorn calculus
b) ureterocele
Which imaging procedure is used to detect esophageal carcinoma? a)CT b)NM c)US d)Double-contrast barium swallow
d) double-contrast barium swallow
a disease process caused by the physician or their treatment is this type of process a) idiopathic b) iatrogenic c) neoplasia d) community acquired
b) iatrogenic
what is the imaging modality of choice to diagnose renal vein thrombosis? a)CT b)MRI c)US d) exretory urography
c) ultrasound
what is the most common cause of acute esophagitis? a) TE fistula b) Gastroesophageal reflux c) Infection d) Malignancy
b) GERD
A chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown cause that often affects the terminal ileum is called: a) crohn's disease b) malabsorption syndrome c) diverticulosis d) gastritis
a) Crohn's disease
which imaging modality is used to stage gastric carcinoma a) ultrasound b) upper GI series c) CT d) MRI
c) CT
which of the following is a major cause of bowel obstruction in children? a)volvulus b) intussusception c) abdominal surgery d) intraluminal neoplasm
b) intussusception
Inflammation of the urinary bladder
cystitis
What condition is associated with severe reflux esophagititis? a) varices b) barrett's esophagus c)traction diverticula d) TE fistula
b) barrett's esophagus
which type of diverticula arises from the posterior wall of the cervical esophagus a) traction b) pulsion c) zenkers d) epiphrenic
c) zenker's
The most common type of congenital TE fistula is: a) Type 1 b) type 2 c) type 3 d) type 4
c) type 3
what is the most common cause of dilated veins in the walls of the esophagus? a) abnormal function of the lower esophageal sphincter b) reflux of abdominal contents into the esophagus c) portal hypertension d) weakness in the vessel wall
c) portal hypertension
which of the following is strongly correlatd with esophageal carcinoma? a)Excessive alcohol intake b) smoking c) portal hypertension
A&B
Aminiature replica of a kidney is termed? a) Ectopic kidney b) hypoplastic kidney c) compensatory hypertrophy d) supernumerary kidney
b) hypoplastic kidney
what is the most common abnormality foud on upper GI exams? a) hiatal hernia b) esophageal varices c) esophageal diverticula d) gastric ulcer
a) hiatal hernia
which of the following technical adjustments are required when imaging a patient with known obstruction of the large bowel? a) increase in kVp b) Decrease in kVp c) increase in kVp and double mAs d) decrease in kVp and half mAs
b) decrease in kVp
A suppurative inflammatory process of the kidney and renal pelvis is termed: a) glomerulonephritis b)papillary necrosis c) cystitis d) pyelonephritis
d) pyelonephritis
a destructive condition involving the terminal portion of the renal pyramids
papillary necrosis
What term is applied to an acquired condition that occurs when one kidney is required to do the job of two? a) supernumerary kidney b) crossed ectopia c) compensatory hypertrophy d) Hypoplastic kidney
c) compensatory hypertrophy
Perforation of the esophagus may be a complication of all of the following except: a) neoplasm b) instrumentation c) peptic ulcer d) hiatal hernia
d) hiatal hernia
Which imaging modality is the gold standard for appendicitis? a) radiography (KUB) b) fluoroscopy (barium enema) c) CT d) MRI
c) ct
progressive shortening and rigidity of the colon and absent haustral patterns are radiographic evidence of a) appendicitis b) diverticulosis c) diverticulitis d) chronic ulcerative colitis
d) chronic ulcerative colitis
the initial response of body tissues to local injury is: a) infection b) ischemia c) Edema d) inflammation
d) inflammation
A rare anomaly in which a kidney fails to develop is called: a) unilateral renal agenesis b)hypoplastic kidney c) compensatory hypertrophy d) supernumerary kidney
a) unilateral renal agenesis
which imaging modality is the safest ad most accurate in detecting renal calculi? a) Ultrasound b) Excretory urography c) noncontrast helical CT d)MRI
c) noncontrast helical CT
Cystic dilatation of the distal ureter near its insertion into the urinary bladder is called a: a) ureterocele b) pyelonephritis c) ureteral aneurysm d) renal cyst
a) ureterocele
which type of severe infection occurs almost exclusively in diabetic patients and causes acute necrosis of the entire kidney? a) cystitis b) papillary necrosis c) glomerulonephritis d) Emphysematous pyelonephritis
d) emphysematous pyelonephritis
nonsuppurative inflammation of the tuft of the capillaries inthe bowman's capsule
glomerulonephritis
Section 2
(50 cards)
Carbuncles
Group of infected hair follicles that form a lump containing pus, often caused by staphylococcus aereus
The study of neoplasms or tumors is: a) pathology b) radiology c) oncology d) etiology
c) oncology
swelling
Tumor
A subcutaneous hematoma greater than 1 to 2 cm is called an: a) purpura b) ecchymosis c) petechia d) infarct
b) ecchymosis
vesicles
