Section 1
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Last updated
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Date created
Mar 1, 2020
Cards (198)
Section 1
(50 cards)
Interval Data
the measure of distance between data items
Rounding
estimating the closest number to a given whole number
4th Grade
students in this grade understand 999,999,999 whole number and decimals use concrete objects to generate equivalent fractions use strategies including rounding to estimate
Factor Tree
A diagram showing how a composite number breaks down into its prime factors.
5th Grade
students in this grade can identify common factors of whole number to multiplication, division with remainders
Ordinal (Rank) Data
data gathered from surveys
Absolute Value
distance of a number from 0 on the number line it ignores the + or - sign represented w/2 vertical lines
Analysis
systematic reflection in which teachers engage
Exponential Notation
symbolic way of showing how many times a number is used as a factor
Algorithm
is a step by step problem solving method used to get a certain result with several steps that repeat
Estimating by Calculating Ranges
when multiplication of quantities with different ranges is involved, estimation by ranging can be applied
Discourse
manner of representing, thinking, talking that teacher and students use to engage in these tasks
Rational Number
values that can be written as ratio of 2 integers (e.g. 5/8, 5=5/1, .333, 25=1/4)
Number Line
This is a line representing the set of all real numbers.
Assessment
should support the learning of important mathematics concepts and furnish useful info
6th Grade
students in this grade know non negative rational numbers use integers to real life situations write prime factorizations using exponents
Addition
combing 2 or more quantities into a sum
Integer
a set of whole numbers and their opposite, including 0
Fraction
number that represents part of a whole, part of a set or a quotient in the form
Curriculum
must be coherent, focused on important and well articulated concepts across the grades
Odd Number
cannot be divided by 2 without having a remainder of 1 (e.g. 9,21,35)
Real Numbers
any number that is positive, negative or 0 and can be used to measure continuous quantities
Expanded Form
the sum of number's place value (e.g. 263= 200+60+3) 2 hundreds, 6 tens and 3 ones
Estimation
calculated approximation of the result 4 types: -rounding -replacing place value -clustering numbers -calculating ranges
Complex Number
must be written in the form a+bi where "a" and "b" are real numbers a= real number part b= imaginary number part
Imaginary Number
square root of a negative number
Whole Number
the counting numbers and 0 0,1,2,3,4,5,6 and so on
Division
2 numbers that tells how many groups there are or in each group
2nd Grade
students in this grade can model hundreds, tens & ones record comparison using symbols <>= addition/subtraction 2 digit numbers
Estimating by Clustering
grouping numbers with similar values into subsets and then performing desired operations of addition or subtraction
Expanded Notation
same as expanded form, it shows the place value by multiplying each digit in a number by the power of 10
Multiplication
combining groups of equal amounts repeated addition or inverse of division
Tasks
projects, questions, problems, construction in which student engage
Commutative Property
changing the order of numbers being added or multiplied gives the same answer a+b=b+a (5+4=4+5) axb=bxa 5x4=4x5)
Percent
another way of expressing a fractional number
Nominal Data
counted data
Composite Number
have more than exactly two numbers that divide them evenly (e.g. 4, 15, 49 4/2=2 & 4/4=1 15/15=1 & 15/3=5 49/1= 49 & 49/7=7)
Greatest Common Factor
LARGEST factor by which two different numbers are divisible (e.g. GCF of 24 & 32=8)
3rd Grade
students in this grade can use place value to read, write & describe whole #'s use fraction name and symbols applies multiplication numbers thru 12
Digit
a number as a symbol
Decimal
contain a decimal point that separates the place value from tenths
Estimation and Operations
estimating before operating
Even Number
can be divided by 2 with no remainder (e.g. 2,4,16)
Subtraction
removing objects from a larger group or finding parts of a whole
Natural Number
the counting numbers (e.g. 1,2,3,4...)
1st Grade
students in this grade are able to create sets of tens & ones using objects separate whole into 2's, 3's or 4's equal parts models addition/subtraction problem situations
Irrational Number
values that cannot be expressed as a ratio of 2 integers (e.g. square root of 5, pi, square root of 2)
Scientific Notation
used to express very large or very small quantities by applying a power with the base of 10
Prime Number
have exactly two number that divide them evenly 1 and the actual number itself (e.g. 3, 7, 11)
Place Value
the location of a digit within a number determines its value
Section 2
(50 cards)
Slope-Intercept Form
y=mx+b, m is the slope b is the y-intercept of the line
scalene triangle
a triangle with no congruent sides
Algebraic Expression
a mathematical phrase that is written by using one or more variable but does not contain a relation symbol (e.g. 5y+8)
Algebraic Solution
the process of solving a mathematical problem by using the principles of algebra
Informal Assessment
teacher observes, listens, and questions students in order to gather information regarding student learning
Pentagon
a polygon with 5 sides
Van Hiele Theory
a stage theory, set out in levels Visualization Analysis Informal Deduction Formal Deduction Rigor
Complementary Angle
Two angles whose sum is 90 degrees
Function
is a special type of relation where each member of the domain, or independent variable, is paired with (matched) exactly one member of the range, or dependent variable
Orders of Operation
PEMDAS (please excuse my dear aunt sally)
algebraic inequality
Algebraic statement about the relative size of one or more variables and/or constants. (5x>10)
FOIL Method
(first, outer, inner, last)
Line Graph
similar to bar graphs, but use points and lines with a more abstract
Arithmetic Sequence
if the difference between any two consecutive terms of the sequence is constant
Right Angle
An angle equal to 90 degrees
Straight Line
any two points that make exactly a line
Pictorial Graph
concrete representation of info represent a transition from real object graphs to symbolic graphs
Isosceles Triangle
A triangle that has 2 equal sides.
