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Python

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Section 1

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Ask a user for a numerical input and store it as the variable 'number'. Print that number.

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Cards (96)

Section 1

(50 cards)

Ask a user for a numerical input and store it as the variable 'number'. Print that number.

Front

>>>number = input("Enter a number: ") >>>print(number)

Back

What are Python's Boolean operators?

Front

and, or, and not In other programming languages, this is typically &&, ||, and !

Back

What is the output of the following? >>>"Spam" + 'Eggs' >>>5 + 4 >>>"5" + "4" >>>"5" + 4

Front

'SpamEggs' 9 '54' error

Back

What is concatenation? Are concatenated strings created with single or double quotes?

Front

The addition of two or more strings. It does not matter whether single or double quotes are used.

Back

What is the exponentiation operator?

Front

**

Back

What does the continue statement do? Example code?

Front

It is a statement used within loops that, unlike breaks, causes the code to jump back to the top of the loop, rather than stopping it. i = 0 while True: >>>i = i + 1 >>>if i == 2: >>>>>>print("Skipping 2") >>>>>>continue >>>if i = 5 >>>>>>print("Breaking") >>>>>>break >>>print(i) print("Finished") *Result: 1 Skipping 2 3 4 Breaking Finished

Back

Assign the variable x to a value of 7 and print it using the print option. Assign the variable spam to the string "eggs" and print it 3 times.

Front

>>>x = 7 >>>print(x) >>>spam = "eggs" >>>print(span * 3)

Back

Taking into consideration operator precedence, evaluate the following as either True or False. >>>False == False or True >>>False == (False or True) >>>(False == False) or True

Front

True False True *In other words, == has a higher precedence than or

Back

Create the string 'Python' as the output.

Front

>>>'Python'

Back

What is the output for this? >>>6 * 7.0

Front

42.0

Back

User input always has the type ___. Knowing this, convert user input into something that is not this type.

Front

string (str) float(input("Enter a float: ") int(input("Enter an integer: ")

Back

What is the output of this code? num = 7 if num > 3: >>>print("3") if num < 5: >>>print("5") if num == 7: >>>print("7")

Front

3

Back

What is the output of the following: >>>print("spam" * 3) >>>print("spam" * 3.0)

Front

spamspamspam error, can't multiply a string and a float

Back

What is an elif statement short for? What does it do?

Front

An 'else if' statement. It is a shortcut statement to use when chaining if and else statements. A series of if elif statements can have a final else block, which is called if none of the if or elif expressions are True.

Back

Define iteration

Front

The repetition of a code being executed

Back

Write a program that displays "Hello world!"

Front

print('Hello world!')

Back

What is the output for this? 20 // 6 How do you determine the remainder?

Front

Output is 3. To find the remainder... >>>20 % 6

Back

What is the output of this code? >>>float("210" * int(input("Enter a number: "))) Enter a number: 2

Front

210210.0

Back

What is a nested if statement?

Front

An if statement within an if statement

Back

Write a string that outputs the text 'Brian's mother'

Front

>>>'Brian\'s mother'

Back

What is a float?

Front

Numbers that are not integers (have decimals)

Back

Force x, which is assigned the integer 8, to become a string

Front

>>>str(x)

Back

Write the expression 'x = x + 3' more concisely. Write the expression 'x = x * 3 more concisely.

Front

>>>x +=3 >>>x *=3

Back

What part of an if statement should be indented?

Front

The statements within it

Back

Mathematically, output '4'

Front

2 + 2 (or any other mathematical scenario equaling 4)

Back

What 3 characters are allowed in Python programming? In terms of naming variables, which of these 3 are you not allowed to have as the first character?

Front

Letters, numbers, and underscores. Numbers *Also note, Python is case sensitive

Back

What would be the output of the following: >>>print(1 + 1)

Front

2

Back

Ask the user for input with "Please enter something: "

Front

For this we use the input() function >>>input("Please enter something: ")

Back

Python is processed at runtime by the __. There is no need to __ the program before executing it.

Front

Interpretor; compile

Back

Write the general format of an if statement? An if-else statement?

