Go on. Explore!

lvl 0 • 0 xp

lvl 1

Home Market Decks Interests

Anatomy

memorize.ai (lvl 286)

(0)

24 cards

()

Section 1

Preview this deck

Cartilage: Hyaline

Front

1 / 24

Anatomy Science

0.0

0 reviews

5			0
4			0
3			0
2			0
1			0

Active users

All-time users

Favorites

Last updated

4 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (24)

Section 1

(24 cards)

Cartilage: Hyaline

Front

DESCRIPTION: Amorphous but firm matrix; collagen fibers form an imperceptible network; chondroblasts produce the matrix and when mature(chondrocytes) lie in lacunae. FUNCTION: Support and reinforces; has resilient cushioning properties; resists compressive stress. LOCATION:Forms most of the embryonic skeleton; covers the ends of long bones in joint cavities; forms costal cartilages of the ribs; cartilages of the nose, trachea, and larynx.

Back

Transitional Epithelium

Front

DESCRIPTION: Resembles both stratified squamous and cuboidal; basal cells cuboidal/columnar; surface cells dome shaped or squamouslike, depending on degree of organ stretch. FUNCTION: Stretches readily and permits distension of urinary organ by contained urine. LOCATION: Lines the ureters, urinary bladder, and part of the urethra

Back

Cartilage: Elastic

Front

DESCRIPTION: Similar to hyaline cartilage, but more elastic fibers in matrix FUNCTION: Maintains the shape of a structure while allowing great flexibility. LOCATION: Supports external ear (pinna); epiglottis

Back

Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

Front

DESCRIPTION: Single layer of cells of differing heights, some not reaching the free surface; nuclei seen at diff levels; may contain mucus-secreting cells & bear cilia. Has ciliated and nonciliated for, is simple epithelial w/ false appearance of stratification. Ciliated pseudo columnar is referred to as resp epithelium(is endowed w/ goblet cell which secrete mucus away from lungs) FUNCTION: Secretion, particularly of mucus; propulsion of mucus by ciliary action LOCATION: Nonciliated pseudo is found in male's sperm-carrying ducts (vasa deferentia, epididymides ejaculatory ducts, urethra) and ducts of large glands, ciliated variety lines the trachea, most of upper resp tract. Cilia beat to create a undirectional current that moves mucus away from lungs and into pharynx,

Back

Connective Tissue Proper: Loose Connective Tissue, Areolar

Front

DESCRIPTION: Gel-like matrix w/all 3 fiber types; cells: fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells & some white blood cells FUNCTION: Wraps and cushions organs; its macrophages phagocytize bacteria; plays important role in inflammation; holds and conveys tissue fluid. LOCATION: Widely distributed under epithelia of body, Aveolar CT is referred to as the "packaging material" of the body.

Back

Skeletal Muscle

Front

DESCRIPTION: Long, cylindrical, multinucleate cells; obvious striations. FUNCTION: Voluntary movement; locomotion; manipulation of the environment; facial expression; voluntary control LOCATION: In skeletal muscles attached to bones or occasionally to skin

Back

Smooth Muscle

Front

DESCRIPTION: Spindle-shaped cells w/ central nuclei ; no striations; cells arranged closely to form sheets. FUNCTION: Propels substances or objects along internal passageways; involuntary control. LOCATION: Mostly in walls of hollow organs.

Back

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Front

DESCRIPTION: think membrane composed of several cell layers; basal cells cuboidal/columnar n are metabolically active; surface cells are flattened (squamous); in the keratinized type the surface cells are full of keratin and dead ( located on epidermis); basal cells are active in mitosis and produce the cells of the more superficial layers. FUNCTION: Protects underlying tissues in areas subjected to abrasion but not abrasive resistant as keratanized form. LOCATION: Nonkeratinized type forms the moist lining of the esophagus, mouth,and vagina; keratinized variety forms the epidermis of the skin, a dry membrane. Forms part of the mucous mem the lines the structure in tracts of body( entry and exsit points of tract)

Back

Connective Tissue Proper: Dense Connective Tissue. Dense irregular

Front

DESCRIPTION: Primarily irregularly arranged collagen fibers; some elastic fibers; major cell type is the fibroblast. FUNCTION: Able to withstand tension exerted in many directions; provides structural strength. LOCATION: Fibrous capsules of organs and of joints; dermis of the skin; submucosa of digestive tract.

Back

Connective Tissue Proper: Loose Connective Tissue, Reticular

Front

DESCRIPTION: Network of reticular fibers in a typical loose ground substance; reticular cells lie on the network. FUNCTION: Fibers form a soft internal skeleton that supports other cell types, including white blood cells, mast cells, and macrophages. LOCATION: Lymphoid organs( lymph nodes, bone marrow, and spleen)

Back

Cartilage: Fibrocartilage

Front

DESCRIPTION: Matrix similar to but less firm than that in hyaline cartilage; thick collagen fibers predominate. FUNCTION: Tensile strength w/ the ability to absorb compressive shock LOCATION: Intervertebral discs; pubic synohysis; discs of knee joint.

