____ 16. A derived attribute is indicated in the Chen model by a ____.
a. single line c. circle
b. dashed line d. double line
Front
b. dashed line
Back
____ 32. The M:N relationship between STUDENT and CLASS must be divided into two 1:M relationships through the use of the ENROLL entity; the ENROLL entity is ____.
a. weak c. optional
b. strong d. mandatory
Front
a. weak
Back
____ 11. ____ attributes can have many values.
a. Composite c. Single-valued
b. Simple d. Multivalued
Front
d. Multivalued
Back
____ 45. Attribute A ____ attribute B if all of the rows in the table that agree in value for attribute A also agree in value for attribute B.
a. determines c. controls
b. derives from d. owns
Front
a. determines
Back
____ 31. If Tiny College had some departments that were classified as “research only,” they would not offer courses; therefore, the COURSE entity would be ____ to the DEPARTMENT entity.
a. existence-dependent c. weak
b. independent d. optional
Front
d. optional
Back
____ 28. If an employee within an EMPLOYEE entity has a relationship with itself, that relationship is known as a ____ relationship.
a. self c. looping
b. self-referring d. recursive
Front
d. recursive
Back
____ 27. The Crow’s foot symbol with two parallel lines indicates ____ cardinality.
a. (0,N) c. (1,1)
b. (1,N) d. (0,1)
Front
c. (1,1)
Back
____ 13. Although the conceptual model can handle ____ relationhips and multivalued attribues, you should not implement them in the RDBMS.
a. 1:1 c. 1:M
b. M:N d. 1:N
Front
b. M:N
Back
____ 33. If the focus is on data-retrieval speed, you might also be forced to include ____ attributes in the design, which would not ordinarily be done.
a. multivalued c. weak
b. composite d. derived
Front
d. derived
Back
____ 1. Some ____ database modeling concepts can be expressed only using the Chen notation.
a. developmental c. actual
b. conceptual d. specific
Front
b. conceptual
Back
____ 35. Normalization works through a series of stages called normal forms. For most purposes in business database design, ____ stages are as high as you need to go in the normalization process.
a. two c. four
b. three d. five
Front
b. three
Back
____ 5. Ideally, an entity identifier is composed of ____ attribute(s).
a. zero c. two
b. one d. six
Front
b. one
Back
____ 46. A ____ derives its name from the fact that a group of multiple entries of the same type can exist for any single key attribute occurrence.
a. partial dependency c. repeating group
b. transitive dependency d. primary key
Front
c. repeating group
Back
____ 39. An attribute that is part of a key is known as a(n) ____ attribute.
a. important c. prime
b. nonprime d. entity
Front
c. prime
Back
____ 38. ____ yields better performance.
a. Denormalization c. Atomization
b. Normalization d. Compression
Front
a. Denormalization
Back
____ 2. Attributes may share a ____.
a. name c. location
b. domain d. table
Front
b. domain
Back
____ 49. In a(n) ____ diagram, the arrows above the attributes indicate all desirable dependencies.
a. Chen c. functionality
b. dependency d. ER
Front
b. dependency
Back
____ 8. A ____ attribute can be further subdivided to yield additional attributes.
a. composite c. single-valued
b. simple d. multivalued
Front
a. composite
Back
____ 6. A ____ identifier is composed of more than one attribute.
a. primary c. composite
b. foreign d. domain
Front
c. composite
Back
____ 15. A derived attribute ____.
a. must be stored physically within the database
b. need not be physically stored within the database
c. has many values
d. must be based on the value of three or more attributes
Front
b. need not be physically stored within the database
Back
____ 12. Some attributes are classified as ____.
a. simple c. defined
b. complex d. grouped
Front
a. simple
Back
____ 26. The existence of a(n) ____ relationship indicates that the minimum cardinality is at least 1 for the mandatory entity.
