Section 1
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logical operator
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Last updated
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Date created
Mar 1, 2020
Cards (75)
Section 1
(50 cards)
logical operator
One of the operators that combines boolean expressions: and, or, and not.
program
A set of instructions that specifies a computation
expression
A combination of variables, operators, and values that represents a single result value.
integer
A type that represents whole numbers.
semantics
The meaning of a program
guardian pattern
Where we construct a logical expression with additional comparisons to take advantage of the short-circuit behavior.
problem solving
The process of formulating a problem, finding a solution, and expressing the solution
compile
To translate a program written in a high-level language into a low-level language, in preparation for later execution
floating point
A type that represents numbers with fractional parts.
comment
Information in a program that is meant for other programmers (or anyone reading the source code) and has no effect on the execution of the program
body
The sequence of statements within a compound statement.
rules of precedence
The set of rules governing the order in which expressions involving multiple operators and operands are evaluated.
statement
A section of code that represents a command or action. So far, the statements we have seen are assignments and print statements.
Interactive mode
A way of using the Python interpreter by typing commands and expressions at the prompt.
nested conditional
A conditional statement that appears in one of the branches of another conditional statement.
assignment
A statement that assigns a value to a variable.
portability
A property of a program that can run on more than one kind of computer.
string
A type that represents sequences of characters
compound statement
A statement that consists of a header and a body. The header ends with a colon (:). The body is indented relative to the header.
concatenate
To join two operands end-to-end.
condition
The boolean expression in a conditional statement that determines which branch is executed.
print function
An instruction that causes the Python interpreter to display a value on the screen.
modulus operator
An operator, denoted with a percent sign ( %), that works on integers and yields the remainder when one number is divided by another.
prompt
When a program displays a message and pauses for the user to type some input to the program
operand
One of the values on which an operator operates.
type
A category of values. The types we have seen so far are integers (type int), floating-point numbers (type float), and strings (type str).
keyword
A reserved word that is used by the compiler to parse a program; you cannot use keywords like if, def, and while as variable names.
interpret
To execute a program in a high-level language by translating it one line at a time
source code
A program in a high-level language before being compiled.
branch
One of the alternative sequences of statements in a conditional statement.
boolean expression
An expression whose value is either true or false.
chained conditional
A conditional statement with a series of alternative branches.
main memory
Stores programs and data. Main memory loses its information when the power is turned off
mnemonic
A memory aid. We often give variables mnemonic names to help us remember what is stored in the variable
low-level language
A programming language that is designed to be easy for a computer to execute; also called machine language or assembly language.
semantic error
An error in a program that makes it do something other than what the programmer intended.
variable
A name that refers to a value.
conditional statement
A statement that controls the flow of execution depending on some condition.
value
One of the basic units of data, like a number or string, that a program manipulates.
high-level language
A programming language like Python that is designed to be easy for humans to read and write.
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
The heart of any computer. It is what run the software that we write; also called "CPU" or "the processor"
bug
An error in a program.
secondary memory
Stores programs and data and retains its information even when the power is turned off. Generally slower than main memory. Examples of secondary memory include disk drives and flash memory in USB sticks
Machine Code
The lowest-level language for software, which is the language that is directly executed by the central processing unit
short circuit
When Python is part-way through evaluating a logical expression and stops the evaluation because Python knows the final value for the expression without needing to evaluate the rest of the expression.
comparison operator
One of the operators that compares its operands: ==, !=, >, <, >=, and <=.
traceback
A list of the functions that are executing, printed when an exception occurs.
parse
To examine a program and analyze the syntactic structure.
evaluate
To simplify an expression by performing the operations in order to yield a single value.
operator
A special symbol that represents a simple computation like addition, multiplication, or string concatenation.
Section 2
(25 cards)