Section 1
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a type of ignoring the question
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Last updated
7 years ago
Date created
Mar 1, 2020
Cards (75)
Section 1
(50 cards)
a type of ignoring the question
argumentum ad hominem
Presents a second half that restates what is already implied in the first half
circular logic
drawing a generalization from too small a group or too large of a group
hasty generalization
EX: Either we abolish state testing requirements or education is finished
Either/Or
using snarl or purr words
argumentum ad populum
Ex: Popular people use product X, if you use it you will be popular too
bandwagon
shifting ad hominem to a type or group of people
argumentum ad populum
EX: Dr. BlahBlah can't be a good marriage counselor because she is divorced
argumentum ad hominum
the non sequitor of events
post hoc ergo propter hoc
evading the issue by appealing to the readers' emotional reactions to certain subjects
argumentum ad populum
presenting as truth what is not yet proven by the argument or evidence
begging the question
taking something for granted that really needs proving
begging the question
a reverse kind of ad hominum which also ignores the question
argumentum ad misercordium
ignoring alternatives
either/or
relying on authorities, who are not convincing sources
faulty use of authority
EX: two Persian kittens attacked you, therefore all Persian kittens are vicious animals
hasty generalization
a form of ad populum
Guilt by association
after this therefore because of this
Post hoc, ergo propter hoc
using an abstract topic as a concrete reality
hypostatization
EX: if I work harder on the next paper, then I will get a better grade
If/Then
argument toward pity
argumentum ad misericordium
EX: putting teenagers in a sex ed class is like taking an alcoholic to a bar
faulty analogy
EX: God exists because no one has proven otherwise
argumentum ad ignorentam
EX: cigarrette companies in the 1950's stated that smoking doesn't cause cancer because no one has proven otherwise
argumentum ad ignorantum
using unfavorable personality traits to attack art, accomplishment, ability, or precept
argumentum ad hominum
EX: research shows that sugar causes obesity
hypostatization
EX: there aren't enough parking spaces on campus because there are to many cars
circular logic
argumentum based on insufficient or unrepresentative data
hasty generalization
conclusions do not reasonably follow the argument
non sequitor
EX: Campus athletes sampled want a new stadium, therefore students want a new stadium
hasty generalization
EX: America- love it or leave it
Either/Or
Stereotyping
guilt by association
selecting opponent's weakest point to argue against, divert attention
strawman
conclusion drawn is not necessarily a logical result of the facts
non sequitor
assuming that a lack of evidence proves it's opposite
argumentum ad ignoratium
includes transfer of virtue, sharing of light from someone elses sparkle
bandwagon
it does not follow
non sequitor
EX: Guido is the most popular, therefore he should be class president
non sequitor
relying too heavily on catchy phrases or empty slogans
quick fix
EX: Defense lawyer appeals to the fact that the theif's family was starving to evade the question of guilt
argumentum ad misercordium
argument toward the people
argumentum ad populum
EX: Have you stopped smoking heroin?
complex question
assuming two opposing possibilities
Either/Or
EX: Professor Blah is a famous chemist; therefore he will be a great chemistry teacher
non sequitor
using an extended comparison as proof of a point
faulty analogy
introducing an irrelevant point to divert the attention from the main issue
red herring
argument toward ignorance
argumentum ad ignorentium
argument toward the man
argumentum ad hominem
Ex: a student learns only what he wants to learn
oversimplification
EX: history has taught us war is inevitable
hypostatization
Section 2
(25 cards)