a. mandatory c. multivalued
b. optional d. single-valued
Front
a. mandatory
Back
____ 42. Some very specialized applications may require normalization beyond the ____.
a. 1NF c. 3NF
b. 2NF d. 4NF
Front
d. 4NF
Back
____ 9. A ____ attribute is one that cannot be subdivided.
a. composite c. single-valued
b. simple d. multivalued
Front
b. simple
Back
____ 40. A table that displays data redundancies yields ____.
a. consistencies c. fewer attributes
b. anomalies d. more entities
Front
b. anomalies
Back
____ 29. A(n) ____ entity is composed of the primary keys of each of the entities to be connected.
a. associative c. unary
b. recursive d. binary
Front
a. associative
Back
____ 19. In the ERD, cardinality is indicated using the ____ notation.
a. (max, min) c. [min ... max]
b. (min, max) d. {min]max}
Front
b. (min, max)
Back
____ 36. 1NF, 2NF, and 3NF are ____.
a. normalization stages c. repeating groups
b. anomalies d. atomic attributes
Front
a. normalization stages
Back
____ 43. Of the following normal forms, ____ is mostly of theoretical interest.
a. 1NF c. BCNF
b. 3NF d. DKNF
Front
d. DKNF
Back
____ 10. A ____ attribute can have only one value.
a. composite c. single-valued
b. simple d. multivalued
Front
c. single-valued
Back
____ 25. The term “____” is used to label any condition in which one or more optional relationships exist.
a. participation c. cardinality
b. optionality d. connectivity
Front
b. optionality
Back
____ 7. The ____ attribute(s) make up the primary key in the table definition:
CLASS (CRS_CODE, CLASS_SECTION, CLASS_TIME, CLASS_ROOM, PROF_NUM)
a. CRS_CODE c. CRS_CODE and CLASS_SECTION
b. CLASS_SECTION d. There is no primary key
Front
c. CRS_CODE and CLASS_SECTION
Back
____ 24. A ____ entity has a primary key that is partially or totally derived from the parent entity in the relationship.
a. strong c. business
b. weak d. relationship
Front
weak
Back
____ 30. The following step occurs first in the process of building an ERD: ____.
a. Develop the initial ERD.
b. Create a detailed narrative of the organization’s description of operations.
c. Identify the attributes and primary keys that adequately describe the entities.
d. Identify the business rules based on the description of operations.
Front
b. Create a detailed narrative of the organization’s description of operations.
Back
____ 41. Data redundancy produces ____.
a. slower lookups c. efficient storage use
b. robust design d. data integrity problems
Front
d. data integrity problems
Back
____ 47. A relational table must not contain a(n) ____.
a. entity c. relationship
b. attribute d. repeating group
Front
d. repeating group
Back
____ 44. A(n) ____ exists when there are functional dependencies such that Y is functionally dependent on X and Z is functionally dependent on Y, and X is the primary key.
a. partial dependency c. atomic attribute
b. repeating group d. transitive dependency
Front
d. transitive dependency
Back
____ 14. A ____ should be a derived attribute.
a. person’s name c. person’s social security number
b. person’s age d. person’s phone number
Front
b. person’s age
Back
____ 20. Another word for existence-independent is ____.
a. weak c. unary
b. alone d. strong
Front
d. strong
Back
____ 18. Knowing the ____ number of entity occurrences is very helpful at the application software level.
a. maximum c. approximate
b. minimum d. maximum and minimum
Front
d. maximum and minimum
Back
____ 22. If an entity can exist apart from one or more related entities, it is said to be ____-independent.
a. existence c. business
b. relationship d. weak
Front
a. existence
Back
____ 4. In an ER diagram, primary keys are indicated by ____.
a. bolding c. underlining
b. italics d. a special font
Front
c. underlining
Back
____ 37. From a structural point of view, 2NF is better than ____.
a. 1NF c. 4NF
b. 3NF d. BCNF
Front
a. 1NF
Back
____ 50. A table that has all key attributes defined, has no repeating groups, and all its attributes are dependent on the primary key, is said to be in ____.