Back

Nervous Tissue

Front

DESCRIPTION:Neurons are branching cells; cell processes that may be quite long extend from the nucleus-containing cell body; also contributing to nervous tissue are non irritable supporting cells FUNCTION: Transmit electrical signals from sensory receptors and to effectors ( muscles and glands) which control their activity. LOCATION: Brain, spinal cord and nerves.

Back

Connective Tissue Proper: Loose Connective Tissue, Adipose

Front

DESCRIPTION: Matrix as in areolar, but very sparse; closely packed adipocytes/fat cells, have nucleus pushed to the side by the large fat droplet FUNCTION: Provides reserve fuel; insulates against heat loss; supports and protects organs against trauma, holds organs in right anatomical position. LOCATION: Under skin; around kidneys and eyeballs; within abdomen; in breasts.

Back

Bones ( Osseous Tissue)

Front

DESCRIPTION: Hard, calcified matrix containing many collagen fibers; osteocytes lie in lacunae. Very well vascularized FUNCTION: Bone supports and protects; provides levers for the muscles to act on; stores calcium and other minerals and fat; marrow inside bones is the site for blood cell formation (hematopoiesis) LOCATION: Bones

Back

Stratified Columnar Epithelium

Front

DESCRIPTION: several cell layers; basal cells usually cuboidal; superficial cells elongated and columnar. FUNCTION: Protection; secretion. Involved in the secretion of products from the glands, provide some protection to the inner surface of the ducts. Exocrine glands secreted products called secretions. LOCATION: Rare in body; small amounts in male urethra and in large ducts of some glands.

Back

Simple Columnar Epithelium

Front

DESCRIPTION: Single layer of tall cells w/ round to oval nuclei; some cells bear cilia layer may contain mucus-secreting unicellular glands( globet cells), divided into ciliated and nonciliated. Ciliated are located in bronchi & are endowed w/ goblet cells which secrete mucus FUNCTION: Absorption; secretion of mucus, enzymes, and other substances; ciliated type propels mucus by ciliary action away from lungs & toward pharynx LOCATION: Nonciliated type lines most of the digestive tract ( stomach to anal canal), gallbladder, and excretory ducts of some glands; ciliated variety lines small bronchi, uterine tubes, and some regions of the uterus, fallopian tubes.

Back

Connective Tissue Proper: Dense Connective Tissue, dense regular

Front

DESCRIPTION: Primarily parallel collagen fibers; a few elastic fibers; major cell type is the fibroblast. FUNCTION: Attaches muscles to bones or to muscles; attaches bones to bones; withstands great tensile stress when pulling force is applied in one direction. LOCATION: Tendons, most ligaments, aponeuroses.

Back

Cardiac Muscle

Front

DESCRIPTION: Branching, striated, generally uninucleate cells that interdigitate at specialized junctions (intercalated discs) FUNCTION: As it contracts, it propels blood into the circulation; involuntary control. LOCATION: The walls of the heart

Back

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Front

DESCRIPTION: Single layer of cube-like cells w/ large. spherical central nuclei,have microvilli on their apical surface (aka form of absorption) FUNCTION: secretion and absorption LOCATION: kidney tubules(tube-like structures that process urine), ducts and secretory portions of small glands; ovary surface, forms part of kidney tubules, outer covering of ovary is called germinal epithelium where simple cuboidal serves as protection

Back

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Front

DESCRIPTION:Single layer of flattened cells with disc-shaped central nuclei and sparse cytoplasm;the simplest of the epithelia FUNCTION:Allows passage of materials by diffusion and filtration in sites where protection is not important; secretes lubricating substances in serosae LOCATION: Kidney glomeruli & kidney where it forms part of the filtration membrane; air sacs of lungs where it forms resp mem, lining of heart, blood vessels and lymphatic vessels (ENDOTHELIUM) and structure of circulatory system; lining of ventral body cavity (serosae), forms part of serous membrane (Mesothelium)

Back

Embryonic Connective Tissue: Mesenchyme

Front

DESCRIPTION: Embryonic connective tissuel gel-like ground sub containing fibers; star-shaped mesenchymal cells. FUNCTION: Gives rise to all other connective tissue types. LOCATION: Primarily in embryo

Back

Connective Tissue Proper: Dense Connective Tissue, Elastic

Front

DESCRIPTION: Dense regular connective tissue containing a high proportion of elastic fibers. FUNCTION: Allows recoil of tissue following stretching; maintains pulsatile flow of blood through arteries; aids passive recoil of lungs following inspiration. LOCATION: Walls of large arteries; w/ in certain ligaments associated w/ the vertebral column; w/ in the walls of the bronchial tubes.

Back

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

Front

DESCRIPTION: generally 2 layers of cubelike cells. FUNCTION: Protection LOCATION: Largest ducts of sweat glands, mammary glands and salivary glands.

Back

Blood

Front

DESCRIPTION: Red and white blood cells in a fluid matrix (plasma) FUNCTION: Transport of resp gases, nutrients, wastes and other substances LOCATION: Contained w/ in blood vessels.

Back