Section 1
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Prime Factor
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Section 1
(50 cards)
Prime Factor
Is also a prime number. Therefore, the prime factors of 12 are 1, 2, and 3. For 15, the prime factors are 1, 3, and 5.
Absolute Value
Is the distance of a number from zero. Therefore, -3 and 3 have the same value of 3.
Scientific Notation
Is a way of writing large numbers in a shorter form. The form a 10^n is used, where a is greater than or equal to 1 and less than 10, and n is the number of places the decimal must move to obtain this form. Ex. the number 234,000,000 would be 2.34 10^8. The number 0.0000234 would be 2.34 * 10^-5.
Dependent Variable
Has a value that is calculated from other values.
Variable
Is an unknown number or quantity represented by a letter. Ex. d for distance, h for height or x.
Common or Simple Fraction
A fraction that has integers for both its numerator & denominator; this is the most commonly seen type of fraction. Ex. 1/2, 4/3, 5/7.
Term
Can be a variable, a constant, or a coefficient separated from the rest of the mathematical expression by an algebraic sign, such as a "+" or "-" sign. Ex. In the expression 3x - 5 there are two: 3x and 5.
Conditional Inequality
Is one that is true only for certain values of the variable.
Integers
The set of positive and negative numbers, including zero. They do not include fractions or mixed numbers.
Constant
A number with a value that is always the same.
Metric System
A system based on decimals. The units of measurement in this system are the millimeter, centimeter, meter, kilometer for length; milligram, gram, kilogram, and metric tonne for mass; and milliliter, centiliter, and liter for capacity.
Ordinal Numbers
Are used to show position, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 10th, 25th, and so on.
Coefficient
Is a constant that is placed before a variable in an algebraic expression.
Associative Property
The product is the same regardless of grouping. Ex. (25) 3 = 2 (53)
Inverse Proportion
Describes a quantity that increases as the other quantity decreases (or vice versa). Ex. the time of a car trip decreases as the speed increases.
Greatest Common Factor
The largest number that is a factor of two or more numbers. Ex. the factors of 15 are 1, 3, 5, and 15; the factors of 35 are 1, 5, 7, and 35. Therefore, it would be 5.
Zero Property
The sum of a number and 0 is that number. In multiplication, the product of a number & 0 is 0. Ex. 3 + 0 = 3 and 3 * 0 = 0
Mode
Is the value(s) that occur most often in a distribution. Ex. In the list of 21, 23, 23, 25, 27, 27, 27, 28, 30, the value 27 occurs most often.
Algorithm
Results in an exact answer. They are systematic, problem-solving procedures used to find the solution to a mathematical computation in a finite number of steps.
Dividend
Is the number to be divided.
Unconditional Inequality
Is one that is true for all values of the variables.
Decimal Place
The position of a number to the right of a decimal point.
Equivalent Fractions
Two fractions that have the same value, but are expressed differently. Ex. 1/5 = 20/100 = 2/10
PEMDAS
The order in which mathematical operations should be performed in an expression involving multiple operations. Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication, Division, Addition, Subtraction.
US Customary Units
The units of measurement in this system are the inch, foot, yard, mile for length; fluid ounce, cup, pint, quart, gallon for capacity; and ounce, pound, and ton for mass.
Commutative Property
The product is the same regardless of the order of the factors. Ex. 25 = 52e
Prime Number
A whole number greater than 1 that has only two factors, itself and 1; that is, a number that can be divided evenly only by 1 and itself. Ex. 2, 3, 5, 7, etc.
Mixed Number
A number containing both an integer & a fraction. Ex. 5 1/4
Irrational Number
They cannot be written as fractions or decimals because the number of decimal places is infinite & a recurring pattern does not exist within the number, like the square root of 2. Ex. Pi begins with 3.141592653 & continues without end.
Mean
Is a measure of the general size of the data. The formula is: sum of values / number of values. Ex. Given any 6 numbers that add up to 30, the mean of this distribution is 30/6 = 5
Distributive Property
Multiplying a sum by a number is the same as multiplying each addend by the number and then adding the products. Ex. 2 (3 + 4) = (2 3) + (2 *4) = 14
Principal
Is the amount originally loaned or borrowed.
Rational Number
Are the set of whole numbers, integers, decimals, and fractions. They can be expressed as either a negative or positive value. Any terminating decimal that can be expressed as a fraction is one. Ex. 45.6 can be written as 456/10.
Real Number
Are the set of all rational & irrational numbers & are used in all applications of measuring, comparing, counting, or determining quantities.
Acceleration
The rate of change of velocity. Also a vector quantity, it is most often measured in meters per second.
Quotient
Is the number, other than the remainder, that is the result of the division operation. Ex. if 18 is divided by 6, the outcome is 3, and is called the quotient.
Simple Interest
The interest that is earned or paid only on the principal; it does not change.
Composite Number
A whole number greater than 1 that has more than two different factors. In other words, any number that is not a prime number. Ex. the number 8 has the factors of 1, 2, 4, and 8.
Factors
Are numbers that are multiplied together to obtain a product. Ex. in the equation 2 * 3 = 6, the numbers 2 & 3 are factors. A prime number only has two factors (1 and itself), but other numbers can have many.
Millisecond (ms)
There is 1,000 of these in a second; this unit is useful for computing the rate of speed of computer processing.
Proportion
Describes a quantity that increases with an increase in another quantity or decreases with a decrease in the other quantity. Ex. if a sheet cake can be cut to serve 18 people and 2 sheet cakes can serve 36 people, the number served is directly proportional to the number of cakes.
Lowest Common Multiple
The smallest number that is a multiple of two or more numbers. Ex. the multiples of 3 include 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, etc; the multiples of 5 include 5, 10, 15, 20, etc. Therefore, it would be 15.
Velocity
The measure of distance moved in a particular direction over a period of time. It is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude (size) & direction. Often measured in MPH or KPH.
Least Common Denominator
The lowest multiple of one or more denominators of a fraction. Ex. For 2/3 and 4/9 it would be 9, so the fractions can be expressed as 6/9 and 4/9 for easier computation.
Cardinal Numbers
Are the numbers we use for counting. They are, therefore, also called counting numbers or natural numbers.
Compound Interest
Is the interest that is earned or paid on the principal & the interest already earned; thus, the amount of money that earns interest is cumulative & increases each year.
Inequality
Is a mathematical statement that shows two algebraic expressions are not equal. Can be solved in a way similar to an equation. It can be solved by rearranging and solving for an unknown variable. To keep it true, any term added to or subtracted from one side must be added to or subtracted from the other side. The same is true for multiplying or dividing. If multiplying or dividing by a negative number, the sign is reversed.
Divisor
Is the number by which a dividend is divided.
Common Factor
Is a number that divides exactly into two or more other numbers. Ex. the factors of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12, while the factors of 15 are 1, 3, 5, and 15. The common factors of 12 and 15 are 1 and 3.
Median
Is the middle value of a distribution that is arranged in size order.
Section 2
(49 cards)