a. 1NF c. 3NF
b. 2NF d. 4NF
Front
a. 1NF
Back
____ 17. A relationship is an association between ____.
a. objects c. databases
b. entities d. fields
Front
b. entities
Back
____ 48. Dependencies based on only a part of a composite primary key are called ____ dependencies.
a. primary c. incomplete
b. partial d. composite
Front
b. partial
Back
____ 34. Complex ____ requirements may dictate data transformations, and they may expand the number of entities and attributes within the design.
a. information c. design
b. entity d. processing
Front
a. information
Back
____ 3. The set of possible values for an attribute is a ____.
a. domain c. set
b. range d. key
Front
a. domain
Back
____ 21. An entity is said to be ____-dependent if it can exist in the database only when it is associated with another related entity occurrence.
a. existence c. business
b. relationship d. weak
Front
a. existence
Back
____ 23. When the PK of one entity does not contain the PK of a related entity, the relationship is ____.
a. missing c. strong
b. weak d. neutral
Front
b. weak
Back
Section 2
(50 cards)
____ 92. The ____ data type is compatible with NUMBER.
a. VARCHAR(15) c. DATE
b. SMALLINT d. CHAR(10)
Front
b. SMALLINT
Back
____ 90. The ____ data type is considered compatible with VARCHAR(35).
a. DATE c. TINYINT
b. INT d. CHAR(15)
Front
d. CHAR(15)
Back
____ 56. According to naming conventions described in Chapter 2, ____ would be the best name for a column representing the charges per hour in a table named JOB.
a. JOB_CHG_HOUR c. CHARGES_PER_HOUR
b. CHARGES_PER_HOUR_FOR_JOB d. CHG_HR
Front
a. JOB_CHG_HOUR
Back
____ 78. A(n) ____ join will select only the rows with matching values in the common attribute(s).
a. natural c. full
b. cross d. outer
Front
a. natural
Back
____ 54. If a table has multiple candidate keys and one of those candidate keys is a composite key, the table can have ____ based on this composite candidate key, even when the primary key chosen is a single attribute.
a. Boyce-Codd Normal Form c. time-variance
b. redundancy d. partial dependencies
Front
d. partial dependencies
Back
____ 61. From a system functionality point of view, ____ attribute values can be calculated when they are needed to write reports or invoices.
a. derived c. granular
b. atomic d. historical
Front
a. derived
Back
____ 98. The Oracle equivalent to an MS Access AutoNumber is a(n) ____.
a. auto-number c. TO_NUMBER function
b. sequence d. trigger
Front
b. sequence
Back
____ 91. The Oracle ____ function compares an attribute or expression with a series of values and returns an associated value or a default value if no match is found.
a. NVL c. DECODE
b. TO_CHAR d. CONVERT
Front
c. DECODE
Back
____ 81. A(n) ____ join returns not only the rows matching the join condition (that is, rows with matching values in the common columns) but also the rows with unmatched values.
a. outer c. equi-
b. inner d. cross
Front
a. outer
Back
____ 77. How many rows would be returned from a cross join of tables A and B, if A contains 8 rows and B contains 18?
a. 8 c. 26
b. 18 d. 144
Front
d. 144
Back
____ 67. Most designers consider the BCNF as a special case of the ____.
a. 1NF c. 3NF
b. 2NF d. 4NF
Front
c. 3NF
Back
____ 85. In subquery terminology, the first query in the SQL statement is known as the ____ query.
a. outer c. inner
b. left d. base
Front
a. outer
Back
____ 94. The syntax for the UNION query is ____.
a. query + query c. UNION: query query
b. UNION (query, query) d. query UNION query
Front
d. query UNION query
Back
____ 75. When using a(n) ____ join, only rows that meet the given criteria are returned.
a. full c. outer
b. inner d. set
Front
b. inner
Back
____ 66. BCNF can be violated only if the table contains more than one ____ key.
a. primary c. foreign
b. candidate d. secondary
Front
b. candidate
Back
____ 83. A ____ join returns rows with matching values and includes all rows from both tables (T1 and T2) with unmatched values.
