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AP Chemistry Chapter 4

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Section 1

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standard solution

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Chemistry Science

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Mar 1, 2020

Cards (40)

Section 1

(40 cards)

standard solution

Front

a solution whose concentration is accurately known

Back

aqueous solution

Front

a solution in which water is the dissolving medium or solvent

Back

net ionic equation

Front

an equation for a reaction in solution, where strong electrolytes are written as ions, showing only those components that are directly involved in the chemical change

Back

electrical conductivity

Front

the ability to conduct an electric current

Back

neutralization reaction

Front

an acid-base reaction

Back

precipitation reaction

Front

a reaction in which an insoluble substance forms and separates from the solution

Back

redox reaction

Front

oxidation-reduction reaction

Back

weak base

Front

a base that reacts with water to produce hydroxide ions to only a slight extent in aqueous solution

Back

reducing agent

Front

a reactant that donates electrons to another substance to reduce the oxidation state of one of its atoms

Back

oxidizing agent

Front

a reactant that accepts electrons from another reactant

Back

weak electrolyte

Front

a material that, when dissolved in water, gives a solution that conducts only a small electric current

Back

molecular equation

Front

an equation representing a reaction in solution showing the reactants and products in undissociated form, whether they are strong or weak electrolyes

Back

equivalence point

Front

the point in a titration when enough titrant has been added to react exactly with the substance in solution being titrated

Back

weak acid

Front

an acid that dissociates only slightly in aqueous solution

Back

solubility

Front

the amount of a substance that dissolves in a given volume of solvent at a given temperature

Back

hydration

Front

the interaction between solute particles and water molecules

Back

acid

Front

a substance that produces hydrogen ions in solution; a proton donor

Back

solvent

Front

the dissolving medium in a solution

Back

molarity

Front

moles of solute per volume of solution in liters

Back

complete ionic equation

Front

an equation that shows all substances that are strong electrolytes as ions

Back

stoichiometric point

Front

equivalence point

Back

endpoint

Front

the point in a titration at which the indicator changes color

Back

precipitate

Front

the solid that forms in a precipation reaction

Back

oxidation state

Front

a concept that provides a way to keep track of electrons in oxidation-reduction rections according to certain rules

Back

indicator

Front

a chemical that changes color and is used to mark the end point of a titration

Back

base

Front

a substance that produces hydroxide ions in aqueous solution; a proton acceptor

Back

titration

Front

a technique in which one solution is used to analyze another

Back

reduction

Front

a decrease in oxidation state (a gain of electrons)

Back

dilution

Front

the process of adding solvent to lower the concentration of solute in a solution

Back

half-reactions

Front

the two parts of an oxidation-reduction reaction, one representing oxidation, the other reduction

Back

strong acid

Front

an acid that completely dissociates to produce an hydrogen ion and the conjugate base

Back

polar molecule

Front

a molecule that has a permanent dipole moment

Back

strong electrolyte

Front

a material that, when dissolved in water, gives a solution that conducts an electric current very efficiently

Back

strong base

Front

a metal hydroxide salt that completely dissociates into its ions in water

Back

spectator ions

Front

ions present in solution that do not participate directly in a reaction

Back

volumetric analysis

Front

a process involving titration of one solution with another

Back

nonelectrolyte

Front

a substance that, when dissolved in water, gives a nonconducting solution

Back

oxidation-reduction reaction

Front

a reaction in which one or more electrons are transferred

Back

solute

Front

a substance dissolved in a liquid to form a solution

Back

oxidation

Front

an increase in oxidation state (a loss of electrons)

Back