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OS Module 1

memorize.ai (lvl 286)

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Section 1

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kernel

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iOS Dev Swift

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6 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (26)

Section 1

(26 cards)

kernel

Front

the one program running at all times on the computer

Back

requirements of a real-time OS

Front

a thread must be serviced by its deadline period

Back

What is the most common way to get revenue from open source software?

Front

contracts to support the software

Back

guest operating system in a virtual machine environment

Front

The guest operating system in a virtual machine environment is an OS installed on the virtual machine (rather than on the hardware of the system) and managed by the virtual machine manager.

Back

Three advantages of a multiprocessor system

Front

1. Increased throughput: processors can work together on tasks and produce more in less time 2. Economy of scale: processors can share resources such as storage and power 3. Increased reliability: losing one processor doesn't stop the system because others can pick up the slack

Back

Multitasking

Front

A CPU switching jobs frequently so that each user can interact with a job while it is running

Back

trap

Front

software generated interrupt

Back

SaaS (Software as a Service)

Front

Network hosted application; consumers purchase the ability to access and use the application; consumer cannot manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure

Back

how many bytes in a megabyte?

Front

2^20 bytes

Back

Single-threaded vs. multi-threaded process

Front

A single-threaded process has one program counter executing one instruction at a time, while a multithreaded process has multiple program counters and executes multiple instructions at a time.

Back

DMA

Front

DMA, or direct memory access, is a process in which a device controller moves entire blocks of data at a time from memory to buffer storage in order to speed up I/O operations.

Back

four components of a computer system

Front

hardware, operating system, application programs, users

Back

process

Front

a program in execution

Back

Multiprocessor

Front

having multiple CPUs sharing a high-speed bus but with each CPU on a separate chip

Back

PaaS (Platform as a Service)

Front

Consumer has the ability to deploy their own applications onto the cloud infrastructure; consumer cannot manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure

Back

Interrupt vector

Front

A table of pointers to interrupt routines

Back

IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)

Front

-Consumers have the ability to provision processing, storage, networks and other fundamental computing resources but cannot manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure. They can control the operating systems, storage, and deployed applications. -Tends to be more expensive

Back

Three general methods used to pass parameters to the OS

Front

registers, block or table in memory, stack

Back

Caching

Front

Caching is a process in which information is moved from memory, executed, and then copied to a temporary storage system called the cache for use in the near future. Before checking main memory for information, a system will first check the cache, because this is much faster. Frequently used instructions are then less time consuming to execute.

Back

SMP(In your own words)

Front

SMP stands for symmetric multiprocessing. It is a system in which several processors work in parallel to complete a task. There is no processor controlling what the other processors do, but rather each processor does all the work for the OS. The processors dynamically share memory and processes.

Back

firmware

Front

the bootstrap program typically stored in ROM or EEPROM

Back

how many bytes in a gigabyte?

Front

2^30 bytes

Back

multicore

Front

The use of multiple processors on the same chip is referred to as __________ and provides the potential to increase performance without increasing the clock rate.

Back

System call

Front

Provides interface to services made available by OS. Causes traps to allow the kernel to execute privileged instructions

Back

Symmetric Multiprocessing (SMP)

Front

Type of multiprocessing system where each processor performs all tasks, including operating system functions and user processes.

Back

Core dump

Front

a capture of the memory of a process often after it crashes.

Back