a. natural c. full outer
b. cross d. left outer
Front
c. full outer
Back
____ 60. Granularity refers to ____.
a. the size of a table
b. the level of detail represented by the values stored in a table's row
c. the number of attributes in a table
d. the number of rows in a table
Front
b. the level of detail represented by the values stored in a table's row
Back
____ 82. The syntax for a left outer join is ____.
a. "SELECT column-list
FROM table1 OUTER JOIN table2 LEFT
WHERE join-condition"
b. "SELECT column-list
FROM table1 LEFT [OUTER] JOIN table2
ON join-condition"
c. "SELECT column-list
WHERE LEFT table1 = table 2"
d. "SELECT column-list
FROM table1 LEFT table2 [JOIN]
WHERE join-condition"
Front
b. "SELECT column-list
FROM table1 LEFT [OUTER] JOIN table2
ON join-condition"
Back
____ 72. An example of denormalization is using a ____ denormalized table to hold report data. This is required when creating a tabular report in which the columns represent data that is stored in the table as rows.
a. transitive c. component
b. 3NF d. temporary
Front
d. temporary
Back
____ 84. A ____ is a query (SELECT statement) inside a query.
a. subquery c. join
b. range query d. set query
Front
a. subquery
Back
____ 74. ____ databases reflect the ever-growing demand for greater scope and depth in the data on which decision support systems increasingly rely.
a. Normalized c. Temporary
b. Data warehouse d. Report
Front
b. Data warehouse
Back
____ 71. Normalization represents a micro view of the ____ within the ERD.
a. entities c. relationships
b. attributes d. forms
Front
a. entities
Back
____ 63. For most business transactional databases, we should normalize relations into ____.
a. 1NF c. 3NF
b. 2NF d. 6NF
Front
c. 3NF
Back
____ 79. If you wish to create an inner join, but the two tables do not have a commonly named attribute, you can use a(n) ____ clause.
a. OF c. HAS
b. USING d. JOIN ON
Front
d. JOIN ON
Back
____ 93. The ____ query combines rows from two queries and excludes duplicates.
a. UNION c. INTERSECT
b. UNION ALL d. MINUS
Front
a. UNION
Back
____ 64. To generate a surrogate key, Microsoft Access uses a(n) ____ data type.
a. surrogate c. AutoNumber
b. sequence d. identity
Front
c. AutoNumber
Back
____ 70. When designing a database, you should ____.
a. make sure entities are in normal form before table structures are created
b. create table structures then normalize the database
c. only normalize the database when performance problems occur
d. consider more important issues such as performance before normalizing
Front
a. make sure entities are in normal form before table structures are created
Back
____ 59. The most likely data type for a surrogate key is ____.
a. Character c. Logical
b. Date d. Numeric
Front
d. Numeric
Back
____ 68. A table where all attributes are dependent on the primary key and are independent of each other, and no row contains two or more multivalued facts about an entity, is said to be in ____.
a. 1NF c. 3NF
b. 2NF d. 4NF
Front
d. 4NF
Back
____ 95. The ____ statement in SQL combines rows from two queries and returns only the rows that appear in the first set but not in the second.
a. UNION c. INTERSECT
b. UNION ALL d. MINUS
Front
d. MINUS
Back
____ 80. The ANSI standard defines ____ type(s) of outer join(s)
a. one c. three
b. two d. four
Front
c. three
Back
____ 89. “Union-compatible” means that the ____.
a. names of the relation attributes can be different, but the data types must be alike
b. names of the relation attributes must be the same, but the data types can be different
c. names of the relation attributes must be the same and their data types must be alike
d. number of attributes must be the same, but the names and data types can be different
Front
c. names of the relation attributes must be the same and their data types must be alike
Back
____ 100. A(n) ____ is a block of code (containing standard SQL statements and procedural extensions) that is stored and executed at the DBMS server.
