Section 1
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Berlin Conference 1884
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Last updated
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Date created
Mar 1, 2020
Cards (64)
Section 1
(50 cards)
Berlin Conference 1884
diplomatic meeting between the European colonial powers to set the political boundaries in Africa
antecedent boundaries
lines that exist from prehistoric times
relic boundaries
former boundaries that still have political or cultural meaning
absolute monarchy
when the supreme aristocrat is the head of state and head of government
subsequent example
Kalingrad to the USSR in 1946
superimposed boundaries
lines made for political reasons, on top of cultural boundaries
relic example
Scotland-England border after the Act of Union
citizenship
legal identity of a person based on the state where they were born or naturalized
definitional example
Russian-Japanese Kuril Islands in 1945
physical boundaries
natural boundaries like rivers, mountains, oceans, deserts
high seas
outside 12 mile limit but marriage and arrest are cool
demarcation
markers are placed on the ground to show where borders are
geometric boundaries
boundaries made along lines of latitude and longitude
constitutional monarchy examples
1. Great Britain 2. Japan 3. Spain
definitional border dispute
border treaties are interpreted two different ways by states
nation-state
a single culture under a single government
stateless nation
a culture group does not have a sovereign state
locational border dispute
border moves, like a river changing course
country
an identifiable land area
finite lines
borders between political states and sub-unit areas
territorial sea
sovereign territory, 12 nautical miles out
state
a population under a single government
annexation
when a territory is added
UNCLOS
proposed standard oceanic boundaries for all UN states
examples of stateless nations
1. Kurds 2. Basques 3. Hmong
subsequent boundaries
lines resulting from conflict or cultural changes
examples of supranational organizations
1. UN 2. EU
delimitation
borders are put on the map
locational example
India-Bangladesh
absolute monarchy examples
1. Saudi Arabia 2. Brunei 3. Morocco 4. Emirates in the UAE
allocational border dispute
a resource lies on two sides of a border
antecedent example
French-Spanish Pyrenees border
operational example
new passport requirements to enter US after 9/11
supranationalism
concept of two or more sovereign states aligned together for a common purpose
value-added tax (VAT)
a standard 20 percent sales tax that is the EU government's main source of revenue
aristocracy
kings, queens, lords, princes
definition
borders are claimed, negotiated, or captured
exclave
a fragmented piece of sovereign territory separated by land from the main part of the state's territory
territoriality
expression of political control over space
cultural boundaries
estimated boundaries between nations, ethnic groups, tribes
gerrymandering
the irregular shaping of districts for the advantage of a candidate or party
allocational example
Mexico-US Colorado and Rio Grande rivers
enclave
a minority cultural group concentrated inside a country that is dominated by a different, larger culture group
nation
a population with a single culture
operational border dispute
passage across the border is the issue
exclusive economic zone (EEZ)
a state controls the natural resources, 200 nautical miles out
superimposed example
Sub-Saharan Africa after Berlin Conference of 1884
constitutional monarchy
when the supreme aristocrat is the head of state but the leader of the elected parliament is the head of government
microstates
sovereign states that are v small
multiethnic states
made up of a number of different nations represented by the multitude of culture groups who have migrated and intermixed around the world
Section 2
(14 cards)