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Behavioral Science II - Needs, Motivation, and Attitude

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Section 1

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The elaboration likelihood model differentiates individuals based on their use of high or low elaboration technique. Differentiate between these techniques.

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Mar 1, 2020

Cards (24)

Section 1

(24 cards)

The elaboration likelihood model differentiates individuals based on their use of high or low elaboration technique. Differentiate between these techniques.

Front

Central route processing (high elaboration) scrutinizes and analyzes persuasive information. Peripheral route processing (low elaboration) focuses on superficial details of persuasive information.

Back

T/F Social cognitive theory states that behavior is learned by trial and error

Front

F It is developed through direct observation and replication of the actions of others, personal factors, and our environment.

Back

This theory would postulate that the motivation of one riding a bike experiencing cramps from lactic acid buildup in his muscles to stop is to decrease the pain. What theory would this be?

Front

Drive reduction theory

Back

What is incentive theory?

Front

The theory that behavior is NOT driven by need or arousal but by the desire to pursue rewards and avoid punishment.

Back

In regard to tolerance of a drug, what type of symptoms will occur if the drug taken was a stimulant?

Front

Depressant symptoms

Back

This law postulates that there is a U-shaped function between the level of arousal and performance, and that performance is worst at either very high or low arousals.

Front

Yerkes-Dodson law

Back

What are the three components of attitude? ABC...

Front

Affective (way someone FEELS) Behavioral (way someone ACTS) Cognitive (way someone THINKS)

Back

What does Bandura's triadic reciprocal causation triangle demonstrate?

Front

Behavioral, personal, and environmental factors all influence each other in the lens of attitude

Back

A child taught by her parents not to use curse words develops a negative attitude toward them. What theory of attitude does this refer to?

Front

Learning theory (attitudes are influenced by various forms of learning)

Back

When an individual continuously takes a drug, what does opponent-process theory state one's body will do to counteract the drug? What other complication can this lead to?

Front

The body's physiology will change (i.e., if a drug is a depressant, arousal will be induced) This can lead to tolerance

Back

The instinct theory of motivation states what?

Front

People are driven to do behaviors based on evolutionarily programmed instincts.

Back

Differentiate between extrinsic/intrinsic motivation of a student yearning to achieve high grades versus striving to master content.

Front

Since extrinsic motivation involves rewards for showing a desired behavior or avoiding punishment, a student yearning to achieve high grades is motivated by extrinsic motivation. Since motivation derived from within one's self is intrinsic motivation, a student striving to master content is considered intrinsic motivation.

Back

List Maslow's hierarchy of needs from highest to lowest

Front

Self-actualization Esteem Love/belonging Safety Physiology

Back

Drives are internal states of tension that activate certain behaviors focused on goals. What is a potential positive of drives?

Front

Humans are drive to survive (complete tasks) by creating an uncomfortable state and thus a desire to alleviate this state.

Back

What does the arousal theory of motivation state?

Front

This states that people perform actions in order to maintain an optimal level of arousal, increasing or decreasing arousal as needed.

Back

Water, food, and shelter are what type of drives?

Front

Primary drives

Back

Homeostasis is often driven by what procedure?

Front

Negative feedback loops

Back

Describe Maslow's hierarchy of needs. What is the relationship between these needs and motivation?

Front

Needs classified into five groups (pyramid), with those most essential needs at the bottom. If a lower need is not met, motivation to meet that need will be the highest priority.

Back

What is drive reduction theory?

Front

The ultimate goal of motivation is reduction of UNCOMFORTABLE states.

Back

The desire for love, nurturing, and acceptance by others refers to what type of drive?

Front

Secondary drive

Back

What is expectancy value theory?

Front

The amount of motivation to reach a goal is determined by the degree in which one strives to reach that goal and the potential for success.

Back

The self-determination theory states that there are three universal needs that must be met: autonomy, competency, and relatedness. Why must these needs be met?

Front

In order to develop healthy relationships with one's self and others

Back

What does the functional attitudes theory state? What are the four components of this theory?

Front

Attitudes serve FOUR functions Knowledge Ego-expressive Ego-defensive Adaptive (one will be accepted if socially accepted attitudes are expressed)

Back

What is an instinct?

Front

Innate, fixed patterns of behavior in response to a stimuli. The moro, babinski, rooting, and grasping reflex are all innate.

Back