a. PSM c. SQL Statement
b. PLS d. PMR
Front
a. PSM
Back
____ 99. The ____ pseudo-column is used to select the next value from a sequence.
a. CURRVAL c. NEXT
b. NEXTVAL d. GET_NEXT
Front
b. NEXTVAL
Back
____ 86. In a subquery, the ____ query is executed first.
a. left c. inner
b. right d. outer
Front
c. inner
Back
____ 57. Improving ____ leads to more flexible queries.
a. atomicity c. denormalization
b. normalization d. derived attributes
Front
a. atomicity
Back
____ 51. A table that is in 1NF and includes no partial dependencies is said to be in ____.
a. BCNF c. 3NF
b. 2NF d. 4NF
Front
b. 2NF
Back
____ 53. Before converting a table into 3NF, it is imperative the table already be in ____.
a. 1NF c. 4NF
b. 2NF d. BCNF
Front
b. 2NF
Back
____ 69. A table is in 4NF if it is in 3NF and ____.
a. all attributes must be dependent on the primary key, and must be dependent on each other
b. all attributes are unrelated
c. has no multivalued dependencies
d. no column contains the same values
Front
c. has no multivalued dependencies
Back
____ 87. The ____ function returns the current system date in MS Access.
a. TO_DATE() c. DATE()
b. SYSDATE() d. TODAY()
Front
c. DATE()
Back
____ 96. The ____ operator could be used in place of INTERSECT if the RDBMS does not support it.
a. IN c. AND
b. OF d. UNION
Front
d. UNION
Back
____ 65. A table where every determinant is a candidate key is said to be in ____.
a. BCNF c. 3NF
b. 2NF d. 4NF
Front
a. BCNF
Back
____ 58. An atomic attribute ____.
a. cannot exist in a relational table c. displays multiplicity
b. cannot be further subdivided d. is always chosen to be a foreign key
Front
b. cannot be further subdivided
Back
____ 62. In a real-world environment, we must strike a balance between design integrity and ____.
a. robustness c. uniqueness
b. flexibility d. ease of use
Front
b. flexibility
Back
____ 73. The conflicts between design efficiency, information requirements, and processing speed are often resolved through ____.
a. conversion from 1NF to 2NF
b. conversion from 2NF to 3NF
c. compromises that include denormalization
d. conversion from 3NF to 4NF
Front
c. compromises that include denormalization
Back
____ 76. The statement SELECT * FROM T1, T2 produces a(n) ____ join.
a. cross c. equi-
b. natural d. full
Front
a. cross
Back
____ 55. A table that is in 2NF and contains no transitive dependencies is said to be in ____.
a. 1NF c. 3NF
b. 2NF d. 4NF
Front
c. 3NF
Back
____ 97. The ____ operator could be used in place of MINUS if the RDBMS does not support it.
a. IN c. AND
b. NOT IN d. UNION
Front
b. NOT IN
Back
____ 88. ____ is a relational set operator.
a. MINUS c. ALL
b. PLUS d. EXISTS
Front
a. MINUS
Back
____ 52. If you have three different transitive dependencies, ____ different determinant(s) exist.
a. one c. three
b. two d. four
Front
c. three
Back
Section 3
(50 cards)
____ 122. Testing, fine-tuning, and evaluating the database and its applications are part of the ____ phase of the DBLC.
a. database initial study c. implementation and loading
b. database design d. testing and evaluation
Front
d. testing and evaluation
Back
____ 140. ____ requires that all operations of a transaction be completed.
a. Specificity c. Durability
b. Atomicity d. Time stamping
Front
b. Atomicity
Back
____ 127. The conceptual design step that defines entities, attributes, and relationships is ____.
a. database analysis and requirements
b. entity relationship modeling and normalization
c. data model verification
d. distributed database design
Front
b. entity relationship modeling and normalization
Back
____ 131. Once the data has been loaded into the database, the ____ tests and fine-tunes the database for performance, integrity, concurrent access, and security constraints.
a. programmer c. database administrator
b. manager d. systems administrator
Front
c. database administrator
Back
____ 116. The design of the system’s processes is completed during the ____ phase of the SDLC.
a. planning c. detailed systems design
b. analysis d. implementation
Front
c. detailed systems design
Back
____ 134. The first step in the ER model verification process is to ____.
a. identify each module and its components
b. identify the ER model's central entity
c. verify all processes against the ER model
d. identify each module's internal transaction requirements
Front
b. identify the ER model's central entity
Back
____ 149. One of the three most common data integrity and consistency problems is ____.
a. lost updates c. user errors
b. disk failures d. deadlocks
Front
a. lost updates
Back
____ 101. In Oracle, ____ make(s) it possible to merge SQL and traditional programming constructs, such as variables, conditional processing (IF-THEN-ELSE), basic loops (FOR and WHILE loops,) and error trapping.
