A variable that helps explain or influences changes in a response variable.
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double-blind procedure
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A research strategy in which neither subjects nor experimenters know which subjects are in the experimental or control groups.
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Treatment
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Specific combination of explanatory variables
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Response Variable
Front
a variable that measures an outcome or result of a study
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confounded variable
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one whose effect cannot be separated from the supposed independent variable
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Placebo
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something which has a positive mental effect, but no physical effect
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block design
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the experimenter divides subjects into subgroups called blocks, such that the variability within blocks is less than the variability between blocks. Then, subjects within each block are randomly assigned to treatment conditions.
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placebo effect
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improvement resulting from the mere expectation of improvement
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confounding variable
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a factor other than the independent variable that might produce an effect in an experiment
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Observational Studies
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Researchers carefully and systematically observe and record behavior without interfering with behavior.