Front

if expression: >>>statements if expression: >>>statements else: >>>statements

Back

What is the output of the following? >>>x = "spam" >>>x +="eggs" >>>print(x)

Front

spameggs

Back

Triple quotes, strings, lesson 3

Front

Back

What is the result of this code? x = 4 y = 2 if not 1 + 1 == y or x == 4 and 7 == 8: >>>print("yes") elif x > y: >>>print ("no")

Front

Result is no *Step 1: if not 1 + 1 == y or x == 4 and 7 == 8 As per the operator precedence, the first 'and' is considered, x == 4 and 7 == 8, which evaluates to False. With this, the expression can be simplified to... if not 1 + 1 or False

Back

Evaluate as either True or False >>>1 == 1 and 2 == 2 >>>1 == 1 and 2 == 3 >>>1 == 1 or 2 == 3 >>>2 < 1 or 3 != 3 >>>not 1 == 1 >>>not 1 > 7

Front

True False True False False True

Back

What is the output of the following? >>>int("3" + "4")

Front

34; this is become concatenation occurs first then the string is converted into an integer

Back

What is a while loop? Give an example format of a while loop.

Front

A statement that can be run more than once. The statements within it execute as long as a condition holds. Once it evaluates to false, the next section of code executes. i = 1 while i <=5: >>>print(i) >>>i = i + 1

Back

What is the output of this code? >>>spam = "7" >>>spam = spam + "0" >>>eggs = int(spam) + 3 >>>print(float(eggs))

Front

73.0

Back

What is the output for this? >>>10 / 2

Front

5.0

Back

Assuming it has already been assigned, delete the variable 'variable'.

Front

For this, we use del >>>del variable

Back

What is the result of this code? if 1 + 1 * 3 == 6: >>>print("yes") else: >>>print("no")

Front

no

Back

Evaluate these as True or False >>>7 > 5 >>>7 > 7 >>>7 >= 7.0

Front

True, False, True

Back

A list, a type of object in Python, is used to store an indexed list of items. It is created using ___ brackets with ___ separating items. Give an example format.

Front

square, commas words = ["Hello", "world", "!"] print(words[0]) print(words[1]) print(words[2]) *Result: Hello world !

Back

To end a loop prematurely, the ___ statement can be used. Give an example of it in a while loop.

Front

break i = 0 while 1 == 1: >>>print(i) >>>i = i + 1 >>>if i >= 5: >>>>>>print("Breaking") >>>>>>break print ("Finished") *Result is: 0 1 2 3 4 Breaking Finished

Back

Write the code '2 raised to the 5th'

Front

2**5

Back

Which implementation of Python is the most popular?

Front

CPython

Back

In boolean terms, state that 2 is equal to 2. State that 2 is not equal to 3. State that hello is the same as hello.

Front

>>>2 == 2 >>>2 != 3 >>>"hello" == "hello" All statements are True

Back

How many times can you reassign a variable?

Front

As many times as you want!

Back

What is the result of this code? >>>7%(5//2)

Front

1

Back

How do you create a new line?

Front


Back

How do you perform a type conversion? Convert the string "2" to an integer. Convert the

Front

Back

Section 2

(46 cards)

What is the output of the following code?: try: >>>num1 = 7 >>>num2 = 0 >>>print(num1 / num2) >>>print("Done calculation") except ZeroDivisionError: >>>print("An error occurred due to zero division error")

Front

An error occurred due to zero division error

Back

What does the return statement do? What is the output of the following code?: def max(x, y): >>>if x >= y: >>>>>>return x >>>else: >>>>>>return y print(max(4, 7)) z = max(8, 5) print(z)

Front

The return statement causes your function to exit and hand back a value to its caller. Return can be used alone to stop a function or it can be followed by the value to be returned. 7 8

Back

What does the following code do? / What is the output? numbers = list(range(10)) print(numbers) betweenNumbers = list(range(10, 15)) print(betweenNumbers)

Front

The range object creates a sequential list of numbers. Therefore, the code generated a list containing 10 integers. [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] [10, 11, 12, 13, 14]

Back

What is the output of the following code?: def print_with_exclamation(word): >>>print(word + "!") print_with_exclamation("spam") print_with_exclamation("eggs") How many arguments does it have?

Front

spam! eggs! The function has one argument.

Back

What does the insert method do and how do you use it?

Front

The insert method is similar to the append method, except that it allows you to insert a new item at any position in the list. words = ["Python", "fun"] index = 1 words.insert(index, "is") print(words) *Result: ['Python', 'is', 'fun']

Back

What is the output of the following? for i in range(5): >>>print("hello!")

