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AP Physics Giancoli Chapter 16

AP Physics Giancoli Chapter 16

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Section 1

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9.8 m/s^2 and is directed downwards

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Physics
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Mar 1, 2020

Cards (42)

Section 1

(42 cards)

9.8 m/s^2 and is directed downwards

Front

Near the surface of the earth, 'g' has a value of..._____ and is directed..._______, but it can have other values at different locations

Back

Fe= q'*E or E= Fe/q' Technically: E= lim as q' approaches 0 of Fe/q'

Front

Similar to a force on a mass m with gravity, we can ask about the force on a positive test charge q under Electrostatic forces, this formula would be:

Back

1.6726231 * 10^-27 kg

Front

Mass of a proton

Back

Insulator

Front

a material though which charge cannot flow (e.g. glass, rubber). (In reality you can get charge to move through this if one pushes hard enough)

Back

test charge

Front

A charge so small that the force it exerts doe snot significantly affect the charges that create the electric field, we measure the force exerted on this to investigate the Electric Field around a charge or group of charges.

Back

F= k(q1q2)/(r^2)= (q1q2)/(4piEor^2) where k= 8.988*10^9 Nm^2/C^2 Eo= 1/4pik = 8.8510^-12 C^2/Nm^2

Front

Formula for force between two point charges (Coulomb's Law)

Back

attract

Front

opposite charges

Back

THERE is no electric field inside a conductor (static charge distributions) Outside a conductor: if there is an electric field then there will be some charge density on the surface of the conductor.

Front

Where is the electric field with regards to a conductor?

Back

!C= 1 Coulomb

Front

SI unit for charge

Back

the surface

Front

Any net charge on a conductor distributes itself on .....____________

Back

Nuclei (massive and positive) and electrons (smaller and negative)

Front

atoms are made of

Back

van de Graaf Generator

Front

In this device: -Charge is carried by belt to center, and flows to outside. -Arc is breakdown of Air from an insulator to a conductor -Electric Field is strongest near sharp points, so arcs at needle -If metal plates are placed on then charge is built up on outermost, is repelled by like charges of lower plates, and then flies off one by one

Back

Field Lines

Front

This is a way of visualizing electric Fields (and other vector functions) in space. (Curves are tangent to E at each point)

Back

K= 8.988*10^9 Nm^2/C2

Front

Numerical value for K constant (don't forget units)

Back

perpendicular

Front

An electric field is always __________ to the surface outside the conductor

Back

No net electric charge can be created or destroyed

Front

What does the law of conservation of electric charge state?

Back

repel

Front

like charges

Back

Field lines are drawn more closely together where magnitude of Electric Field is greater

Front

What does the density of Field lines tell us?

Back

G= 6.67*10^-11 Nm^2/kg^2

Front

Gravitational force constant G value

Back

1. rub off from one material to another 2. can flow in beams through vacuum 3. Flow through conductive material (i.e. metal) and usually it's the electrons that move but not always 4. Move through a fluid (salt water)

Front

How can charge move?

Back

Semiconductors (silicone and germanium are examples)

Front

Intermediate of conductors and insulators and an example of such material

Back

Charging by induction

Front

When a Charged object is brought near another neutral object and the charges within the neutral object separate making it polar. Then a net charge is produced on the second object by briefly grounding it in this polarized state leading to the repelled charges to leave the object, and then the connection to the ground is cut off leaving the object with the charges that were attracted to the charge from object 1.

Back

Conductor

Front

a material through which charge (usually electrons) can move freely. Most metals are these (in reality flow is never completely free)

Back

9.1093897*10^-31 kg

Front

mass of an electron

Back

equal and opposite

Front

Proton and electron charges are exactly....______

Back

create charge

Front

You can transfer charge, seperate + and - charge, but you cannot..._____________. (the net charge of a closed system does not change)

Back

The total force is just the vector sum of all the individual forces

Front

When you have multiple charges how do you calculate total force?

Back

protons (positive) and neutrons (neutral) (approx same mass)

Front

Nuclei are made of

Back

E is symmetrically distributed on outer spherical surface as all charges will flow away from each other

Front

For a charged conducting spherical shell: where is E located?

Back

1. only start on + charges 2. only end on - charges 3. never cross one another

Front

Important things about field lines to note

Back

an electric dipole

Front

Electric Field lines due to two equal charges of opposite sign is also known as

Back

On dry days, static electricity is much more noticeable since the air contains fewer water molecules to allow leakage of charge (water molecules are polar so they can take excess charge). On humid or rainy days, it is difficult to make any object hold a net charge for long.

Front

What weather conditions are best for static charge and why?

Back

The Electric field would be nonzero everywhere inside the sphere

Front

What is the Electric field inside an insulating spherical shell which has a uniform + charge density (Q/A) on it's surface when we add a single extra charge Q just outside the sphere (fixing all other charges just as they were)?

Back

The same as if the point charge was at the center

Front

In a conductive spherical shell with a point charge within it that is not at the center, while there is no net charge on the spherical shell it's self, The electric field outside the sphere acts...

Back

Fgravi= (Gm1m2)/r^2 Where G= 6.67*10^-11 Nm^2/kg^2

Front

Formula for gravitational force

Back

The electrostatic force is very much larger than the gravitational force and there's (most likely) no distance r where they'd end up equal as r^2 is in both equations' denominators and would cancel out.

Front

Which is larger/more powerful Electrostatic force or gravitational force?

Back

-e= -1.6022*10^-19 C

Front

Charge (q) of an electron

Back

F=mg

Front

Force on a mass m is equal to it's mass times the gravitational field, g.

Back

E=0

Front

The electric field inside a conductor is... _____ in a static situation

Back

Is constant and has the same magnitude at all points except at the edges of the plates where fringing outwards occurs

Front

Between two closely spaces,oppositely charged, flat parallel plates, the Electric Field...

Back

an electroscope

Front

A device that can be used for detecting charge

Back

10^-10 meters

Front

approximate atomic radius

Back