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Section 1

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energy

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Biology Science

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Last updated

1 year ago

Date created

Mar 14, 2020

Cards (29)

Section 1

(29 cards)

energy

Front

is needed for all chemical reactions to happen

Back

What do enzymes do?

Front

speed up chemical reactions Like digestion

Back

atom

Front

smallest unit of matter

Back

Proton

Front

Location -- nucleus Charge -- ( + ) positive

Back

Glycosis

Front

Happens in cytoplasm No oxygen needed Glucose is broken into 2 pyruvate molecules End Product: 2 pyruvate molecules, some ATP, 2 NADHs

Back

Where is energy stored?

Front

in the BONDS between atoms

Back

kinetic energy

Front

energy of motion or MOVEMENT

Back

How to calculate calories in food

Front

Energy from an exothermic reaction is absorbed by a container of water. The change in the temperature of water gives the measure of the amount of heat added. Burn the food. Calculate the amount of energy needed to cause that temp increase. This is an estimate of the amount of energy in food.

Back

Enzymes

Front

large protein molecules

Back

Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)

Front

Happens in Mitochondria Oxygen is needed 02 used along with pyruvate to make CO2, NADH & ATP End product: ATP (2), CO2 exhaled, a lot of NADH

Back

ATP

Front

energy used by cells

Back

conservation of energy

Front

Energy CAN'T be CREATED (made) or DESTROYED (put an end to) It CAN be CHANGED to another form

Back

Electron

Front

Location -- energy levels Charge -- ( - ) negative

Back

Potential energy

Front

stored energy

Back

ionic bond

Front

the attraction between oppositely ( - ) and ( + ) charged ions

Back

enzyme-substrate structure

Front

when a substrate molecule interacts with the active site of an enzyme -- the substrate has a chemical reaction and is made into a new product

Back

Calorimetry

Front

Measurement of the energy in food

Back

ion

Front

A charged atom ( - ) or ( + ) the electrons are not equal to protons

Back

exothermic reaction

Front

A reaction that RELEASES (or lets go of) ENERGY in the form of heat or light

Back

Enzymes and chemical reactions

Front

Catalysts speed up chemical reactions without being altered Enzymes are biological catalysts Enzymes lower the activation energy to get the chemical reaction going

Back

weaker bond

Front

ionic is weaker than covalent

Back

Electron Transport System

Front

Happens in Mitochondria Oxygen is needed O2 is used to produce H2O & ATP End Product: A lot of ATP & some H2O

Back

endothermic reaction

Front

A reaction that ABSORBS energy in the form of heat

Back

neutron

Front

Location -- nucleaus Charge -- neutral

Back

covalent bond

Front

A chemical bond made when two atoms share electrons

Back

calorimetry equation

Front

total kcal = mass of water + temp change / 1000

Back

catalyst

Front

substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction

Back

ADP

Front

a lower-energy molecule that can be changed into ATP by ADDing a phosphate group

Back

cellular respiration

Front

Reactions that make ATP (energy a cell can use) Even though digestion breaks down food - it needs to be broken down more for it to be usable by the cell

Back