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AP Biology- Macromolecules

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Section 1

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carboxyl

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Biology Science

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Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (30)

Section 1

(30 cards)

carboxyl

Front

oxygen double bonded to a carbon atom that is bonded to a hydroxyl group

Back

amine

Front

nitrogen bonded to two hydrogens and to the carbon skeleton

Back

functional group

Front

components of organic molecules most often involved in chemical reactions

Back

polysaccharide

Front

polymers of carbohydrates

Back

cohesion

Front

capacity to resist tension to rupture

Back

dehydration synthesis

Front

condensation; joining compounds together with water released

Back

glycosodic linkage

Front

covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration synthesis reaction

Back

hydrophobic interaction

Front

tertiary structure; weak chemical bond formed when molecules that do not mix with water change to exclude the water

Back

beta pleated sheet

Front

secondary structure form of a protein; spider webs and silk

Back

starch

Front

storage polysaccharide found in plants

Back

primary structure

Front

linear sequence of amino acids; peptide bonds

Back

saturated fat

Front

fat without double bonds

Back

nucleotide

Front

building block of a nucleic acid; five carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogen base and a phosphate group

Back

quaternary structure

Front

protein with more than one polypeptide chain

Back

monosaccharide

Front

C6H12O6 simple sugar; glucose, galactose, and fructose

Back

disulfide bridge

Front

tertiary structure; strong covalent bond formed when one sulfur of one cysteine monomer bonds to the sulfur of another

Back

macromolecule

Front

giant molecule formed by the joining of smaller molecules

Back

disaccharide

Front

two monosaccharides joined together; C12H22O1; maltose, lactose, and sucrose

Back

secondary structure

Front

protein formed with hydrogen bonds

Back

hydrolysis

Front

breakdown of a compound by adding water

Back

tertiary structure

Front

3D conformation formed; determines specificity

Back

phosphate

Front

phosphorous bonded to four oxygens, two have negative charges, one is bonded to the carbon skeleton; phospholipid

Back

alpha helix

Front

secondary structure form of a protein; human hair (keratin)

Back

peptide bond

Front

bond creating amino acid chains or polymers

Back

unsaturated fat

Front

fat with double bonds

Back

polymer

Front

long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together

Back

fatty acid

Front

hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group at one end; majority portion in lipids

Back

cellulose

Front

structural polysaccharide that makes up plant cell walls

Back

hydrocarbon

Front

organic molecule consisting of only hydrogen and carbon

Back

monomer

Front

building block for polymers; only made by producers

Back