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Nervous System c 16 (the brain)

memorize.ai (lvl 286)

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What does the frontal lobe perceive

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6 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (36)

Section 1

(36 cards)

What does the frontal lobe perceive

Front

Conscious control of skeletal muscles

Back

Describe the function of CSF

Front

prevents contact of neural tissue with the surrounding bones, provides support, transports nutrients to the CNS tissue, transports waste away from CNS

Back

Describe the dura mater

Front

Outermost layer, endosteal & meningeal layers, dural sinus consists of projections called arachnoid granulations

Back

What does the insula perceive

Front

Consists of olfactory cortex and gustatory cortex (lies deep to lateral sulcus)

Back

Define and locate the lateral ventricles of the brain

Front

1st and 2nd ventricles, located in the cerebral hemispheres (separated by septum pellucidum), communicate with 3rd ventricle through interventricular foramen

Back

Define the blood - brain barrier

Front

lining of the blood vessels (capillaries) consists of endothelial cells that are highly interconnected by tight junctions which allows for selective permeability between circulating blood & extracellular fluid in the CNS (maintained by astrocytes)

Back

Define and locate the 4th ventricle

Front

Lies between pons and cerebellum, communicates with central canal of spinal cord

Back

What are the main brain regions?

Front

Mesencephalon, diencephalon, telencephalon, cerebellum, medulla oblongata, & pons

Back

What are the 4 locations where the dura mater extends into the cranial cavity?

Front

Falx cerebri, tentorium cerebelli, falx cerebelli, diaphragm sellae

Back

What is the function of the pineal gland?

Front

Produces melatonin which regulates day/night cycles

Back

Describe the Pia Mater

Front

Deepest layer, attaches to the surface of brain, anchor larger blood vessels to cerebrum

Back

Describe the functions of the telencephalon

Front

(Cerebrum) - conscious thought processes, intellectual function, memory storage, conscious regulation of skeletal muscle contractions

Back

What are inside the nuclei of CNS?

Front

Neurons

Back

Describe the function of the diencephalon

Front

Epithalamus - contains pineal gland Thalamus - relay information to cerebrum, process sensory information Hypothalamus - involved in emotions, thirst, and some habitual activity

Back

Describe the steps in circulation of CSF

Front

1. CSF from choroid plexus of lateral ventricles 2. Flows through interventricular foramen 3. Flows into 3rd ventricle 4. Flows into aqueduct of midbrain 5. Flows into 4th ventricle 6. Flows through the lateral & median aperture 7. Most flows into the subarachnoid space, a little enters the central canal of the spinal cord 8. Flows around the brain and spinal cord, eventually enters circulation via arachnoid granulations

Back

Where does the diaphragm sellae extend?

Front

Lines the sella turcica of sphenoid

Back

How do the cranial meninges compare to the spinal meninges?

Front

No epidural space in the cranial, dura mater has folds in cranium

Back

Where does the Falx Cerebelli extend?

Front

Extends from the tentorium cerebelli to separate cerebral hemispheres

Back

What does the temporal lobe perceive

Front

Conscious perception of auditory and olfactory stimuli

Back

Where does the Falx Cerebri extend?

Front

Extends into longitudinal fissure

Back

Describe the production and location of CSF

Front

Produced by ependymal cells in choroid plexus Located in the ventricles, subarachnoid space, and central canal

Back

Describe the arachnoid mater

Front

Middle meningeal layer, collagen weblike material to anchor cerebral blood vessels

Back

What are the general functions of the basal ganglia?

Front

Involved in subconscious control & integration of skeletal muscle tone; coordination of learned movement patterns; processing, integrating, & relaying information from cerebral cortex

Back

What are the general components of the basal ganglia?

Front

masses of grey matter embedded in the white matter inferior to the lateral ventricles

Back

What does the occipital lobe perceive

Front

Perception of visual stimuli

Back

Where is the pineal gland located?

Front

Located in the epithalamus of diencephalon

Back

Where does the tentorium cerebelli extend?

Front

Separates cerebellar hemispheres from cerebral hemispheres

Back

Describe the functions of the cerebellum

Front

Coordinates somatic motor function, adjust output of somatic motor centers resulting in smooth operation

Back

Describe the functions of the mesencephalon

Front

(Midbrain) - process visual and auditory data, maintain consciousness & alertness; involved with reflexive somatic motor responses to stimuli

Back

Define and locate the 3rd ventricle

Front

Located in the diencephalon, communicates with the 4th ventricle through cerebral aqueduct of midbrain

Back

Describe the functions of the medulla oblongata

Front

Relay sensory information to the thalamus and other portions of the brainstem. Regulation of visceral functions (cardiovascular, respiratory, & digestive systems)

Back

What are the general components of the limbic system?

Front

Located between cerebrum and diencephalon, just superior to corpus callosum

Back

What does the parietal lobe perceive

Front

Conscious perception of touch, pressure, vibration, pain, temperature, and taste

Back

What are the general functions of the limbic system?

Front

Establishes emotional states; links the conscious functions with unconscious autonomic functions; facilitates memory storage and retrieval

Back

Describe the functions of the pons

Front

Relay sensory information to cerebellum & thalamus; subconscious somatic & visceral motor centers. Bridge between cerebellum and cerebrum

Back

What are the 5 main lobes of the brain?

Front

Frontal, occipital, temporal, parietal, and insula

Back