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Developmental 1

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Section 1

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Newborn risks

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6 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (45)

Section 1

(45 cards)

Newborn risks

Front

Prematurity. Low birth weight

Back

Experience dependent development

Front

Happens as a result of individual experiences

Back

3 Teratogens + effects

Front

Alcohol - FASD. Abnormal facial features. Trouble with learning, memory, attention, and behavior Tobacco - growth retardation, miscarriage, SIDS, variety of physical defects Stress - slower growth, low birth weight, and temperamental difficulties

Back

translational research

Front

research that uses knowledge derived from basic research to develop and test solutions to real-world problems

Back

Equifinality

Front

Multiple ways to achieve the same goal

Back

Reinforcement

Front

increases the likelihood of a behavior (positive or negative)

Back

applied research

Front

scientific study that aims to solve practical problems

Back

Autism symptoms, causes, popular ideas

Front

Socia impairment and restricted/repetitive behaviors or interests

Back

Fine motor skills

Front

Small muscle groups

Back

Experience expectant development

Front

Happens because that's how we're wired (language)

Back

Piaget's stages of cognitive development

Front

sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational

Back

secondary sex characteristics

Front

nonreproductive sexual characteristics, such as female breasts and hips, male voice quality, and body hair

Back

information processing theory

Front

a perspective that compares human thinking processes, by analogy, to computer analysis of data, including sensory input, connections, stored memories, and output. NETWORK MODEL

Back

Teratogens

Front

Anything that hurts the baby. Drugs (cognitive issues), disease, stress (slow growth and temper difficulties), and toxins.

Back

punishment

Front

decreases the likelihood of a behavior (positive or negative)

Back

Developmental psychopathology

Front

Views mental and behavioral problems as distortions of normal developmental processes rather than as illnesses

Back

3 stages of labor

Front

Early/active - cervix thins, contractions start Pushing- pop out the babe Delivering placenta - easy money

Back

Teratogen impact

Front

Eyes and CNS are vulnerable for longest amount of time

Back

precocious puberty

Front

Super early puberty

Back

Breast feeding

Front

Reduction of obesity. Milk tailored to baby. Uterus goes back to normal. Cancer odds reduced. Less SIDS. Fewer digestive probs, better immune system

Back

dynamic systems theory

Front

Cognitive, physical, and social-emotional theories are all connected

Back

Fetal stage

Front

9 weeks until birth. Baby becomes a human

Back

Brofenbrenner's ecological theory

Front

Children develop under the influence of different systems. Micro, meso, and macro. Systems interact

Back

Piaget

Front

Schemas- how we organize the world in our minds Assimilation- changing the world to fit our knowledge Accommodation- changing our knowledge to for the world

Back

Vygotsky

Front

Zone of proximal development- doing something that is out of your capacity, but just by a little. Scaffolding- preparing children for something that is currently too hard

Back

APGAR

Front

appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, respiration rated 0-2. 7-10 points = normal, 4-7 needs help, 0-4 needs immediate help. Taken at one minute and five minutes

Back

gross motor skills

Front

Big muscle groups

Back

Germinal stage

Front

first 2 weeks of prenatal development, characterized by rapid cell division, blastocyst formation, and implantation in the wall of the uterus

Back

Premature birth and low birth weight

Front

Hard time regulating temperature and fluid loss. May lack certain reflexes (sucking and gag). CNS can be overwhelmed. Increased risk of cognitive impairment and academic struggles. Parents should be responsible and treat infants well. They need to see infant in a positive light.

Back

primary sex characteristics

Front

the body structures (ovaries, testes, and external genitalia) that make sexual reproduction possible

Back

Stopping eating disorders

Front

Change attitudes and perceptions, don't just talk about dangers

Back

Multifinality

Front

various outcomes may stem from similar beginnings (sexual abuse -> sex averaion, hypersexuality, or norma sexuality)

Back

Heritability

Front

the extent to which differences in a group of a characteristic is due to genetics, not environment

Back

Cross sectional design

Front

Test 6 year olds and 8 year olds at the same time. Harder to get similarity. Cohort effect

Back

Autism causes

Front

Brain structure (larger amygdala), brain function (deficits in working memory), and connectivity between different brain parts (more, less powerful connections instead of fewer, strong connections)

Back

Moro reflex

Front

Baby startles. Limbs go out when falling. Goes away at 3 months

Back

Importance of theories

Front

Help us ORGANIZE and MAKE PREDICTIONS

Back

Embryonic stage

Front

3-8 weeks. Chorion becomes placenta, organs form.

Back

basic research

Front

pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base

Back

cephalocaudal development

Front

the pattern of growth in which areas near the head and trunk develop earlier than areas farther from the head and trunk

Back

Sucking reflex

Front

Babies suck when something hits roof of mouth. Stops at 2 months

Back

longitudinal design

Front

Gathers info from one group over a long period of time. High attrition and possible sample bias.

Back

Molecular genetics v Behavioral genetics

Front

Behavioral - determining the degree of genetic basis for a behavior, trait, or ability. ("Is this behavior influenced by genes?") Molecular - Identifying particular genes and understanding how they work ("which genes influence this behavior and how?")

Back

Developmental disorders of brain

Front

Palsy, autism

Back

psychosocial development

Front

Trust v Mistrust, Autonomy v Shame, Initiative v Guilt, Industry v Inferiority, Identity v Role confusion

Back