-American Nationalism
-War Heroes
-Death of the Federalist Party
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Monroe Doctrine
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Warning European powers to refrain from seeking any new territories in the Americas.
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Era of Good Feelings
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Term to describe James Monroe's period as president (1817-1825). The Democratic-Republicans party dominated politics.
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market revolution
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Starting in the early 19th century, produced vast economic growth, mass produced goods.
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Federalists
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Favored the wealthy and educated, strong central government, supported the National Bank, limited immigration, slow/against westward expansion.
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Indian Removal Act
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President Andrew Jackson supported this. By 1835 most of the eastern tribes had reluctantly moved to an area in today's Oklahoma.
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John Q. Adams
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Elected in 1824 as a result of a bargain struck by Henry Clay.
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William Lloyd Garrison
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Advocated the immediate emancipation of slaves without compensation to their owners. He was also the writer of the "Liberator."
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Hartford Convention (1814)
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A meeting was held due to opposition to the the War of 1812; some radical Federalist in the Northeast want to secede from the United States, but that it was rejected.
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Sectionalism: The South
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Largely agricultural, mostly cotton from 1830-1850.
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Missouri Compromise
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An 1820 compromise crafted by Henry Clay; prohibited slavery in the rest of the Louisiana Territory north of latitude 36 30.
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War Hawks
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Led by Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun; argued that war with Britain was the only way to defend American honor, gain Canada, and destroy American Indian resistance on the frontier.
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The Lowell Mill Factory
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The system that recruited young farm women to work in the textile mills. They were housed in company dormitories near the mills.
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Whigs
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Favored the wealthy and educated, strong central government, supported the National Bank and Internal Improvements, limited immigration, slow/against westward expansion; above all else HATED Andrew Jackson.
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Treaty of Ghent
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Ended the War of 1812, establish status quo antebellum.
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Battle of New Orleans
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General Andrew Jackson won this in 1815. The War of 1812 had officially ended two weeks earlier, but word had not yet reached the United States.
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Impressment
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Practice of the British navy of stealing Americans and forcing them into service in the British Navy.
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Trail of Tears
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In 1838 the U.S. Army forced 15,000 Cherokees to leave Georgia and move to Oklahoma. 4,000 Cherokees died on the march.
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The Embargo of 1807
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Cut off all US trade with the world, attempting to maintain American neutrality.
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King Andrew
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Nickname given to President Andrew Jackson when his opponents did not like his use of the veto power.
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Nullification Crisis
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In 1832, South Carolina passed a resolution forbidding the collection of tariffs in the state. Jackson threatened use of federal troops against South Carolina.
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Thomas Jefferson
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Washington's first secretary of state. A Democrat-Republican, he was the nation's third president from 1801 to 1809.
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Henry Clay
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Created the Tariff of 1833 to solve the Nullification Crisis, developed the American System, Speaker of the House, Secretary of State under JQA, Whig leaders, leader of the War Hawks.
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Worcester v. Georgia
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Supreme Court case regarding Cherokee rights to land in the United States.
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Sectionalism: The North
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Largely urban population that worked in factories.
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Marbury v. Madison
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Established the Supreme Court's policy of judicial review.
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Increased Voter Turnout
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-elimination of landownership,
-increased news circulation,
-increased education/literacy
-changes to candidate selection
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Jacksonian Democracy
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The time period 1829 to 1837, also known as the Age of the Common Man.
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Sectionalism: The West
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Largely trapping and hunting, citizens lived a secluded life away from others.
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Frances Scott Key
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Wrote the Star Spangled banner at the Battle of Fort McHenry.
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Lucretia Mott
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Early feminist who advocated for women's rights and against slavery.
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Seneca Falls Convention
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In 1848 women's rights movement wrote a "Declaration of Sentiments", which declared all men and women equal and listed grievances.
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Elizabeth Cady Stanton
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A women's rights reformer who was not allowed to speak at an antislavery convention.
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Second Great Awakening
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Religious movement that began in the early decades of the 19th century. Reaction against the rationalism of the Enlightenment. In the northern states it touched off social reform.
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Republican Motherhood/Cult of Domesticity
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After industrialization occurred women became the moral leaders in the home and educators of children. Men were responsible for economic and political affairs.
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Democratic-Republicans
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Favored the common man, weak central government, hated the National Bank, was pro-immigration, wanted slow and cautious westward expansion.
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American System
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Henry Clay proposed this to advance the nation's economy. It consisted of:
* Protective Tariffs:
* National Bank
* Internal Improvements