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AP Physics 1 - Rotational Motion and Angular Momentum

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Section 1

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Rotational kinetic energy KE(rot)

Front

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Mar 1, 2020

Cards (36)

Section 1

(36 cards)

Rotational kinetic energy KE(rot)

Front

Back

**Rotational Kinetic Energy: Work and Energy Revisited

Front

Back

What is linear or tangential acceleration?

Front

Linear or tangential acceleration, 𝑎𝑡 refers to changes in the magnitude of velocity but not its direction. In circular motion centripetal acceleration, 𝑎𝑐 , refers to changes in the direction of the velocity but not its magnitude.

Back

What is angular acceleration?

Front

Uniform circular motion: motion in a circular path at constant speed

Back

What is the relationship between force, mass, radius and angular acceleration?

Front

To develop the precise relationship among force, mass, radius, and angular acceleration, consider what happens if we exert a force F on a point mass m that is at a distance r from a pivot point

Back

**Kinematics of Rotational Motion

Front

Back

What is the equation that shows this relationship?

Front

This equation is the rotational analog of Newton's second law (F=ma ) Torque is analogous to force Angular acceleration is analogous to translational acceleration mr^2 is analogous to mass (or inertia)

Back

Example: A deep-sea fisherman hooks a big fish that pulls line from his fishing reel, which is initially at rest. The reel is given an angular acceleration of 110 𝑟𝑎𝑑/𝑠2 for 2.00 𝑠 and line unwinds from the reel at a radius of 4.50 cm from its axis of rotation. (a) What is the final angular velocity of the reel?

Front

Back

Example: A powerful motorcycle can accelerate from 0 to 30.0 m/s in 4.20 s. What is the angular acceleration of its 0.320 m radius wheels?

Front

Back

What occurs with angular acceleration when change occurs?

Front

There is an angular acceleration, in which 𝜔 changes. The faster the change occurs, the greater the angular acceleration. -where delta omega is the change in angular velocity and delta t is the change in time. The units of angular acceleration are rad/s2.

Back

Example of Conservation of angular momentum

Front

Back

What happens to angular momentum when net torque is zero?

Front

Back

What is kinematics? What is kinematics of rotational motion?

Front

Kinematics is the description of motion. The kinematics of rotational motion describes the relationships among rotation angle, angular velocity, angular acceleration, and time.

Back

Main idea of rotational inertia

Front

Back

(b) At what speed is fishing line leaving the reel after 2.00 s elapses?

Front

Back

How is angular momentum defined?

Front

We define angular momentum L as L = Iw As we would expect, an object that has a large moment of inertia I, such as Earth, has a very large angular momentum.

Back

What happens if omega increases or decreases? What is the angular acceleration (alpha)?

Front

Back

What is the equation for torque, moment of intertia, and angular acceleration?

Front

The units of moment of intertia are kgm^2 (If you want to give something angular acceleration - you need torque).

Back

(c) How many revolutions does the reel make?

Front

Back

Rotational and Translational Quantities

Front

Back

Example: Suppose an ice skater is spinning at 0.800 𝑟𝑒𝑣/ 𝑠 with her arms extended. She has a moment of inertia of 2.34𝑘𝑔 ⋅ 𝑚2 with her arms extended and of 0.363𝑘𝑔 ⋅ 𝑚2 withherarmsclosetoherbody.(a)Whatisherangularvelocityinrevolutionsper second after she pulls in her arms? (b) What is her rotational kinetic energy before and after she does this?

Front

Back

net work (W) = net Fd cos(theta)

Front

Back

Tangential acceleration is directly related to?

Front

Tangential acceleration alpha t is directly related to the angular acceleration alpha and is linked to an increase or decrease in the velocity, but not its direction.

Back

**Angular Momentum and Its Conservation

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Back

Example: A father pushing a playground merry-go-round. He exerts a force of 250 𝑁 at the edge of the 50.0 𝑘𝑔 merry-go-round, which has a 1.50 𝑚 radius. Calculate the angular acceleration produced when no one is on the merry-go-round. Consider the merry-go-round itself to be a uniform disk.

Front

Back

**Conservation of angular momentum

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Back

How do we define angular velocity (omega)?

Front

We defined angular velocity 𝜔 as the time rate of change of an angle theta.

Back

**Moment of Inertia and Torque

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Back

Rotational Inertia

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Back

Kinematics of Rotational Motion

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Back

Example: Suppose a teenager puts her bicycle on its back and starts the rear wheel spinning from rest to a final angular velocity of 250 rpm in 5.00 s. (a) Calculate the angular acceleration in rad/s2. (b) If she now slams on the brakes, causing an angular acceleration of -87.3rad/s2 , how long does it take the wheel to stop?

Front

Back

What is the equation for the law of conservation of angular momentum?

Front

Back

Work energy theorem for rotational motion only

Front

Back

**Dynamics of Rotational Motion: Rotational Inertia

Front

Back

What is the relationship between tangential acceleration a(t) and angular accretion (alpha)?

Front

Back

**Tangential acceleration and centripetal acceleration

Front

Back