Proportional Reasoning
involves two unlike terms that are related in some kind of way
Acute Angle
angles less than 90 degrees
Supplementary Angle
Are two angles whose sum is 180 degrees
Ray
similar to a line segment except it extends forever in 1 direction
Line Segment
a part of a line that has two endpoints
equilateral triangle
A triangle with three congruent sides
Property of 0
the sum of a number is a number and 0 is the number itself and the product of a number is 0 8+0=8 8x0=0
Nonlinear function
Does not satisfy the constraints of a linear function. Has exponents. Has x in the denominator.
Polygon
Many-sided, two-dimensional plane figure bound by a finite number of straight lines. they are described based on the number of sides
Congruent Angle
angles that have the same measure
Data Set
is a set of ordered pairs
Domain
a functional relationship is the set of all first-members of the relation
Perpendicular Lines
is the measure of two lines that intersect and are 90 degrees
Formal Assessment
and end-product testing paper and pencil tests (e.g. quizzes, exams)
Octagon
a polygon with 8 sides
Deductive (Formal) Reasoning
General to specific reaches conclusions based on accepted truths and logical reasoning;
Linear Function
first-degree polynomial function a straight line y=mx+b
Algebraic Pattern
a set of numbers in a specific order
Table
a systematic or orderly lists of values usually in rows and colums
Quadrilateral
a polygon with 4 sides
Angle
formed by two rays with the same endpoint
Distributive Property
Multiplication and division may be distributed over addition and subtraction 10 x (50+3)= (10 x 50) + (10 x 3)
Pie Chart
help visualize relationships based on percentages of a possible 100%
Hexagon
a polygon with 6 sides
Inductive (Informal) Reasoning
Goes from specific to general Uses observations and patterns to infer a generalization
Bar Graph
represent two elements of a single object
Abductive Reasoning
finding the best or most likely explanation for what happened
Triangle
A polygon with three sides.
Associative Property
the grouping of the numbers in addition and multiplication does not change the answer addition (a+b)+c= a(b+c) multiplication (axb)xc=ax(bxc)
Inequality
when multiplying or dividing by a negative number, the direction of the equality symbol switches
Plane
2D (flat surfaces w/edges) that have infinite length and width but no depth
Parallel Lines
two lines that never intersect
Section 3
(50 cards)
Tessallations
is the arrangement of polygons that forms a grid
Square
a type of parallelogram with four right angles
Diameter
of a circle is a straight line segment
Linear Measurement
inches, feet, yards, miles
Translations
also called a slide means moving
Pythagorean Theorem
any right triangle with legs (shorter sides) and hypothenuse is the sum of the squares of the legs will be equal
Sample Variance
the sum of squared deviations divided by n-1
Circle
has no angles, they are all points that are equidistant from the center
Volume Measurement
teaspoons, tablespoons, cups, pints, quartz & gallons
kilometer
is a metric unit of length for long distances 1.5 kilometers to make 1 mile
Angle-Angle-Side (AAS)
If two pairs of angles of two triangles are equal in measurement and a pair of corresponding sides is of equal length, then the triangles are congruent
Median
middle value of all numbers in the set
Area of a Rectangle
Multiply length times width. A=LxW
Side-Side-Side (SSS)
If three sides of one triangle are congruent to three sides of another triangle, then the triangles are congruent.
Sample space
is the set of all possible outcomes of an experiment
Statistics
the science or study of data
Probability
describing the likelihood of an outcome
Parallelogram
A quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides
Measurement of Mass
ounces, pounds, and tons
Perimeter of a Rectangle
is found by adding twice the length of the rectangle to the twice width of rectangle P=2L+2W
Reflection
also called a flip is a transformation that means to reflect an object or to make the figure/object appear to be backwards or flipped
Chord
any line segment that connects two points on the circle
Angle-Side-Angle (ASA)
If two angles and the included side of one triangle are congruent to two angles and the included side of another triangle, then the triangles are congruent.
acute triangle
A triangle with 3 acute angles
Volume
basic unit of measurement millimeters & liters slightly larger than a quart 4 liters make 1 gallon
Statistical Method
used to describe., analyze, evaluate and interpret info
perimeter of a 2D shape
is the distance around the object measure in linear units (ft, inches & meters)
mass
grams & kilograms 28 grams to make 1 oz
Rectangle
a type of parallelogram with four right sides
Range
the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution
Area of a circle
squaring the length of its radius then multiplying that product by π A=πr²
Perimeter of a Triangle
found by adding the three sides
Spread of Data
also called variance can be measured by standard deviation or range
Perimeter of a Square
is found of multiplying 4 times the measure of a side of the square P=4s
Circumfrence
the distance around a circle 2πr
Radius
A straight line from the center to the circumference of a circle or sphere.
Axiomatic Structure
basic assumption about a system allows theorems to be developed
Mode
the most frequently occurring score(s) in a distribution
Linear
millimeters, centimeters, meters & kilometers
Symmetry
the correspondence in size, form, or arrangement of parts on opposite side of a plane, line of point
Rhombus
a special type of parallelogram with all sides the same length
Theorem
statements that have been proven to be true with the use of other theorems or statements
Area of a parallelogram
found by multiplying the measure of the base by the measure of the height A=bh
Data Analysis
involves probability and statistics
Area of a Triangle
divided into two congruent triangles A=1/2bh
Rotation
also called turn is known as transformation that rotates or turns the shape around
Side-Angle-Side (SAS)
If two pairs of sides of two triangles are equal in length, and the included angles are equal in measurement, then the triangles are congruent.
Area of a Square
Squaring the measure of the side of the square A=s²
centimeters
the basic metric unit for short distances 2.5 centimeters to 1 inch
Mean
the arithmetic average of a distribution, obtained by adding the scores and then dividing by the number of scores
Section 4
(48 cards)