small blister less than .5 cm in diameter
discoid lupus erythematosus
Photosensitive scaly plaque-like superficial eruption of the skin heals with scarring
to determine the most appropriate therapy, the disease process must be: a) seeded b) staged c) graded d) phased
b) staged
New growths that invade and destroy adjacent structures and have the ability to spread are considered: a) neoplastic b) benign c) cachexia d) Malignant
d) malignant
hematoma
Accumulation of blood in the tissue
kaposi's sarcoma
malignant, vascular growth characterized by cutaneous nodules
Pediculosis
Lice infestation
tumors closely resembling their cells of origin in structure and function are: a) malignant b) benign c) Cancerous d) dysplastic
b) benign
depriving tissues of oxygen and nutrients caused by an arterial vessel narrowing is referred to as: a) ischemia b) petechiae c) filariasis d) gangrene
a) ischemia
acne vulgaris
build up of sebum & keratin in the skin
purpura
larger areas of bleeding into the skin
Pain
Dolor
basal cell carcinoma
malignant tumor in the basal layer of the epidermis
alopecia
baldness or loss of hair
In pyogenic infections, the body responds by producing a thick, yellow fluid called: a) Bacteria b) pus c) exudate d) a scar
b) Pus
Profound and sustained impairment of cellular immunity resulting in recurrent or sequential opportunistic infections is characteristic of: a) hepatitis b) histamine release c) AIDS d) Cytotoxic reactions
c) AIDS
the latin word for new growth is a) tumor b) seeding c) neoplasia d) ecchymosis
c) neoplasia
Psoriasis
Increased rate of growth of the basal layer in the epidermis, characterized b itchy scaly red plaques covered by silvery gray scales
keloid
Thickened scar due to excessive formation during healing
when increased function of an organ is required, the term ____ is used. a) neoplastic b) hypotrophy c) hyperplasia d) hypertrophy
d) hypertrophy
PPE involves: a) using the correct personal protective equipment b) minimizing exposure to healthcare workers c) following the CDC and prevention's standard precautions d) utilizing all the information in answers a @ c
a) using the correct PPE and following the CDC prevention's standard precautions
cold sores
Cause by the herpes simplex virus fluid filled vesicles form and erupt
hemorrhage
rupture of a blood vessel
tinea pedis
fungal infection of the foot "athlete's foot"
all pyogens have the ability to enter the blood circulation causing: a) bacteremia b) phagocytosis c) septicemia d) keloid tissue
a) bacteremia
Exposure to radiation, chemicals , or viruses may result in alterations in the DNA called: a) mutations b) reduced penetrance c) variable expressivity d) aberrations
a) mutations
Diffuse spread of malignant neoplasms by invasion into a natural body cavity is: a) tumor grading b)staging c) seeding d) lymphatic spread
c) seeding
petechiae
minimal bleeding in the skin or mucous membrane
polyp
abnormal growth of tissue projecting from a mucous membrane
Atopic dermatitis (eczema)
hypersensitivity of the skin and is often hereditary common in children
systemic lupus erythematosus
chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of the collagen in skin, joint and organs, butterfly pattern of redness on the face is common
Viral infection or reactions to drugs and toxins are the most common causes of: a) AIDS b) Hepatitis c) human immunodeficiency virus d) pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
b) hepatitis
localized____ is produced in an inflammatory reaction as a result of a fluid accumulation. a) filariasis b) edema c) elephantiasis d) Fibrous adhesions
b) edema
An inflammation associated with pus formation is: a) bacteremia b) phagocytosis c) suppurative d) hyperemia
c) suppurative
pustule
small collection of pus in the top layer of skin
scleroderma
chronic progressive autoimmune disease of the skin & internal organs
An accumulation of blood trapped within the body tissues is known as an: a) hematoma b) ecchymosis c) petechiae d) pleural effusion
a) hematoma
Heat
Calor
melanoma
Cancerous growth composed of melanocytes
impetigo
bacterial inflammatory disease characterized by vesicles and crusted over lesions very contagious and common in children
redness
Rubor
When cells fail to develop and as a result the organ is small in size, the organ is considered: a) hypoplastic b) dysplastic c) hyperplastic d) anaplastic
a) hypoplastic
Assessing the aggressiveness or degree of malignancy is referred to as: a) staging b) grading c) seeding d) metastatic
b) grading
Ecchymosis
Large ( greater than 1 TO 2) subcutaneous bruise
A localized area of ischemic necrosis within a tissue or organ produced by vascular occlusion is an a) gangrene b) infarct c) purpura d) ecchymosis
b) infarct
When a reduction in the size or number of cells in an organ occurs, this results in: a) aplasia b) atrophy c) hypoplasia d) dysplasia
b) atrophy
Section 3
(24 cards)