Go on. Explore!

lvl 0 • 0 xp

lvl 1

Home Market Decks Interests

AP Biology - Endocrine System

memorize.ai (lvl 286)

(0)

21 cards

()

Section 1

Preview this deck

Hypothalamus

Front

1 / 21

Biology Science

0.0

0 reviews

5			0
4			0
3			0
2			0
1			0

Active users

All-time users

Favorites

Last updated

6 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (21)

Section 1

(21 cards)

Hypothalamus

Front

The ventral part of the vertebrate forebrain; functions in maintaining homeostasis especially in coordinating the endocrine and nervous systems; secrets hormones of the posterior pituitary and releasing factors that regulate the anterior pituitary.

Back

GH (Growth Hormone)

Front

A hormone that is produced and secreted by the anterior pituitary and that has both direct (nontropic) and tropic effects on a wide variety of tissues specifically regarding development and bone length.

Back

positive feedback

Front

A form of regulation in which an end product of a process speeds up that process; in physiology, a control mechanism in which a change in a variable triggers a response that reinforces or amplifies the change.

Back

Pancreas

Front

A gland with the following dual functions: the non-endocrine portion functions in digestion, secreting enzymes into the small intestine via a duct; the ductless endocrine portion functions in homeostasis, secreting the hormones insulin and glucagon into the blood.

Back

protein kinase

Front

a general term for enzymes that activate or inactivate other proteins by phosphorylating them

Back

Insulin

Front

A hormone secreted by pancreatic beta cells that lowers blood glucose levels. It promotes the uptake of glucose by most body cells and the synthesis and storage of glycogen in the liver and also stimulates protein and fat synthesis.

Back

paracrine

Front

cell signaling where target is nearby

Back

Glucagon

Front

A hormone secreted by pancreatic alpha cells that raises blood glucose levels. it promotes glycogen break-down and release of glucose by the liver.

Back

Endocrine System

Front

The internal system of communication involving hormones, the ductless glands that secrete hormones, and the molecular receptors on or in target cells that respond to hormones; functions in concert with the nervous system to effect internal regulation and maintain homeostasis.

Back

peptide hormone

Front

Polar hormones incapable of permeating the cell membrane that bind to surface receptors and act through secondary messengers.

Back

Anterior Pituitary

Front

gland that synthesizes and secretes several tropic and nontropic hormones

Back

Tropic Hormone

Front

A hormone that has another endocrine gland as a target.

Back

steroid hormone

Front

Lipids that act as chemical messengers; synthesized from cholesterol

Back

signal transduction pathway

Front

a series of molecular changes that convert a signal on the target cell's surface to a specific response within the cell; crucial to many cellular functions

Back

Negative Feedback

Front

A form of regulation in which accumulation of an end product of a process slows the process; in physiology, a primary mechanism of homeostasis

Back

Diabetes Mellitus

Front

An endocrine disorder marked by inability to maintain glucose homeostasis. The type 1 form results form autoimmune destruction of insulin-secreting cells; treatment usually requires daily insulin injections. The type 2 form most commonly results from reduced responsiveness of target cells to insulin; obesity and lack of exercise are risk factors.

Back

Pituitary Gland

Front

Master gland found at the base of the hypothalamus

Back

Epinephrine

Front

a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla; mediates "fight or flight" responses to short-term stresses; also released by some neurons as a neurotransmitter; also known as adrenaline.

Back

Adrenal Gland

Front

located adjacent to the kidneys in mammals. Endocrine cells in the outer portion (cortex) respond to this by secreting steroid hormones that help maintain homeostasis during long-term stress. Neurosecretory cells in the central portion (medulla) secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine in response to nervous inputs triggered by short-term stress.

Back

Posterior Pituitary

Front

gland that secretes oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) made in the hypothalamus; a temporary storage site for these hormones.

Back

Endocrine Gland

Front

A ductless gland that secretes hormones directly into the interstitial fluid, from which they diffuse into the bloodstream.

Back