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valence electrons

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Chemistry Science

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Date created

Mar 14, 2020

Cards (36)

Section 1

(36 cards)

valence electrons

Front

electrons in the outermost shell (can be easily shared, gained or lost)

Back

isotopes

Front

same number of protons and electrons but different number of neutrons

Back

metalloid

Front

Demonstrate properties of both metals and nonmetals. Examples are silicon and arsenic.

Back

atomic number

Front

number of protons in nucleus; identifier for an element

Back

acid

Front

A substance that has a higher ratio of H+ ions and a low pH, less than 7

Back

electron

Front

A negatively charged subatomic particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom.

Back

base

Front

A substance that has a low ratio of H+ ions and a high pH, greater than 7

Back

stable octet

Front

the arrangement of eight electrons in the outermost shell of an atom

Back

group

Front

Vertical column in the periodic table; used to determine the number of valence electrons in an element

Back

endothermic

Front

A chemical reaction that absorbs more energy (heat) than it releases

Back

polyatomic ion

Front

A covalently bonded group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge and acts as a unit

Back

Nonpolar molecule

Front

Molecule which does not have charged ends because electrons are being shared equally.

Back

reactants

Front

a substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction

Back

atomic mass

Front

weighted average of all of the isotope's mass numbers found in nature

Back

mass number

Front

number of neutrons and protons in nucleus

Back

neutron

Front

A subatomic particle that has no charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom

Back

activation energy

Front

the minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction

Back

period

Front

A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table; indicates the number of electron shells in an element

Back

Polar molecule

Front

Molecule which has charged ends due to electrons being shared unequally

Back

indicator

Front

A compound that changes color in the presence of an acid or a base

Back

metals

Front

elements that are found on the left side of the periodic table and conduct heat and electricity well

Back

solvent

Front

A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances

Back

Bohr Model

Front

atomic model that shows all subatomic particles in an atom

Back

pH

Front

a numeric scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution

Back

ionic bond

Front

Formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another; forms between metals and nonmetals

Back

solute

Front

A substance that is dissolved in a solution.

Back

covalent bond

Front

A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule; occurs between nonmetals

Back

coefficient

Front

A number in front of a chemical formula in an equation that indicates how many molecules or atoms of each reactant and product are involved in a reaction.

Back

hydrogen bond

Front

A relatively weak bond formed between any hydrogen atom (which is covalently bound to a nitrogen or oxygen atom) and a nitrogen or oxygen with an unshared electron pair

Back

proton

Front

A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom

Back

products

Front

The elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction.

Back

Lewis Dot Structures

Front

Back

nonmetal

Front

elements that are found to right of the metalloids on the periodic table and do not conduct heat and electricity well

Back

exothermic

Front

A chemical reaction that releases more energy than it absorbs (heat)

Back

transition metals

Front

What are the elements in groups 3-12 called?

Back

neutral solution

Front

has a pH of 7

Back