Front

hello! hello! hello! hello! hello!

Back

Any statement that consists of a word followed by information in parentheses is called a ___ call.

Front

function examples are: print() range() str()

Back

What do the following function do? max(list): min(list): list.count(obj): list.remove(obj): list.reverse():

Front

-Returns the list item with the maximum value -Returns the list item with the minimum value -Returns a count of how many times an item occurs in a list. -Removes an object from a list -Reverses objects in a list

Back

What is the output of the following code?: def shortest_string(x, y): >>>if len(x) <= len(y): >>>>>>return x >>>else: >>>>>>return y print(shortest_string(string, str))

Front

str

Back

What is the output of the following code? def add(x, y): >>>return x + y def do_twice(func, x, y): >>>return func(func(x, y), func(x, y)) a = 5 b = 10 print(do_twice(add, a, b))

Front

30

Back

What is the output of this code? try: >>>meaning = 42 >>>print(meaning / 0) >>>print("the meaning of life") except ZeroDivisionError: >>>print("Divided by zero")

Front

Divided by zero *Note that, print("the meaning of life") was skipped after the division by zero caused the execution of the except statement.

Back

What are the three types of modules in Python?

Front

Those you write yourself, those that you install from external sources, and those that are preinstalled with Python (Standard Library). All standard library modules are available online at www.python.org

Back

What is the highest number printed by this code? print(0) assert "h" != "w" print(1) assert False print(2) assert True print(3)

Front

1 This is because the assertion evaluated False whereas the first one was True

Back

Code can actually be called upon when an exception occurs. This is done by using the ___ statement. What is the general syntax of this?

Front

try/except The try block contains the code that might throw an exception. If that exception occurs, the code in the try block stops being executed, and the code in the except block is run. If no error occurs, the code in the except block doesn't run. Example format, try: >>>statements except SpecificException >>>statements

Back

How do you create an empty list?

Front

emptySet= []

Back

What is the output of this code? def func(x): >>>res = 0 >>>for i in range(x): >>>>>>res += i >>>return res print(func(4))

Front

6

Back

Why are lists within lists often used to represent 2D grids? Give an example

Front

Python lacks the multidimensional arrays that would be used for this in other languages. number=3 things = ["string", 0, [1, 2, number], 4.56] print(things[2]) print(things[2][2]) *Result: [1, 2, 3] 3

Back

You can specify the ___ used to open a file by applying a second argument to the open function. Sending ___ means open in read mode (default), sending ___ means write mode for rewriting the contents of a file, sending ___ means append mode for adding new content to the end of the file. Adding a ___ means to open a file in binary mode which is used for non text files.

Front

mode, "r", "w", "a", "b" Examples: #write mode open("filename.txt", "w") #read mode open("filename.txt", "r") #append mode open("filename.txt", "a") #binary write mode open("filename.txt", "wb")

Back

What is the result of the following code? str = "Hello world!" print(str[6])

Front

w *Note that strings can be indexed like lists but integers cannot

Back

What is a module? How do you import a module?

Front

Modules are pieces of code that other people have written to fulfill common tasks, such as generating random numbers, performing mathematical operations, etc. The basic way to use a module is to add import module_name at the top of your code. Then using module_name.var to access functions and values with the name var in the module. For example, the following uses the module random to generate random numbers: import random for i in range(5): >>>value = random.randint(1, 6) >>>print(value) Result: 2 3 6 5 4

Back

What does the index method do and how do you use it?

Front

The index method finds the first occurrence of a list item and returns its index. letters = ['p', 'q', 'r'] print(letters.index('r')) *Result: 2

Back

What does the append method do and how do you use it?

Front

The append method allows you to add an item to the end of an existing list. nums = [1, 2, 3] nums.append(7) print nums *Result: [1, 2, 3, 7]

Back

An except statement without any exception specified will...

Front

Catch all errors

Back

What is the output of the following code? print(1) raise ValueError print(2)

Front

1 ValueError The raise statement allows you to raise exceptions, although you must specify the type of exception raised.

Back

The ___ statement is placed at the bottom of a try/except statement to ensure that specific code runs no matter what errors occur. It will always run after the execution of code in the try, and possible the except, blocks. Example format?

Front

finally try: >>>print("Yo") >>>print(1 / 0) except ZeroDivisionError: >>>print("Divided by zero") finally: >>>print("This code will run no matter what") output: Yo Divided by zero This code will run no matter what

Back

What is an exception?

