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WHAT ARE BODY'S DEFENCE MECHANISMS?

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Biology Science

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Last updated

4 years ago

Date created

Mar 14, 2020

Cards (30)

Section 1

(30 cards)

WHAT ARE BODY'S DEFENCE MECHANISMS?

Front

SKIN, STOMACH ACID, EYELASHES, TEARS, COUGH

Back

BACTERIA

Front

Bacteria are living cells and can multiply rapidly. Once inside the body, they release poisons or toxins that make us feel ill. BACTERIA GET IN BETWEEN CELLS

Back

RELAY NEURONES

Front

Neurones that carry information from a sensory nerve cell to a motor nerve cell

Back

MMR

Front

MEASLES, MUMPS AND RUBELLA

Back

WHITE BLOOD CELLS CAN

Front

-ingest pathogens and destroy them -produce antibodies to destroy pathogens -produce antitoxins that neutralise the toxins released by pathogens white blood cells do not eat the pathogens - they ingest them

Back

REFLEX

Front

-a way for the body to automatically and rapidly respond to a stimulus to minimise any further damage to the body. stimulus → receptor → sensory neurone → relay neurone → motor neurone → effector → response

Back

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS) consists of

Front

- the brain and spinal cord

Back

RELAY NEURONE

Front

-carry messages from one part of the CNS to another

Back

VACCINES

Front

ARE SMALL AMOUNTS OF DEAD / WEAKENED PATHOGENS

Back

SYNAPSE

Front

Where two neurones meet, there is a tiny gap called a synapse. Signals cross this gap using chemicals released by a neurone. The chemical diffuses across the gap makes the next neurone transmit an electrical signal.

Back

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

Front

WHAT YOU MEASURE- ON Y AXIS

Back

RECEPTORS

Front

- can detect a change in the environment (stimulus) and produce electrical impulses in response. Sense organs contain groups of receptors that respond to specific stimuli.

Back

CONTROL VARIABLE

Front

VARIABLES THAT REMAIN CONSTANT OR UNCHANGED

Back

SYMPTOMS OF AN INFECTION

Front

PAIN, FEVER, RASH, NAUSEA, HEADACHE, COUGHING

Back

VIRUSES

Front

Viruses can only reproduce inside host cells, and they damage the cell when they do this VIRUSES GET INTO CELL

Back

ANTIBODY

Front

PRODUCED BY WBC WHEN IMMUNE SYSTEM DETECTS A PARTICULAR PATHOGEN

Back

DECAY

Front

The breakdown of dead plant and animal material by fungi, bacteria and other organisms. Requires WOW W-warmth O-oxygen W- water

Back

MOTOR NEURONE

Front

A motor neurone sends impulses from the spinal cord/CNS to effector (muscle of gland).

Back

DISEASES CAUSED BY VIRUSES

Front

influenza - flu, colds, Measles, mumps, rubella, chicken pox, AIDS

Back

NEUROTRANSMITTER

Front

Back

PANDEMIC

Front

A DISEASE THAT IS SPREAD RAPIDLY ACROSS MANY COUNTRIES

Back

EPIDEMIC

Front

WIDESPREAD OUTBREAK OF AN INFECTIOUS DISEASE WITHIN A COUNTRY

Back

EFFECTORS

Front

-produces a response e.g.muscle contracts to move hand away from stimulus or gland squeezes and releases hormone into blood.

Back

DISEASES CAUSED BY BACTERIA

Front

food poisoning, Cholera, typhoid, whooping cough, gonorrhoea - a sexually transmitted disease

Back

SENSORY NEURONE

Front

A sensory neurone sends impulses (from a sensory receptor) to a relay neurone in the spinal cord/CNS.

Back

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

Front

WHAT YOU CHOOSE VALUES FOR- ON Y AXIS

Back

PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (PNS) consists of

Front

- nerve cells that carry information to or from the CNS. Includes spinal cord and peripheral nerves.

Back

WHITE BLOOD CELLS

Front

White blood cells can ingest and destroy pathogens. They can produce antibodies to destroy pathogens

Back

PATHOGEN

Front

MICROORGANISM THAT CAUSES ILLNESS OR DISEASE

Back

ANOMALY

Front

SOMETHING THAT DEVIATES FROM NORMAL OR EXPECTED

Back