change originates at top. Individuals slowly change with added information. Change becomes uniform across all business units
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Regression Analysis
Front
statistical method used to determine a relationship between variables and the strength in relationship
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Pareto Chart
Front
Pareto Principle of %80 percent of effects come from %20 of causes. Distinguishes vital few that contribute to most issues
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Reliability
Front
reflects ability of data gathering tool
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Delphi technique
Front
focus group technique
group process that anonymously generates ideas or judgments from physically dispersed experts, participants then respond to all ideas
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Mind Mapping and Affinity Diagramming
Front
Focus Group Technique, discuss core ideas and members add related ideas and group similar ideas - categorizes until relationships are drawn
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Ratio Analysis
Front
relationships between data
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Unweighted average
Front
raw average gives equal weight to all values
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Histogram
Front
Sort data and support rapid comparision.
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Scatter Diagram
Front
Plots points against 2 variables, test possible causal relationships
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Validity
Front
ability of a tool to measure what it is intended to measure
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Trend Analysis
Front
examines data from different points in time to determine if a variance is isolated, can also be used to forecast future conditions
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Trend Diagram
Front
Plots data points on 2 axes. horizontal usual shows time and vert usually shows volume, test for presence of cycles or developing trends
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Nominal Group Technique
Front
Focus group technique, participants suggest ideas until no more ideas are left, discuss and eliminate ideas until group agrees on remaining ideas
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Change - Organic
Front
independent centers and multiple origins of change in org. radiates unevenly but accelerates with top leadership support
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Pie Charts
Front
portions of a circle equal %100. used to present high level impression of data distribution
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Focus Group
Front
small group participates in discussion with facilitator
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Variance Analysis
Front
degree of difference between planned and actual performance
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Change - Cascade
Front
top-down sequence complete change at every level
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Root-Cause Analysis
Front
start with result and work backwards,
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weighted average
Front
adds factors to reflect importane of different factors (if averaging salaries, you times the salary by how many people have that salary and then calc the average)