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WHOLE BRAIN THEORY Most Essential Learning Competencies • Discuss that understanding the different parts of the brain, processes, and functions may help in improving thoughts, behavior, and feelings Explore ways on how to improve brain functions for personal development • Develop personal plan to enhance brain functions LESSON 1: DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE BRAIN AND ITS FUNCTIONS The Whole Brain Theory Paul Broca, French anthropologist and pathologist In 1861, while conducting a study and tests on a patient with language problems, Paul Broca theorized that some language functions reside on the left hemisphere of the brain. • Dr. Roger Sperry, who was awarded the 1981 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, explained that the brain has two hemispheres that work differently from each other. • His studies demonstrated that the left side of the brain is normally dominant for analytical and verbal tasks, while the right hemisphere assumes dominance in spatial tasks, music, and certain other areas. Brain theory research made tremendous strides during the 1950's when Roger Sperry at the California Institute of Technology was able to sever the corpus callosum, the nerve fibers between the two cerebral hemispheres, and study each of the hemispheres in isolation. His split- brain the theory research, for which he received the Nobel Prize in 1981, established that the two hemispheres of the brain process information differently. Individuals do not learn with only one hemisphere, but there may be a preference for one or the other processing strategies • Another neuroscientist, Dr. Paul Maclean, identified three distinct parts of the brain namely: neocortex, limbic system and reptilian complex. The neocortex or rational brain is responsible for language, planning, abstraction, and perception. • The limbic system or Intermediate brain is responsible for motivation and emotion in feeding, reproductive behavior, and parental behavior. The reptilian complex or primitive brain controls self- preservation and survival instincts. Dr. Maclean referred to his theory as the, The Triune Brain Theory - neocortex ( rational or thinking brain) - Limbic Brain( emotional or feeling brain) - Reptililian brain ( instinctual or dinasour brain ) • After drawing from the studies of Dr. Sperry, Ned Herrmann, an engineer at General Electric, came up with Brain Theory. Dominance • Herrmann explained that although the human body is symmetrical and paired in almost all aspects, we normally have a more dominant part of our bodies. It could be a stronger right arm and a weaker left arm for a righthanded person or a stronger left arm and a weaker right arm for a left-handed person. However; the weaker parts support the stronger parts • he furthered concluded that the brain not only has two parts but four, namely left cerebral hemisphere, left limbic system, right limbic system, right cerebral hemisphere. hermann is known as the father of brain dominance technology Hermann's Four Dominant Quadrants Ned Herrmann labelled the four as: quadrants of the brain 1. Upper Left (A) Cerebral Mode Key Word: ANALYTICAL 2. Lower Left (B) Limbic Mode Key Word: ORGANIZED 4. Upper Right (D) Cerebral Mode Key Word: IMAGINATIVE 3. Lower Right (C) Limbic Mode Key Word: INTERPERSONAL • The whole brain model emphasizes the fact that there really are four quadrants of the brain where dominance exists. The Herrmann Brain Dominance Instrument (HBDI) was based on this model. The HBDI is a 120- question survey instrument that measures the preference strengths in each quadrant. Whole Brain Theory in Learning • How does the whole brain theory affect learning? Brain dominance leads to preferences in thinking styles. This impacts what a person pays attention to and how he learns best. Each quadrant has preferred learning and thinking activities as shown in the table. Preferred Learning and Thinking Activities in the Four Quadrants QUADRANT A- Quantifying. Analyzing, Theorizing, Logical processing, collecting data, Problem solving, Judging ideas based on facts, and Using statistical and scientific data B - Sequencing, organizing schedules, Evaluating, Practicing and implementing, Collecting data, Planning, Time management C - Internalizing, listening to and sharing ideas, Moving, Being involved or personal interaction, Teaching and expressing ideas D - Exploring, Discovering, Conceptualizing, Synthesizing, looking at the big picture, Causing change, Brainstorming • A person has varying degrees of dominance in these quadrants. He is typically more dominant in one of the four areas. But based on research, an individual often uses at least two of the quadrants. Thus, Herrmann advocated for whole brain thinking or using the four thinking styles. This means enhancing the weaker styles through regular practice and usage while using the stronger styles. You sent An individual has both primary and secondary preferences for quadrants. These preferences are the ones he is comfortable with and accesses when necessary. There are also preferences that he has difficulty accessing or avoids using it. Table 2: Dominant Traits in Each Quadrant A Knows and works with numbers Knows and understands money Knows how things work Logical thinker Down-to-carth Analyzes data Quantifica Realistic Critical D Impulsive and takes risks Discovers and explores Has a vivid imagination Likes surprises Visual learner Breaks rules Experiments Curious Flexible B Creates and establishes procedures Reliable in getting things done Takes preventive action Plans and organizes Submits on time Get things done Organized Plans Neat C Likes to teach and share knowledge Uses physical movement Talks a lot Supportive Expressive Emotional Sensitive Sociable Tactile