a. triggers c. embedded SQL
b. indexes d. procedural SQL
Front
d. procedural SQL
Back
____ 106. The process of database design and implementation is ____ development.
a. systems c. network
b. database d. transformation
Front
b. database
Back
____ 111. Coding, testing, and debugging are part of the ____ phase of the SDLC.
a. planning c. detailed systems design
b. analysis d. implementation
Front
d. implementation
Back
____ 126. The conceptual design step that determines end-user views, outputs, and transaction-processing requirements is ____.
a. data analysis and requirements
b. entity relationship modeling and normalization
c. data model verification
d. distributed database design
Front
a. data analysis and requirements
Back
____ 143. A single-user database system automatically ensures ____ of the database, because only one transaction is executed at a time.
a. serializability and durability c. serializability and isolation
b. atomicity and isolation d. atomicity and serializability
Front
c. serializability and isolation
Back
____ 128. The conceptual design step that identifies ER modules and validates insert, update, and delete rules is ____.
a. database analysis and requirements
b. ER modeling and normalization
c. data-model verification
d. distributed database design
Front
c. data-model verification
Back
____ 147. The implicit beginning of a transaction is ____.
a. when the database is started
b. when a table is accessed for the first time
c. when the first SQL statement is encountered
d. when the COMMIT command is issued
Front
c. when the first SQL statement is encountered
Back
____ 125. The database initial study phase of the DBLC involves ____.
a. defining objectives c. testing the database
b. introducing changes d. installing the DBMS
Front
a. defining objectives
Back
____ 121. Installing the DBMS, creating the database, and loading or converting the data are part of the ____ phase of the DBLC.
a. database initial study c. implementation and loading
b. database design d. testing and evaluation
Front
c. implementation and loading
Back
____ 112. Evaluation, maintenance, and enhancement are part of the ____ phase of the SDLC.
a. planning c. detailed systems design
b. maintenance d. implementation
Front
b. maintenance
Back
____ 150. As long as two transactions, T1 and T2, access ____ data, there is no conflict, and the order of execution is irrelevant to the final outcome.
a. shared c. unrelated
b. common d. locked
Front
c. unrelated
Back
____ 124. The first step in the DBLC is ____.
a. operation c. database design
b. database initial study d. implementation and loading
Front
b. database initial study
Back
____ 102. The PL/SQL block starts with the ____ clause.
a. IS c. DECLARE
b. OPEN d. BEGIN
Front
d. BEGIN
Back
____ 120. Creating the conceptual design and selecting DBMS software are part of the ____ phase of the DBLC.
a. database initial study c. implementation and loading
b. database design d. testing and evaluation
Front
b. database design
Back
____ 103. Oracle recommends ____ for creating audit logs.
a. triggers c. stored functions
b. stored procedures d. tables
Front
a. triggers
Back
____ 141. ____ means that data used during the execution of a transaction cannot be used by a second transaction until the first one is completed.
a. Serializability c. Isolation
b. Atomicity d. Time stamping
Front
c. Isolation
Back
____ 132. The maintenance and evolution phase of the DBLC involves ____.
a. defining objectives c. testing the database
b. introducing changes d. installing the DBMS
Front
b. introducing changes
Back
____ 114. “What are the requirements of the current system’s end users?”is a question asked during the ____ phase of the SDLC.
