Go on. Explore!

lvl 0 • 0 xp

lvl 1

Home Market Decks Interests

Competition

memorize.ai (lvl 286)

(0)

41 cards

()

Section 1

Preview this deck

Comp. coefficient

Front

1 / 41

Competition Prep

0.0

0 reviews

5			0
4			0
3			0
2			0
1			0

Active users

All-time users

Favorites

Last updated

6 years ago

Date created

Mar 14, 2020

Cards (41)

Section 1

(41 cards)

Comp. coefficient

Front

variable that converts individuals of one species into indivuals of another species. Based on the idea that different species use resources at different rates.

Back

graph f rom powerpoint

Front

niches overlap and species 2 will become locally extinct due to interspecific competition.

Back

Barnacles gas exchange

Front

can do it through skin parts as long as the area is moist.

Back

Types of competition

Front

exploitation and interference

Back

interference examples

Front

lions or hyenas get prey. They will fight until one wins. damselfishes. Don't let other fishes feed on coral. Limiting access to resources by direct interference with the other species.

Back

fundamental niche

Front

set of resources organism can use and the conditions it can tolerate in absence of biotic organisms.

Back

2 ways Res. part can occur

Front

Organism has flexible phenotype to competitor presence by decreasing niche size. Or it has been selected for and has evolved to have a fixed phenotype in terms of habitat use. So niche has changed. Even in absence of competitor they still use small niche

Back

Asymmetric competition

Front

One ended up doing better than the other when they were together. There was not a similar decrease.

Back

5 lizards

Front

related. A. distichus hunts for insects low and A. insolitus hunts high. So they have microhaitat preferences and by partitioning resources allow for co-existence. So they eat the same food but at different places.

Back

If symmetric

Front

both do worse together, but similarly worse. So most interspecific compettion are asymmetric

Back

limiting resource

Front

when you add in more of something and the population grows

Back

exploitation

Front

two species compete indirectly for use of resources. Therefore, the availability for everyone goes down.

Back

How to test...

Front

test to see if each species can live in each zone. Is it possible to live in zone where they aren't found? If not could be a physical factor...or competition

Back

Gause's principle definition

Front

Two species with similar needs for the same limiting resources cannot co-exist in the same place at the same time.

Back

can use equation...

Front

to determine who outcompetes the other or if they can co-exist and if so at what CC.

Back

Wrap up...

Front

Asymmetric competition. When grown together it is a form of resource partitioning. Basically the habitat is divided up.

Back

Findings of barnacles

Front

Found that Chthamalus survived well at all levels when grown alone so it is not limited by physical factor.

Back

In the lower inner tidal...

Front

Balanus curshed CHthamalus. Outcompeted so support for competition hypothesis.

Back

on graph...

Front

realized niche is smaller than fundamental niche. Sp. 1 is strong competitor so realized and fundamental niche are the same.

Back

due to interspecific competition

Front

CC of one or both species will decrease in proportion to Coefficent of competition.

Back

realized niche influences

Front

when, where, what it does, fundamental role in ecology, time of day it is active

Back

How to tell?

Front

look at different populations

Back

edit exclusion principle

Front

and niches overlap completely.

Back

In upper tidal

Front

B can't survive. Desciates or dries out. So both hypothesis are supported: physical tolerance and competition

Back

trade off

Front

distribution of two species is the result of a trade-off that many species experience: trade-off between competitive ability and the ability to tolerate a challenging abiotic factor.

Back

con. exclusion principle again! revise

Front

2 species cannot co-exist in a community if their niches are identical.

Back

When niches overlap...

Front

three things could happen: local extinction, resource partioning, or evolution (genotypically and phenotypically) to use different habitat on type of resources.

Back

competition exclusion principle

Front

Gause 1930s. 2 species of Paramecium. P caudatum and P. aurelia. Two similar species so can they co-exist?

Back

talk about N

Front

If N is small, then (N/K) approaches zero. So high growth (N/K is close to 1 then multiply times rN). As N approaches K, N/K approaches 1. 1-1=0 so no population growth. Growth slows and is eventually -. CC equilibrium point

Back

resource partitioning definition

Front

Resource partitioning allows two species that compete for resources to coexist together. aka niche differentiation

Back

Com

Front

just know powerpoint

Back

so what did he do?

Front

Grew both separately. Logistic growth until CC. However, when grown together, P. aurelia is a better competitior for food. So there can be no co-existence because P. aurelia drives down population of P. caudatum.

Back

However, might not see species driven...

Front

to extinction. Can co-exist if some differences in where niches are found. Sp. 2 stop using resources if overlap.

Back

exploitation examples

Front

Plants in soil compete for nitrates. Herbivores compete for same food. Don't feed at the same time of day but still reducing food by consuming it.

Back

realized niche

Front

add in biotic organisms. This is the actual niche where we find organism. Organisms are rarely found in absence of other organisms.

Back

Interference

Front

direct. Both need resources so there is either a win or lose outcome. No sharing. It is achieved by fighting. Can be either interspecific or intra specific.

Back

Gause said that...

Front

2 sp. can co-exist when interspecific competition is weaker than intraspecific competition.

Back

highest growth rate

Front

at inflection point. Right before growth changes and slows down.

Back

logistic equation

Front

dN/dt= rN (1-N/K). parantheses is effect on population growth (crowding and density) by intraspecific competition. Intra comp increases as density increases

Back

two coefficient

Front

a: converts species 2 into species 1. a x N2 modifies the CC so will get to K much faster. B: converts species 1 into species 2. Allows us to determine how growth of N1 affects K for species 2.

Back

resources

Front

consumed. Potential for competition between any 2 species that needs resources. Can lead to local extinction or a decrease in density of both spp.

Back