Front

An event that occurs due to incorrect code or input. There are different exceptions for different reasons (i.e. ImportError, IndexError, etc). Third-party libraries also often define their own exceptions.

Back

What does the in operator do? What does the not operator do? Give an example

Front

You can use the in operator to check if an item is in a list. You can use the not operator together with in to check if an item is not there. words = ["spam", "egg", "spam", "sausage"] print("spam" in words) print("egg" in words) print("tomato" in words) *Result: True True False ____ words = ["spam", "egg", "spam", "sausage"] print(not "spam" in words) print("egg" not in words) print(not "tomato" in words) *Result: False False True

Back

An ___ is a sanity check that you can turn on or off when you have finished testing the program. An expression is tested and if the result comes up false, an expression is raised. For this, we use the ___ statement

Front

assertion, assert Programmer often place assertions at the start of a function.

Back

What is the output of the following code? name = "123" raise NameError("Invalid name!")

Front

NameError: Invalid name!

Back

Many third-party Python modules are stored on the ___. The best way to install these is using a program called ___.

Front

Python Package Index (PyPI) and pip

Back

How do you access one specific function within a module? For example, import both pi and sqrt from the math module

Front

from module_name import var from math import pi, sqrt

Back

How do you annotate without disrupting the sequence of code?

Front

# followed by the comment you wish to enter. Anything after the # is ignored. If you want to comment and it will take more than one line, use """. These are referred to as Docstrings (documentation strings) For example: code code code #this part is ignored code code code """ this part is ignored """ codecode

Back

What is the result of the following code?

Front

nums = [1, 2, 3] print(nums + [4, 5, 6]) print(nums * 3) *Result: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] [1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3]

Back

The argument of the open function is the ___ to the file. If the file is in the same ___ as the program, you can specify only its name.

Front

path, directory

Back

What is the output of the following code?: def print_sum(variable, y): >>>variable += 1 >>>print(variable + y) print_sum(5, 8) How many arguments does it have?

Front

14 The function has two arguments

Back

How many except statements can follow a try statement?

Front

As many as necessary. For example: try: >>>statements except ZeroDivisionError: >>>statements except(ValueError, TypeError): >>>statements *Note that the second except statement contains two exceptions, of which would be handled by the same statements.

Back

How do you get the number of items in a list?

Front

By using the len function. nums = [1, 3, 5, 2, 4] print(len(nums)) *Result: 5

Back

Create a list with the words "Hello" and "World". Then create a for loop that prints the words as such: Hello World

Front

array = ["Hello", "World"] for word in array: >>>print(word)

Back

Write the syntax to open a file, which has been assigned 'file', and create the argument to read it. Using the read method, print the contents of the file.

Front

file = open("filename.txt", "r") cont = file.read() print(cont) file.close()

Back

What is the output of this code? list = [1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13] print(list[list[4]])

Front

8

Back

Import the math module and it's sqrt function. Change the name of the sqrt function to 'square_root' and use it.

Front

For this you use as from math import sqrt as square_root print(square_root(100))

Back

How many lines will this code print? while False: >>>print("Looping...")

Front

0; while statements work by checking if the condition is true. Another way of looking at the code is: while False == True: Since False never equals True, the loop will never run.

Back

In addition to using pre-defined functions, you can create your own functions by using the ___ statement. Define a function called my_func that prints 'spamspamspam'. How many arguments does this function have?

Front

def def my_func(): >>>print("spamspamspam") my_func() This function has zero arguments.

Back

Python can be used to read and write the contents of files. The ___ files are the easiest to manipulate. Before it can be edited, it must be opened using the ___ function. After things are done to the file, it must be closed using the ___ method. Show the syntax for this.

Front

.txt, open, close myfile= open("filename.txt") #do stuff to the file myfile.close()

Back

What is the output of the following code? try: >>>num = 5 / 0 except: >>>print("An error occured") >>>raise

Front

An error occured ZeroDivisionError: division by zero

Back

What is the output of the following code? numbers1 = list(range(0, 10, 2)) numbers2 = list(range(0, 10, -2)) numbers3 = list(range(10, 0, -2)) print(numbers1) print(numbers2) print(numbers3)

Front

[0, 2, 4, 6, 8] [] [10, 8, 6, 4, 2]

Back