If f(x) is continuous on a closed interval [a,b] and k is any number between f(a) and f(b), then there is at least one number c in [a,b] such that f(c) = k. (Used to show the existence of a zero on the interval)
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Definition of Derivative
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Speed = |v(t)|
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d/dx [arccsc u]
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-u'/|u|*√(u²-1)
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continuous if 3 conditions are met
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1) f(c) = defined
2) lim as x approaches c of f(x) exists
3) lim as x approaches c of f(x) = f(c)
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Special Trig Limits
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∫ du/√(a^2 - u^2)
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arcsin(u/a) + c
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∫ tan(u) du
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-ln * |cosu| + c
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Integration Rules (14) on pg 282
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∫ du/ u * √(u^2 - a^2)
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1/a * arcsec( |u| /a) + c
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d/dx [csc x]
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-cscxcotx
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Using trigonometric identities and properties of logarithms, you could rewrite these six integration rules ↑ in other forms
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ex: ∫ csc(u) du = ln|cscu - cotu| + c
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d/dx [arctan u]
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u'/(1+u²)
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Vertical Asymptote
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If f(x)→∞ (or -∞) as x→c from the right or left, then x=c is a vertical asymptote
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∫ du/(a^2 + u^2)
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1/a * arctan(u/a) + c
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The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
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If a function f is continuous on [a,b] and F is the anti-derivative of f on [a,b], then...
If velocity & acceleration have the same sign, then speed is increasing. If velocity & acceleration have opposite signs, then the speed is decreasing.
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Definition of Area of a Region in the Plane
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Remember that: △(x) = (b - a)/n and Ci = a + i * △(x)
https://slideplayer.com/slide/273781/1/images/23/Definition+of+the+Area+of+a+Region+in+the+Plane.jpg
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∫ sec(u) du
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ln * |secu + tanu| + c
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Horizontal Asymptote
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If lim x→∞ f(x) = L or lim x→-∞ f(x)=L, then y=L is a horizontal asymptote.
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d/dx [sec x]
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secxtanx
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Extreme Value Theorem
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If f is continuous on the closed interval [a,b] then f has a maximum and a minimum on [a,b].