a. planning c. implementation
b. analysis d. maintenance
Front
b. analysis
Back
____ 133. The first step in developing the conceptual model using ER diagrams is to ____.
a. normalize the entities
b. complete the initial ER diagram
c. identify, analyze, and refine the business rules
d. define the attributes, primary keys, and foreign keys for each of the entities
Front
c. identify, analyze, and refine the business rules
Back
____ 119. Analyzing the company situation is part of the ____ phase of the DBLC.
a. database initial study
b. database design
c. implementation and loading, testing, and evaluation
d. operation
Front
a. database initial study
Back
____ 107. The primary objective of database design is ____.
a. to create the most efficient database possible
b. to create complete, normalized, nonredundant, and fully integrated conceptual, logical, and physical database models
c. to create the fastest queries
d. to be able to add data quickly
Front
b. to create complete, normalized, nonredundant, and fully integrated conceptual, logical, and physical database models
Back
____ 138. A transaction is a ____ unit of work that must be either entirely completed or aborted.
a. timed c. logical
b. practical d. physical
Front
c. logical
Back
____ 148. The information stored in the ____ is used by the DBMS for a recovery requirement triggered by a ROLLBACK statement, a program’s abnormal termination, or a system failure such as a network discrepancy or a disk crash.
a. data dictionary c. rollback manager
b. metadata d. transaction log
Front
d. transaction log
Back
____ 136. The ____ design is the process of selecting the data storage and data access characteristics of the database.
a. time c. logical
b. network d. physical
Front
d. physical
Back
____ 105. The process of creating an information system is known as ____ development.
a. systems c. network
b. database d. transformation
Front
a. systems
Back
____ 135. ____ coupling describes the extent to which modules are independent of one another.
a. Verification c. Module
b. Process d. Cohesive
Front
c. Module
Back
____ 146. ANSI defines four events that signal the end of a transaction. Of the following events, which is defined by ANSI as being equivalent to a ROLLBACK?
a. Five SQL statements are executed.
b. The end of a program is successfully reached.
c. The program is abnormally terminated.
d. The database is shut down for maintenance.
Front
c. The program is abnormally terminated.
Back
____ 145. ANSI defines four events that signal the end of a transaction. Of the following events, which is defined by ANSI as being equivalent to a COMMIT?
a. Five SQL statements are executed.
b. The end of a program is successfully reached.
c. The program is abnormally terminated.
d. The database is shut down for maintenance.
Front
b. The end of a program is successfully reached.
Back
____ 113. “Should the existing system be replaced?” is a question that is asked during the ____ stage of the SDLC.
a. planning c. implementation
b. analysis d. maintenance
Front
a. planning
Back
____ 142. All transactions must display ____.
a. atomicity, consistency, and durability
b. durability and isolation
c. consistency, durability, and isolation
d. atomicity, durability, consistency, and isolation
Front
d. atomicity, durability, consistency, and isolation
Back
____ 110. A detailed system specification is part of the ____ phase of the SDLC.
a. planning c. detailed systems design
b. analysis d. implementation
Front
c. detailed systems design
Back
____ 108. The initial assessment and the feasibility study are part of the SDLC's ____ phase.
a. planning c. detailed systems design
b. analysis d. implementation
Front
a. planning
Back
____ 118. The implementation of ____-produced applications tends to prolong the operational life of systems by making them easier to update and maintain.
a. database c. CASE
b. network d. design
Front
c. CASE
Back
____ 144. The ANSI has defined standards that govern SQL database transactions. Transaction support is provided by two SQL statements: ____ and ROLLBACK.
a. RETRIEVE c. UPDATE
b. ASSIGN d. COMMIT
Front
d. COMMIT
Back
____ 129. The conceptual design step that defines the DBMS and data model to use is ____.
a. database analysis and requirements
b. ER modeling and normalization
c. data-model verification
d. distributed database design
Front
d. distributed database design
Back
____ 123. Producing the required information flow is part of the ____ phase of the DBLC.
a. database initial study c. operation
b. database design d. testing and evaluation
Front
c. operation
Back
____ 130. ____ allow(s) physical access to areas by authorized personnel only.
a. Physical security c. Access rights
b. Password security d. Data encryption
Front
a. Physical security
Back
____ 104. A stored function uses the ____ statement to return a value.
a. EXIT c. RETURN
b. END d. PROCESS
Front
c. RETURN
Back
____ 137. During decentralized design, after the ____ process has been completed, all modules are integrated into one conceptual model.
