Section 1
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The ability of two adversaries to survive a first nuclear strike and deliver a devastating second strike is called
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Date created
Mar 1, 2020
Cards (103)
Section 1
(50 cards)
The ability of two adversaries to survive a first nuclear strike and deliver a devastating second strike is called
Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD)
In WW1 the primary offensive weapon was the
Tank
What do we call geographic regions dominated by one major actor?
Spheres of influence
What American policy of 1948 attempted to reduce the economic hardship abroad believed to lead people to accept communism?
The Marshall plan
TRUE OR FALSE? China's territorial claim to the South China Sea aligns with the UN convention on the Law of the Sea 200 nautical mile exclusive economic zone
FALSE.
What is the alliance negotiated by the US and Europe in 1949 to defend against anticipated Soviet expansion westward?
NATO
What are the three broad approaches to the study of the causes of modern inter state war?
Personal level, unit level, system level
What group of theorists would have deplored America's dismemberment of Iraq's army following the invasion of that country in 2003?
Realists
What are some important non-quantifiable aspects of national power?
Geography, population, industrial capacity, quality of governance
The international system of states is governed authoritatively by
Nobody. The system is anarchic
To what does Beijing's 'one China' policy refer to?
Taiwan is a part of China and the communist Chinese representative in the UN should be the sole representation of China
What is a system level explanation of the onset of the Cold War?
The bipolar division of power
True or false? The terms 'state' 'nation' 'country' and 'government' are synonyms
FALSE
What was the tangible outcome of the 1978 Camp David Accords?
A peace treaty between Israel and Egypt and Israel to return the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt
What is NOT a reason why the spread of nuclear weapons to additional countries is dangerous?
The acquisition of nuclear weapons by some countries creates incentives for others to obtain similar weapons
Which prominent PRC politician initiated China's 'opening up' reforms in the 1970s?
Deng Xiaoping
What set of ideas in the years before WW1 promoted a belief in the superiority of some nations over others that justified European and Japanese imperialism?
Fascism
Sovereignty is
Principle of governments internal authority and external non interference
In WW2 the primary offensive weapon was the
Bomber
Which of the following is a state level explanation for intra state war?
Ethnic hatred
What ideology did Giuseppe Mazzini advocate?
Liberal Nationalism
In Karl von Clauswitz's Classic conception 'war is a continuation of ____________ by other means' (fill in)
Policy
Name three broad 'national interests' that governments typically pursue in their foreign policies
Security, prosperity and status
What is foreign policy?
A governments aims to enhance its interests abroad
What is the aim of war, according to Carl von Clausewitz?
The realisation of the political objectives of the originator of the war
The three countries that Bush described as the 'axis of evil' are
Iran, Iraq and North Korea
The combination of hard power and soft power is called
Smart power
TRUE OR FALSE? The state which will achieve victory in war is reliably predictable by assessing military and other physical assets of the adversaries
FALSE
What are the three Cs to make deterrence work?
Capability, communication and credibility
What are the 5 Ts that summarises China-US differences?
Trade Treatment of humans (human rights) Taiwan Tiananmen Square The advancement of weaponry
TRUE OR FALSE? The escalation to a nuclear missile exchange has made conventional interstate warfare untenable
FALSE
What is politically objectionable about weapons of mass destruction?
They are inherently indiscriminate and kill civilians
Name one empire prominent in the 1800s and one territorial state that emerged from it
British Empire- India, New Zealand
What are two ways that nuclear deterrence could fail?
It is not always clear who must be deterred, and threats have grown more diffuse. Deterrence is a psychological strategy as much as it is a political-military strategy.
Who coined the term Iron Curtain?
Winston Churchill
TRUE OR FALSE? Throughout history the initial advantage it deploying a new offensive weapon had been undermined by the development of an effective defensive weapon
TRUE
What Shia group, identified by the US as a terrorist organisation, occupies southern Lebanon and attacks Israel with rockets and infiltration tunnels?
Hezbollah
What was the gist of the UN resolution 242?
Israel should withdraw from territories seized in the Six Day War in return for peace.
How can Samuel P Huntington's 'Clash of Civilisations' be criticised?
Despite the denial of the concept of states, it is still central to his framework. It remains unclear what a civilisation is and major conflicts have arisen within the same civilisation. Also, Western governments are more about modernity than globalisation.
When one cites 'the Munich syndrome' they are referring to:
British appeasement of Germany's demands on Czechoslovakia.
The peace of Augsburg 1555 and peace of Westphalia 1648 established
Sovereignty of states ruler's
What are the four requirements of statehood specified by the 1933 Montevideo Convention?
Settled population, defined boundaries, a central government and a capacity to conduct relations with other governments
What happened on the day 'that will live in infamy'?
The Japanese attack on Pearl harbour
Military logistics is a states policy and process of
Supplying weapons, ammunition, food and equipment to deployed soldiers
What was a 'unit level' explanation of the cause of WW1?
Germany's rapidly growing economic and military power and ambition
The security dilemma can sometimes lead to
An arms race
What are some characteristics of fragile states?
Refugees, vengeance seeking groups, uneven economic development, poverty, absence of public service, loss of state legitimacy and external intervention
According to analysts, strategic stability is best achieved by
Unipolarity, bipolarity and multipolarity (debatable)
Which is the most recently identified wave of terrorism?
