Go on. Explore!

lvl 0 • 0 xp

lvl 1

Home Market Decks Interests

AP Biology Cell Structure

memorize.ai (lvl 286)

(0)

34 cards

()

Section 1

Preview this deck

Prokaryotic cell

Front

1 / 34

Biology Science

0.0

0 reviews

5			0
4			0
3			0
2			0
1			0

Active users

All-time users

Favorites

Last updated

6 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (34)

Section 1

(34 cards)

Prokaryotic cell

Front

Simple, no nucleus, many have cell wall with peptidoglycan, bacteria

Back

Organelles only in plants

Front

Cell wall, chloroplast, central vacuole

Back

Transport vesicle

Front

Move materials through the cell

Back

Cytoskeleton

Front

Network of protein fibers extending from the nucleus to the membrane - structural support, motility, and regulation

Back

Endosymbiotic theory

Front

Mitochondria and chloroplasts originated from ancient prokaryotes that invaded other prokaryotic cells, and formed a symbiotic relationship

Back

Microfilaments (actin filaments)

Front

Actin; involved in cell motility, found in muscle cells and amoeba; in plants, they promote cytoplasmic streaming

Back

Golgi apparatus/body/complex

Front

Collect and modify proteins and lipids made in other areas of the cell and package them into vesicles; as proteins exit, they are packaged in a vesicle that goes through exocytosis

Back

Flagella

Front

Extension of the cytoskeleton that allow the cell to move; whip-like movement; cell moves in same direction as flagellum; few and long

Back

Eukaryotic cell

Front

Complex cell with a nucleus and many membrane-bound organelles

Back

Organelle

Front

"little organ" - compartmentalized structures that perform specific functions

Back

Peroxisomes

Front

Break down various toxic substances like hydrogen peroxide, fatty acids, and amino acids

Back

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Front

No ribosomes; makes lipids and steroid hormones, metabolizes carbs, stores calcium and helps regulate muscle contraction, breakdown of toxins, drugs, and toxic by-products

Back

Ribosomes

Front

Make proteins; consist of small and large subunit; composed of rRNA and proteins

Back

Organelles only in animals

Front

Centrioles, lysosomes, cholesterol in the plasma membrane

Back

Free ribosomes

Front

Float in the cytosol; produce proteins used within the cell

Back

Nucleus

Front

Contains DNA and acts as the control center of the cell

Back

Rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Front

Ribosomes present; creates glycoproteins, packages proteins for secretion, sends transport vesicles to Golgi, makes replacement membranes

Back

Cell membrane

Front

Separates internal metabolic events from the external environment, controls movement of materials into and out of the cell

Back

Lysosomes

Front

Contain hydrolytic enzymes that break down food, cellular debris, and foreign invaders like bacteria

Back

Cell

Front

Basic functional unit of all living things

Back

Intermediate filaments

Front

Keratin; provide support for maintaining cell shape

Back

Central vacuoles

Front

Large bodies occupying most of the interior of many plant cells; maintain rigidity of cell wall, stores things, allows cell to "grow"

Back

Contractile vacuoles

Front

Collect and pump excess water out of the cell

Back

Food vacuole

Front

Temporary receptacle of nutrients, often merge with lysosomes for digestion

Back

Chloroplasts

Front

Perform chloroplasts to convert sunlight into glucose

Back

Cell wall

Front

Provide support for the cell on the outside of the plasma membrane; found in plants, fungi, and many protists

Back

Evidence for endosymbiotic theory

Front

Mitochondria and chloroplasts possess their own DNA similar to prokaryotes; ribosomes resemble that of prokaryotes; they reproduce independently of the cell; two membranes may have resulted from vesicular endocytosis.

Back

Microtubules

Front

Tubulin; provides support and motility for cellular activities; found in spindle fibers, flagella, and cilia

Back

Nucleolus

Front

Found within nucleus; makes ribosomes

Back

Nuclear envelope

Front

Two phospholipid bilayers that surround the nucleus; contain nuclear pores to allow RNA and ribosomes to exit; attaches to rough ER

Back

Bound ribosomes

Front

Attached to rough ER; make proteins for export from the cell

Back

Cilia

Front

Extension of the cytoskeleton that allow the cell to move; oar-like movement that moves the cell perpendicular to the cilium; many and short

Back

Mitochondria

Front

Perform cellular respiration to convert glucose into ATP

Back

Centrioles

Front

Microtubule organizing center; located in centrosome; make up and organize spindle fibers during cell division

Back