Go on. Explore!

lvl 0 • 0 xp

lvl 1

Home Market Decks Interests

Anatomy

memorize.ai (lvl 286)

(0)

46 cards

()

Section 1

Preview this deck

Flexion

Front

1 / 46

Anatomy Science

0.0

0 reviews

5			0
4			0
3			0
2			0
1			0

Active users

All-time users

Favorites

Last updated

6 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (46)

Section 1

(46 cards)

Flexion

Front

bending or decreasing the angle between bones or parts of the body

Back

Proximal

Front

nearer to the trunk or point of origin, e.g., the elbow is proximal to the wrist; the proximal part of an artery is its beginning

Back

Inversion

Front

moving the sole of the foot toward the median plane or sole of foot faces medially

Back

Depression

Front

lowering or moving a body part inferiorly, e.g., as occurs in depressing the shoulders when standing at ease

Back

Supination

Front

movement of the forearm and hand that rotates the radius laterally around its longitudinal axis so that the dorsum of the hand faces posteriorly and the palm faces anteriorly • when elbow joint flexed --> moves hand so that palm faces superiorly

Back

Abduction of digits

Front

movement of the fingers away from the middle (3rd) digit or the toes away from the 2nd digit

Back

Elevation

Front

raising or moving a part superiorly, e.g., as occurs when shrugging the shoulders

Back

Transverse plane

Front

horizontal planes passing through the body at right angles to the median and frontal planes divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) parts

Back

Superior (cranial, cephalic)

Front

nearer to the head, e.g., the heart is superior to the stomach

Back

Protrusion

Front

moving anteriorly, e.g., sticking the chin out

Back

Protraction

Front

anterior movement of the shoulders

Back

Adduction

Front

moving toward the median plane in the coronal plane, e.g., adducting the lower limb

Back

Median plane

Front

vertical plane passing longitudinally through the body divides the body into right and left halves defines the midline of the head, neck, and trunk where it intersects the surface of the body

Back

Anterior (ventral)

Front

nearer to the front, e.g., the sternum is the anterior to the heart

Back

Medial

Front

nearer to the median plane, e.g., the 5th digit ( little finger) is on the medial side of the hand

Back

Inferior (caudal)

Front

nearer to the feet, e.g., the stomach is inferior to the heart

Back

ANATOMICAL POSITION

Front

All anatomical descriptions are expressed in relation to one consistent position, ensuring that descriptions are not ambiguous. One must visualize this position in the mind when describing patients (or cadavers) whether they are lying on their sides, supine (recumbent, lying on the back, face upward), or prone (lying on the abdomen, face downward) Refers to the body position as if the person were standing upright with the: o Head, gaze (eyes), and toes directed anteriorly (forward) o Arms adjacent to the sides with palms facing anteriorly, and o Lower limbs close together with the feet parallel

Back

Deep

Front

farther from the surface, e.g., the humerus is deep to the arm muscles

Back

Medial (internal) roation

Front

brings the anterior surface of a limb closer to the median plane, e.g., medial rotation of the shoulder joint

Back

Unilateral

Front

occurring on one side only, e.g., spleen

Back

Superficial

Front

nearer to or on the surface, e.g., the arm muscle are superficial to the humerus

Back

Circumduction

Front

circular movement combining flexion, extension, abduction and adduction occurring in such a way that the distal end of the part moves in a circle, e.g., circumduction of the shoulder joint

Back

Retraction

Front

posterior movements of the shoulders

Back

Frontal (coronal) plane

Front

vertical plane passing through the body at right angles to the median plane divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) parts

Back

Extension

Front

straightening or increasing the angle between bones or part of the body, e.g., extending the knee joint

Back

Contralateral

Front

occurring on the opposite side of the body relative to another structure, e.g., the right hand and the left hand are contralateral

Back

Abduction

Front

moving away from the median plane in the coronal plane, e.g., abducting the upper limb

Back

Posterior (dorsal)

Front

nearer to the back, e.g., the kidneys are posterior to the intestine *in the hands, the terms palmar and dorsal surfaces are used in place of anterior and posterior

Back

Ipsilateral

Front

occurring on the same side of the body as another, e.g., the right thumb and the right big toe are ipsilateral

Back

Sagittal plane

Front

vertical plane passing through the body parallel to the median plane parasagittal - commonly used; unnecessary; any plane parallel to and on either side of the median plane is sagittal by definition a plane parallel and near the median plane - may be referred to as paramedian plane

Back

Distal

Front

farther from the trunk or point of origin, e.g., the wrist is distal to the elbow; the distal part of the limb is the foot

Back

Reposition

Front

movement of the 1st digit from position of opposition back to anatomical position

Back

Dorsiflexion

Front

flexion of the ankle joint, as occurs when when walking uphill or lifting the front of the foot and toes off the ground

Back

Lateral (external) rotation

Front

takes the anterior surface away from the median plane, e.g., lateral rotation of the hip joint

Back

Plantarflexion

Front

bends the foot and toes toward the groundf, as occurs when standing on your toes

Back

Opposition

Front

movement by which the 1st digit (thumb) pad is brought to another digit (finger) pad, e.g., when holding a pen, pinching something, or lifting a teacup by the handle

Back

Adduction of digits

Front

movement of the fingers toward the 3rd digit or the toes toward the 2nd digit

Back

Bilateral

Front

paired structures having right and left members, e.g. lungs

Back

Eversion

Front

moving the sole of the foot away from the median plane or turning the sole of the foot laterally

Back

Retrusion

Front

moving posteriorly, e.g., tucking the chin in

Back

TERMS OF MOVEMENT

Front

Movements take place in joints where two or more bones meet or articulate with one another

Back

Rotation

Front

involves turning or revolving a part of the body around its longitudinal axis, e.g., turning one's head to the side

Back

Lateral

Front

farther away from the median plane, e.g., the 1st digit (thumb) is on the lateral side of the hand

Back

Pronation

Front

movement of the forearm and hand that rotates the radius medially around its longitudinal axis so that the palm of the hand faces posteriorly and its dorsum faces anteriorly when elbow joint flexed --> moves hand so that palm faces inferiorly

Back

ANATOMICAL PLANES

Front

Based on four imaginary planes (median, sagittal, frontal, and transverse) that intersect the body in the anatomical position; used mainly to describe sections (longitudinal sections, transverse or cross-sections, oblique sections)

Back

TERMS OF RELATIONSHIP AND COMPARISON

Front

adjectives, arranged as pairs of opposites, used to describe relationships of parts of the body or compare the position of two structures relative to each other

Back