a. initial c. conceptual
b. verification d. logical
Front
b. verification
Back
____ 139. A consistent database state is ____.
a. one in which all tables have foreign keys
b. one in which all data integrity constraints are satisfied
c. one in which all tables are normalized
d. one in which all SQL statements only update one table at a time
Front
b. one in which all data integrity constraints are satisfied
Back
____ 109. User requirements, existing system evaluation, and logical system design are part of the ____ phase of the SDLC.
a. planning c. detailed systems design
b. analysis d. implementation
Front
b. analysis
Back
____ 117. The database is loaded during the ____ phase of the SDLC.
a. analysis c. implementation
b. detailed systems design d. maintenance
Front
c. implementation
Back
____ 115. The logical systems design is created during the ____ phase of the SDLC.
a. planning c. implementation
b. analysis d. maintenance
Front
b. analysis
Back
Section 4
(17 cards)
____ 161. A(n) ____ lock exists when concurrent transactions are granted read access on the basis of a common lock.
a. shared c. binary
b. exclusive d. two-phase
Front
a. shared
Back
____ 159. A(n) ____ lock has only two stages (0 and 1).
a. shared c. binary
b. exclusive d. two-phase
Front
c. binary
Back
____ 152. ____ are required to prevent another transaction from reading inconsistent data.
a. Locks c. Stamps
b. Schedules d. Logs
Front
a. Locks
Back
____ 154. Lock ____ indicates the level of lock use.
a. granularity c. growing
b. shrinking d. serializability
Front
a. granularity
Back
____ 158. A ____ lock allows concurrent transactions to access different rows of the same table.
a. database-level c. page-level
b. table-level d. row-level
Front
d. row-level
Back
____ 166. In the optimistic approach, during the ____ phase, a transaction scans the database, executes the needed computations, and makes the updates to a private copy of the database values.
a. read c. write
b. validation d. shared
Front
a. read
Back
____ 164. A(n) ____ condition occurs when two or more transactions wait for each other to unlock data.
a. deadlock c. binary lock
b. exclusive lock d. two-phase lock
Front
a. deadlock
Back
____ 151. A ____ lock prevents the use of any tables in the database from one transaction while another transaction is being processed.
a. database-level c. page-level
b. table-level d. row-level
Front
a. database-level
Back
____ 167. In the optimistic approach, during the ____ phase, changes are permanently applied to the database.
a. read c. write
b. validation d. shared
Front
c. write
Back
____ 153. The ____ manager is responsible for assigning and policing the locks used by the transactions.
a. transaction c. lock
b. database d. schedule
Front
c. lock
Back
____ 163. A(n) ____ phase in a two-phase lock is when a transaction releases all locks and cannot obtain any new lock.
a. growing c. locking
b. shrinking d. unlocking
Front
b. shrinking
Back
____ 165. The ____ approach to scheduling concurrent transactions assigns a global unique stamp to each transaction.
a. scheduled c. unique
b. table-locking d. timestamping
Front
d. timestamping
Back
____ 160. A(n) ____ specifically reserves access to the transaction that locked the object.
a. shared lock c. binary lock
b. exclusive lock d. deadlock
Front
b. exclusive lock
Back
____ 162. What is a rule that applies to the two-phase locking protocol?
a. Two transactions cannot have conflicting locks.
b. No unlock operation can precede a lock operation in a different transaction.
c. No data is affected until all locks are released.
d. No data is affected until the transaction is in its locked position.
Front
a. Two transactions cannot have conflicting locks.
Back
____ 156. A ____ lock locks the entire diskpage.
a. transaction-level c. page-level
b. table-level d. row-level
Front
c. page-level
Back
____ 157. A diskpage, or page, is the equivalent of a ____.
a. database table c. database schema
b. disk sector d. diskblock
Front
d. diskblock
Back
____ 155. A ____ lock locks the entire table preventing access to any row by a transaction while another transaction is using the table.
a. database-level c. page-level
b. table-level d. row-level