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Week 1: Criminal Law

memorize.ai (lvl 286)

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48 cards

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Section 1

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sentence

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1 / 48

Government Law Politics

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Last updated

6 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (48)

Section 1

(48 cards)

sentence

Front

the punishment assigned to a defendant found guilty by a court, or fixed by law for a particular offense.

Back

arson

Front

the criminal act of deliberately setting fire to property.

Back

guilty beyond a reasonable doubt

Front

standard that must be met by the prosecution's evidence in a criminal prosecution: that no other logical explanation can be derived from the facts except that the defendant committed the crime

Back

white collar crimes

Front

White-collar crime refers to financially motivated nonviolent crime committed by business and government professionals.

Back

rape

Front

Rape is a type of sexual assault usually involving sexual intercourse or other forms of sexual penetration perpetrated against a person without that person's consent.

Back

community service order

Front

unpaid work, intended to be of social use, that an offender is required to do instead of going to prison.

Back

petty theft

Front

Petty theft is a type of theft crime that is based on the low value of the stolen property. Most states divide theft laws into two categories- grand theft and petty theft.

Back

extortion

Front

the practice of obtaining something, especially money, through force or threats.

Back

execution

Front

the carrying out of a sentence of death on a condemned person.

Back

corporal punishment

Front

Corporal punishment or physical punishment is punishment intended to cause physical pain on a person. Common methods include spanking, paddling, caning and also bastinad

Back

drug trafficking

Front

Drug trafficking is defined as the selling, manufacturing, growing, delivering, or possessing more than a certain amount of a controlled substance.

Back

probation

Front

the release of an offender from detention, subject to a period of good behavior under supervision.

Back

armed robbery

Front

Robbery committed while the person accused is armed with a dangerous weapon.

Back

claimant

Front

a person making a claim, especially in a lawsuit or for a government-sponsored benefit.

Back

embezzlement

Front

theft or misappropriation of funds placed in one's trust or belonging to one's employ

Back

proscribe

Front

forbid, especially by law

Back

prosecutor

Front

a lawyer who conducts the case against a defendant in a criminal court. Also called prosecuting attorney.

Back

verdict

Front

a decision on a disputed issue in a civil or criminal case or an inquest.

Back

vandalism

Front

action involving deliberate destruction of or damage to public or private property.

Back

mens rea

Front

a guilty mind, a conscious knowing by the perpetrator that the act he/she committed was illicit

Back

the accused

Front

The defendant in a criminal case.

Back

burglary

Front

entry into a building illegally with intent to commit a crime, especially theft.

Back

forgery

Front

the action of forging or producing a copy of a document, signature, banknote, or work of art.

Back

manslaughter

Front

the crime of killing a human being without malice aforethought, or otherwise in circumstances not amounting to murder.

Back

prosecution

Front

The institution and conducting of legal proceedings against someone in respect of a criminal charge.

Back

domestic violence

Front

violent or aggressive behavior within the home, typically involving the violent abuse of a spouse or partner.

Back

parole

Front

the release of a prisoner temporarily (for a special purpose) or permanently before the completion of a sentence, on the promise of good behavior.

Back

insider trading

Front

the illegal practice of trading on the stock exchange to one's own advantage through having access to confidential information. (insider dealing)

Back

stalking

Front

Stalking can be defined as the willful and repeated following, watching and/or harassing of another person. Unlike other crimes, which usually involve one act, stalking is a series of actions that occur over a period of time.

Back

homicide

Front

the deliberate and unlawful killing of one person by another; murder.

Back

tax evasion

Front

the illegal nonpayment or underpayment of tax.

Back

obstruction of justice

Front

Obstruction may consist of any attempt to hinder the discovery, apprehension, conviction or punishment of anyone who has committed a crime. The acts by which justice is obstructed may include bribery, murder, intimidation, and the use of physical force against witnesses, law enforcement officers or court officials.

Back

actus reus

Front

A criminal act, considered as separate from the intentions or state of mind of the perpetrator.

Back

felonies

Front

a crime, typically one involving violence, regarded as more serious than a misdemeanor, and usually punishable by imprisonment for more than one year or by death.

Back

prostitution

Front

the practice or occupation of engaging in sexual activity with someone for payment.

Back

jurisdictions

Front

territory or district in which a court has the authority to hear cases

Back

larceny

Front

theft of personal property

Back

joyriding

Front

the action or practice of driving fast and dangerously in a stolen car for enjoyment.

Back

drunk driving

Front

the crime of driving a vehicle with an excess of alcohol in the blood. (A drunk driver can be charged with a DUI (Driving while under the influence)

Back

preponderance of the evidence

Front

standard of proof in civil cases requiring that one side's case must be more probable than note

Back

kidnapping

Front

take (someone) away illegally by force, typically to obtain a ransom.

Back

money laundering

Front

the concealment of the origins of illegally obtained money, typically by means of transfers involving foreign banks or legitimate businesses.

Back

burden of proof

Front

the obligation to prove what is asserted and in dispute

Back

bribe

Front

persuade (someone) to act in one's favor, typically illegally or dishonestly, by a gift of money or other inducement.

Back

charged

Front

to make a formal accusation of a crime

Back

defendant

Front

an individual, company, or institution sued or accused in a court of law.

Back

fraud

Front

wrongful or criminal deception intended to result in financial or personal gain.

Back

misdemeanors

Front

a minor wrongdoing

Back