White supremacists
What international meeting in 1814-1815 redrew the map of Europe and ushered in a period of relative peace?
The Congress Of Vienna
Section 2
(50 cards)
What are the international organisations set up after Great Depression and WW2 to stabilise world economic affairs?
WTO, World Bank, IMF
TRUE OR FALSE? Modern governments are more often the violators rather than the protectors of human rights
FALSE
TRUE OR FALSE? The surge in sub state identity politics has been facilitated by the failure of some governments to deliver order and welfare and the proliferation of inexpensive global communication networks.
TRUE
What is the largest source of GG gas contribution in NZ?
Agriculture (methane)
Why do most governments comply with international law even tho there is lack of enforcement?
Economy, convenience, reciprocity, General commitment to law
What is the tragedy of the commons?
When many actors take the resources but don't contribute too managing it sustainably and then all users suffer, even those who do contribute
TRUE OR FALSE? Global political initiatives to increase human security have failed as measured by increasing poverty rates in the past two decades
FALSE
Which IGO wants to moderate prices and ensure reliable oil supplies in world markets?
international energy agency
What are the differences between inter state and intra state war?
Inter state- civil wars (ethnic hatred, bad government), intra state- military conflict waged between national entities (imbalance of power, securit dilemma)
What are TNCs
transnational corporations
What is the principle of 'non-refoulment'?
Asylum seekers cannot be deported to a territory where they would be persecuted because of their race, religion, nationality or political views
Where is NZ standing on the gender development index?
One of the best
How does the UNDP's Human Development Index correlate with the UNODC's Organised Crime Index?
Negatively
TRUE OR FALSE? In the past century, the world has experienced exponential population growth exceeding the capacity for food production
FALSE
What is the group suffering the greatest quantitative violations of human rights?
Women
According to Kant, what are the three necessities to escape anarchy and achieve perpetual peace?
International organisations, economic interdependence and democracy
Why are governments slow to report the outbreak of diseases within their borders internationally?
Pride, humiliation, poor detection, poor communication, fear of disrupting tourism/trade, wish to avoid panic
What is the economic policy model that enabled japan, South Korea, Taiwan and China to move from poverty to prosperity after WW2 called?
State capitalism
TRUE OR FALSE? Human security and state security are contrasting and very often conflicting and incompatible policy aims.
FALSE
TRUE OR FALSE: NATO is now redundant because of the dissolution of USSR and is being downgraded
False
What is a UN agency devoted to the protection of the human rights of women?
UN Commission on the Status of Women
What is the international court guided by international law that rules on disputes between states called?
ICJ- international court of justice
What is the OAU
Organization of African Unity
If governments restricted large scale cross border migration, what effect would this policy likely have on global human security?
Increase human security
What is the main policy instrument adopted by European governments, and NZ to reduce GG emissions and climate change?
Emission trading scheme
What does the International Development Agency of the World Bank do to mitigate human insecurity?
They offer low or no interest loans to low income countries and tries to modernise a country's financial sector
TRUE OR FALSE- 'globalisation has made states and governments irrelevant'
FALSE
What is a free rider of the public good of the environment ?
Someone who benefits from clean air, pure water, exploitable natural resources without paying any of the costs of managing the sustainably.
What are some policies governments have initiated to reduce human insecurity abroad?
Develop an open reading and financial system with the developing state, reduce or cancel debts, promote gender inequality via education
What is NZ's rank in the globalisation index?
28
What is the most promising policy that governments can undertake to reduce the rate of population growth?
Empower women
The recent international media initiative to raise public awareness of climate change is
Covering climate now
What is the name of the document adopted in 1948 that sets the standard for many modern human rights treaties?
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
The primary responsibility to protect modern human rights and civil liberties lies with
Governments
A tariff in an economic policy instrument used most often governments that tend to be
Mercantilist
Name three threats to human security besides poverty
Transitional crime, Inter state conflict, spread of infectious diseases or environmental degradation
What are the sources of international law?
Treaties and customary law
What are the principle organs of the UN?
Security council, general assembly and economic and social council
What are the five groups of people that governments began to protect in 1820-1920?
Slaves, soldiers, women, workers & minorities
What is the permanent court in The Hague that tries individuals for crimes against humanity called
The international criminal court
How many different features of globalisation does the textbook set out
11
What are some countries that have suffered ethnic cleansing or genocide?
Germany, Rwanda, Bosnia, Cambodia, Burma
Hoadley regards the EU as
Successful
Which theoretical approach views international organisations as no more than the sum of the interests and policies of member states?
Realism
What are some IGOs or INGOs that attempt to mitigate threats to human security or the environment?
WHO, Forest and Bird, Greenpeace, WWF, Schools Strike for Climate Change
Governments policies to raise human security and at the same time enhance environmental sustainability are often:
Negatively correlated and a political management dilemma
The policy concept that describes why the post WW2 world has become relatively peaceful and prosperous is called
Hegemonic stability
Name the Inter governmental organisation that responds to pandemics and other communicable disease outbreaks
WHO
TRUE OR FALSE? The Industrial Age transformed human society from mainly rural to mainly urban without significant stress on the environment due to the application of modern science and technology
FALSE
What is the AU
African Union
Section 3
(3 cards)