Section 1
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Qin Shihuangdi
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Last updated
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Date created
Mar 1, 2020
Cards (90)
Section 1
(50 cards)
Qin Shihuangdi
Literally "first emperor" (r. 221-210 B.C.E.) forcibly united China and established a strong and repressive state.
Aristotle
A Greek philosopher (384-322 B.C.E.) who stressed the importance of using empirical evidence to explain the natural world
Upanishads
Indian mystical and philosophical works, written between 800 and 400 B.C.E.
Cyrus (the Great)
Founder of the Achaemenid Empire (r. 557-530 B.C.E.); a ruler noted for his conquests, religious tolerance, and political moderation.
Alexander the Great
Leader of Macedon (356-323 B.C.E.), who conquered Persia and Egypt, creating an empire that merged several cultures.
Vedas
The earliest religious texts of India, a collection of ancient poems, hymns, and rituals that were transmitted orally before being written down ca. 600 B.C.E.
Legalism
A Chinese philosophy distinguished by an adherence to clear laws with vigorous punishments.
Han Fei
Founder of legalism, a system justifying rule by a strong authority
Jesus of Nazareth
The prophet/god of Christianity(ca. 4 B.C.E.-ca. 30 C.E.).
Gupta
Empire that promoted Hinduism and under which India entered a "golden age" of culture.
Peter
One of the 12 Apostles who made Rome the center of Christianity and is known as the first pope.
Karma
In Hinduism, the determining factor of the level at which the individual is reincarnated, based on purity of action and fulfillment of duty in the prior existence.
Constantine
Roman emperor of the 4th century CE who legalized Christianity.
plebians
Members of the general citizenry of ancient Rome. It included all citizens not connected to one of Rome's privileged families. They had little real power.
Appian Way (Via Appia)
One of the earliest and strategically most important Roman roads of the ancient republic
Peloponnesian War
Great war between Athens (and allies) and Sparta (and allies), lasting from 431 to 404 B.C.E. The conflict ended in the defeat of Athens and the closing of Athens's Golden Age.
Samarkand
Important trading city that benefited from it's position along the silk roads.
Filial piety
The honoring of one's ancestors and parents, a key element of Confucianism.
Han dynasty
Chinese dynasty that restored unity in China, pacified the xiongnu, and set up the civil service exams to create competent bureaucrats to administer the empire.
Daoism
A Chinese philosophy/popular religion that advocates simplicity and understanding of the world of nature, founded by the legendary figure Laozi.
Alexandria
An important center of the Hellenistic civilization best known for the Lighthouse and largest library in the ancient world
Mandate of Heaven
The ideological underpinning of Chinese emperors, this was the belief that a ruler held authority by command of divine force as long as he ruled morally and benevolently.
Nirvana
The end goal of Buddhism, in which individual identity is "extinguished" into a state of serenity and great compassion.
Bhagavad Gita
A great Hindu epic text, part of the much larger Mahabharata, which affirms the performance of caste duties as a path to religious liberation.
Wudi
Han emperor (r. 141-86 B.C.E.) who began the Chinese civil service system by establishing an academy to train imperial bureaucrats.
Solon
Athenian statesman and lawmaker (fl. 594-560 B.C.E.) whose reforms led the Athenians toward democracy.
Hellenistic
The spread of Greek culture throughout Afro-Eurasia from 323 to 30 B.C.E by Alexander the Great and hsi political successors.
Mauryan Empire
Paul
Follower of Jesus who helped spread Christianity by preaching to both Jews and non-Jews and speaking to large audiences throughout the Roman Empire.
Persepolis
The capital and greatest palace-city of the Persian Empire, destroyed by Alexander the Great.
Pax Romana
The "Roman peace," a term typically used to denote the stability and prosperity of the early Roman Empire, especially in the first and second centuries C.E.
Plato
Philosopher who believed the wisest men should rule. He introduced the idea that human misery due to their not engaging properly with a class of entities he called forms, chief examples of which were Justice, Beauty, and Equality.
Mahayana
A form of Buddhism popular in East Asia that
Ashoka
The most famous ruler of the Mauryan Empire (r. 268-232 B.C.E.), who promoted Buddhism and practiced religious tolerance.
Caesar Augustus
The great-nephew and adopted son of Julius Caesar who emerged as sole ruler of the Roman state at the end of an extended period of civil war (r. 31 B.C.E.-14 C.E.).
Hinduism
A word derived from outsiders to describe the vast diversity of indigenous Indian religious traditions.
Theravada
"The Teaching of the Elders," the early form of Buddhism according to which the Buddha as a wise teacher but not divine and which emphasizes withdrawal from earthly pleasures in order to achieve nirvana
Buddhism
The cultural/religious tradition first enunciated by Siddhartha Gautama
Hippocrates
A very influential Greek medical theorist (ca. 460-ca. 370 B.C.E.); regarded as the father of medicine.
Ptolemaic Empire
Dynasty of Egypt founded by descendants of Macedonian generals. They promoted science, greek learning, and trade.
Pataliputra
Located at the confluence of the Ganges and Son Rivers in northeastern India. It was the capital city of the Mauryan and Gupta empires.
Qin Dynasty
A short-lived (221-206 B.C.E.) but highly influential Chinese dynasty that succeeded in reuniting China at the end of the Warring States period. used Legalism as its base of belief.
Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha)
The Indian prince turned ascetic (ca. 566-ca. 486 B.C.E.) who founded Buddhism.
Patricians
Wealthy, privileged Romans who dominated early Roman society.
Socrates
The first great Greek philosopher to turn rationalism toward questions of human existence (469-399 B.C.E.).
Laozi
A legendary Chinese philosopher of the sixth century B.C.E.; regarded as the founder of Daoism.
Kong Fuzi
Chinese philosopher who promoted a system of social and political ethics emphasizing order, moderation, and reciprocity between superiors and subordinates. The Analects contains a collection of his sayings and dialogues compiled by disciples after his death.
Brahmins
The priestly caste of India.
Chandragupta Mauyra
Founder of the Mauryan dynasty. Began centralization of power in S. Asia.
Darius I
Achaemenid king (r. 522-486 B.C.E.) who expanded the Persian empire through military conquest and undertook building campaigns in Susa and Parsargaade.
Section 2
(40 cards)